Service of refractories in a double bath steel melting furnace

Conclusions The absence of regenerators, the small quantity of easily removable powdery slag in the slaggers, the low wear of the head structure, the verticals, and the lower structure of the furnace substantially simplify repair operations.The much simpler construction of the furnace, compared with that of an open-hearth furnace, enables us to eliminate cumbersome switching systems; the entire switching system consists of two gate valves. The design of the furnace guarantees the use of industrial repair methods.The specific consumption of refractories and fuel for a double bath furnace are less than for the openhearth furnace, but the oxygen consumption is higher, and the output of acceptable metal less.Translated from Ogneupory, No.6, pp. 25–29, June, 1968.     

Service of refractories in a double-bath steel melting furnace

Conclusions In the double-bath steel melting furnace blowing the bath with oxygen is done with a greater intensity than in open hearth furnaces. However, the working cycle and the design parameters of the double-bath furnace permit substantially lower specific labor and material expenditure on repairs than for open hearth furnaces. The specific consumption of roof refractories for the double-bath furnace is much less than for the open hearth, and work is being done to reduce it even further.B. I. Falkon and V. M. Saldeep took part in this work.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 27–30, January, 1973.     

碱性耐火材料在白银炼铜炉上的使用

简述了炼钢炉的原理及特点，镁铝、镁络耐火材料的性能及其在炼铜炉上的使用。初探了炼钢炉渣线部位用普通镁铝砖、半再结合镁铬砖的损毁机理，结果表明：半再结合镁络砖的抗侵蚀性明显优于普通镁铝砖。     

Open-hearth furnace steel melting bath refractory servicing

The reliability of a steel-melting object operation depends to a considerable extent on the state of the furnace hearth refractory lining. Prolonged and partial furnace stoppages lead to loss of integrity of the sintered layer whose restoration requires performance of several necessary operations. Timely repair of the sintered layer reduces hot lost time and periclase material consumption.     

全氧燃烧玻璃熔窑用耐火材料的研究进展

全氧燃烧熔窑可节约燃料,减少NOx排放,降低对环境的污染,提高玻璃质量,提高火焰温度、熔窑熔化能力及熔窑产量,适当降低熔窑建设费用,提高熔窑使用寿命。优质浮法玻璃和高附加值特种玻璃也要求采用更为先进的燃烧工艺和玻璃熔制工艺。分析了全氧窑内大量碱蒸汽和水蒸汽的增加对胸墙、池壁、大碹等关键部位耐火材料的侵蚀及全氧熔窑耐火材料的选材,对600t·d^-1浮法玻璃熔窑耐火材料的使用进行对比分析,并对全氧玻璃熔窑用耐火材料的现状进行了论述及前景进行了展望。     

平炉精炼包冶炼工艺与耐火材料的应用

以平炉用精炼包冶炼工艺参数为依据，分析了ＬＦ精炼包渣线用镁炭砖蚀损的主要因素；提出改进镁炭砖用结合剂、添加高活性的合金粉、提高镁砂的ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比和加入合成原料等措施，提高镁炭砖的抗氧化性和抗法侵蚀性能，从而满足了平炉用精炼包冶炼工艺用耐火材料的要求。     

Slag resistance of refractories in the lining of an arc steel melting furnace

The interaction of refractories of various grades with liquid slags whose samples were taken in different stages of melting from an electric furnace are investigated by wetting for temperatures ranging from 20 to 1550°C. The compositions of the slags differed in the CaO/SiO₂ proportion and the content of chromium oxide. It has been established that the olivinite refractory has advantages under the conditions of electric melting, which seems to be explainable by its chemical composition and specific pore structure. The results of the investigation were used to develop compositions of gunite powders for torch guniting of linings of the slag belt of an arc steel melting furnace. Translated from Ogneupory, No. 9, pp. 18 – 20, September, 1995.     

闪速炉用镁铬砖的研制与应用

简要介绍了闪速炉用耐火材料国产化工作的现状 ,阐述了闪速炉用镁铬砖的研制、使用和损毁情况。认为现在完全可以实现闪速炉用耐火材料的国产化     

我国高炉用耐火材料的进展

结合高炉炉身、炉缸、炉底、风口和出铁沟的工作条件,阐述了相应部位用耐火材料的发展进程。     

高炉用耐火材料的发展

结合当前国内外高炉对耐火材料的要求，概述了高炉炉身、炉腰、炉腹、炉缸用耐火材料的发展状况。     

Service of refractories in a blast furnace shaft

Conclusions The destruction of the refractory structure of a blast furnace depends on the properties of the refractory, the system of cooling the lining, the furnace operating cycle, the action of alkalis, primary slags, zincite, and sooty carbon, the running of the furnace, the thermal stresses in the structure, abrasion of the batch, and other factors.To increase the life of the shaft lining in a blast furnace it is necessary to use dense, high-fired brick for the structure, prepared on the basis of high-grade kaolin raw materials with the minimum content of fluxing oxides; to use the best system of cooling the shaft; and to stabilize the blast furnace working cycle, especially during the first period of operation after the blow right up to complete drying-out of the refractory structure.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 28–37, July, 1968.     

铝合金熔化炉熔池内衬刚玉瘤成因及对策

铝合金熔化炉熔池内衬刚玉瘤的形成与扩展是熔池内衬耐火材料破损的重要原因.铝合金熔化炉熔池内衬耐火浇注料和刚玉瘤的化学分析结果显示,刚玉瘤中Al2O3的质量分数为94％,远高于原浇注料的61.0％.分析认为,铝及其合金元素与耐火材料间的化学反应,铝液液面的氧化反应,炉内温度过高是刚玉瘤形成的原因,而且冶炼过程中加入的助熔剂或清渣剂加速了对内衬耐火材料的渗透.据此提出了降低刚玉瘤形成及减轻内衬损毁的对策.