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用GC/MS和FTIR技术结合气相色谱外标定量分析方法,对神府煤甲醇萃取物进行了定性和定量分析,讨论了神府煤甲醇萃取物的化学组成及其结构特征.结果显示,神府煤甲醇萃取物的GC/MS可测组分主要由多环芳烃和含氧化合物组成,其中芳烃以2~3环的烷基取代稠环芳烃为主,含氧化合物中以酮类和酯类化合物居多;结果还检测到种类较多的含氮化合物和少量的含硫、磷、氯的化合物.GC/MS不可测组分的IR分析显示,其中主要官能团有各类羟基、羰基、芳环和亚甲基、甲基等,表明其中可能存在分子量较大的稠环芳香族或其酚、酸、酮、酯类及烷基衍生物的化合物. 相似文献
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在超声辐射下用等体积的水萃取了稻壳生物油,离心分离后得到水溶物,并对水溶物依次用石油醚、CS2、CCl4、氯仿和丙酮进行萃取,分析发现得到的丙酮萃取物(E0)萃取率很高,但在气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)上不显示化合物信息。为提高E0的利用效率,以TiO2作为催化剂,考察了温和条件下该生物油水溶组分丙酮萃取物的光催化氧化反应。通过活性炭吸附从反应混合物中分离了有机成分并依次用石油醚和丙酮萃取,得到萃取物1和2(E1和E2),继而用GC/MS分析了E1和E2。结果表明,在E1和E2中检测到大量的酚类、酸类、酮类和酯类等含氧化合物,且多为羟基和烷氧基取代物,这对生物油的高效利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
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以神府煤和攀枝花煤为对象进行煤微波辅助抽提研究,所用溶剂有甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸、四氢呋喃、乙二胺和DMF等.结果表明,前四种溶剂对攀枝花煤的抽提率较高,后三种溶剂对神府煤的抽提率较高,其中乙二胺对神府煤的抽提率可达70.76%.抽提残煤的元素分析、官能团测定及FT-IR分析表明,各残煤H/C和O/C比略有降低而N/C明显升高;含氧官能团含量较脱灰煤有所增加,总酸性基及羟基含量提高;另外,利用GC/MS检测脱灰神府煤四氢呋喃抽提物,正己烷可溶物含较多的脂肪烷烃,甲苯可溶物中则含各种芳香族化合物,四氢呋喃可溶物中只检测到一种含氧杂原子化合物. 相似文献
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神府东胜煤CS2萃取物组成分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
采用溶剂萃取、色-质联用和色-红联用结合色谱保留值的定性方法,分析研究了神府东胜煤CS2萃取物的化学成分和结构,鉴定出120多种化合物,并对所鉴定出的单个化合物进行了定量分析,讨论了神府东胜煤CS2萃取物化学成分的结构特征.结果表明:萃取物主要由脂肪烃、芳烃和极性化合物三类成分组成.芳烃含量在萃取物中占绝对优势,且主要为1-4环的烷基取代芳烃.脂肪烃除主要成分正构烷烃外,还有少量的类异戊二烯烃和萜烷,极性化合物所占的比例很小,以含氧化合物为主. 相似文献
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平朔煤CS2萃取物GC/MS分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
采用溶剂萃取和色 -质联用结合色谱保留值的定性方法 ,分析研究了平朔煤 CS2 萃取物的化学组成 ,鉴定出 1 80多种化合物 ,并对鉴定出的单个化合物进行了定量分析 ;讨论了平朔煤CS2 萃取物化学成分的结构特征 .结果表明 :萃取物主要由脂肪烃、芳烃和极性化合物三类成分组成 ;芳烃含量在萃取物中占绝对优势 ,且主要为 2 - 4环的烷基取代芳烃 ;脂肪烃除主要成分正构烷烃外 ,还有少量的类异戊二烯烃和萜烷 ;极性化合物所占的比例很小 ,并首次在煤中发现邻二氯苯 . 相似文献
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It is shown that using transition metals, especially Mn(II) and Ag(I), during ozonation of humic substances in water allows important reductions in the content of organic matter. Characterization of the organic compounds resulting from ozonation was made by concentrating the sample through liquid-liquid extraction or derivation with PFBOA.HCl, along with the GC/MS and GC/ECD techniques. In total, 110 different organic compounds were identified using GC/MS; mainly carboxylic acids, aromatics, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, and furan-carboxylic acids. The percentages of elimination or formation levels reached during ozonation are discussed. 相似文献
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Dagang vacuum residue (DVR) was ultrasonically extracted with fifteen organic solvents, respectively, and the soluble fractions (SFs) were analyzed with GC/MS. The results show that DVR tends to dissolve in non-polar solvent and that most of GC/MS-detectable components in the SFs are saturated hydrocarbons. 相似文献
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Jan Mosio-Mosiewski Marek Warzala Ireneusz Morawski Tadeusz Dobrzanski 《Fuel Processing Technology》2007
The thermal cracking and catalytic cracking processes of low-density polyethylene were studied in a closed autoclave. The compositions of gaseous and liquid products were analysed by means of GC/FID and GS/MS chromatographic methods. The fractional composition of liquid products was found by distillation. Increased temperature of PE depolymerisation process increases the production of gaseous products and low-boiling liquid compounds; more aromatic hydrocarbons are formed instead of alkenes. When a lower temperature and longer time are adopted for the process to reach the assumed conversion, more straight chained hydrocarbons are produced. The acidic aluminosilicate catalyst yields more low-boiling liquid fractions, more isoalkanes and more aromatics. The neutral alumina is favourable for the production of alkenes and vacuum gas oil fraction in comparison to a non-catalytic process. The Ni–Mo/Al2O3 catalyst is efficient in hydrogenation of depolymerisation products. The reaction products contain only saturated compounds then and no aromatics are formed. 相似文献
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《Fuel Processing Technology》2005,86(4):407-418
In this study, the compounds in the liquid phases produced from the liquefaction of the lignocellulosic material have been investigated. For this purpose, liquid phases obtained from liquefaction of cotton stalk and cellulose and paper plant solid waste treated with aqueous acetic acid (HAc) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (15% by mass) at high initial inert gas pressure and high temperature were selected for the analyses. Phenolic compounds, cyclic compounds, unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons and other compounds (benzoquinone, aliphatic alcohols) and furans were identified by TLC, GC and GC/MS equipped with capillary column. It was concluded that lignocellulosic substances were converted into various water-soluble compounds in the liquefaction processes. Furans and cyclic ketones may be cyclization products of dicarbonyl intermediates formed by aldol condensation reaction of low-molecular mass compounds formed from degradation products of the initial stages of liquefaction. 相似文献
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建立了顶空静态进样GC-MS快速分析北柴胡果实挥发性成分的方法。选择北柴胡果实,采用顶空静态提取的方法,提取物直接经气相色谱-质谱分析,以NIST数据库检索化合物的结构,以峰面积归一化法测定各挥发性成分的相对含量。结果表明:顶空加热提取挥发性成分经GC-MS分析,鉴定柴胡果实中36个挥发性化学成分,主要挥发性成分为1-甲基-5-亚甲基-8-(1-甲乙基)-1,6-环癸二烯(36.04%),3.7-二甲基-1,3,6-辛三烯(14.77%),2-乙基呋喃(4.42%)。顶空静态进样结合GC-MS定性分析能够快速建立柴胡果实的低温易挥发性成分GC-MS表征体系。 相似文献