HDDR处理的Sm2Fe16Ti1Nx化合物高能球磨的研究

在用HDDR法制备Sm2Fe16Ti1Nx氮化物过程中,研究了高能球磨对氮化物粉末的形貌、物相结构及磁性能的影响.发现高能球磨Sm2Fe16Ti1Nx氮化物使粉末颗粒细化的过程可描述为大粉末颗粒→压延成层片状→断裂成短棒状及球形颗粒→压延成层片状→断裂成球形小颗粒,并在球磨一定时间后使粉末中的Sm2(FeTi)17Nx主相完全非晶化,α-Fe含量增高且没有非晶化.球磨后粉末的矫顽力随着球磨时间的延长而降低,而剩磁在球磨短时间时降低,再延长球磨时间又增高,在球磨较长时间到Sm2(FeTi)17Nx主相完全非晶化后又使剩磁降低,最高磁场下的磁化强度值则随着球磨时间的延长而增加.手研磨后粉末的矫顽力随研磨时间的延长而逐渐升高而剩磁及最高场下磁化强度值变化不大.     

Sm3(Fe,Ti)29Nx/α-Fe双相纳米磁性材料的微结构与磁性能

研究了熔体快淬工艺及添加元素Ti对Sm-Fe合金相的形成及结构的影响,成功制备了Sm3(Fe,Ti)29Nx/α-Fe双相纳米耦合永磁材料.研究发现,快淬薄带由Sm3(Fe,Ti)29和α-Fe两相组成,晶化前在纳米晶周围存在部分非晶相,晶化后的晶粒间晶界平直光滑、且晶粒间结合紧密没有界面相,为晶粒间直接接触耦合.对甩带后的样品采用750℃保温10min的晶化退火得到的颗粒比较细小且均匀.氮化磁粉磁滞回线的第二象限没有出现明显的台阶,表现为单相永磁材料的特点,说明硬磁相Sm3(Fe,Ti)29Nx与软磁相α-Fe晶粒之间的交换耦合作用已形成.     

PM法制备Sm2Fe17Nx永磁材料最佳工艺的研究

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了各向异性Sm2Fe17Nx永磁粉末.重点考查了工艺参数对Sm2Fe17合金的显微组织及Sm2Fe17Nx粉末磁特性的影响.结果表明,铸态合金的均匀化、粉末的氮化以及粉碎过程是获得高性能磁粉的关键因素.采用优化工艺条件制备的磁粉的磁特性为Jr=1.24T,iHc=756kA/m,(BH)max=220kJ/m3.     

Nd13Fe80.1-xTixB6.5Zr0.1Cu0.3永磁合金磁性能研究

HDDR(氢化-歧化-脱氢-再结合)工艺是制备各向异性Nd2Fe14B基磁粉的有效方法.主要研究了改进的d-HDDR工艺及添加合金元素Ti对Nd13Fe80.1-xTixB6.5Zr0.1Cu0.3(x=0、1.0、2.0)合金磁性能的影响规律.结果表明,d-HDDR工艺中吸氢氢压和歧化时间是促使材料产生磁各向异性的#合金经d-HDDR工艺处理,其最佳磁性能为:Br=1.39T;iHc=1006kA/m;(BH)max=169.66kJ/m3;DOA=0.797.关键;合金元素Ti使NdFeB合金矫顽力显著提高,其作用主要体现在两方面:一方面是在晶界间形成低熔物,抑制晶粒长大、细化晶粒,改善富Nd相的组织结构,使富Nd相沿边界更加均匀地分布;另外,Ti元素使Nd2Fe14B晶界平直而清晰,主相晶粒表面各向异性提高,反磁化畴难以形核,从而使矫顽力提高,其最佳添加量为1.0%(原子分数).成分为Nd13Fe79.1Ti1.0B6.5Zr0.1Cu0.3 的2#合金经d-HDDR工艺处理,其最佳磁性能为:"Br=1.39T;iHc=1006kA/m;(BH)max=169.66kJ/m3;DOA=0.797.     

纳米晶Sm_2Co_(17)型块体永磁的制备及磁性能

制备了两种2∶17R型Sm-Co合金:Sm2(Fe,Cu,Zr,Co)17和纯二元Sm2Co17,并利用高能球磨和放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备了致密的纳米晶块体合金,研究了其磁性能和相结构的变化。Sm2(Fe,Cu,Zr,Co)17具有较高的矫顽力,而纯二元Sm2Co17矫顽力基本为零。但高能球磨可快速降低Sm2(Fe,Cu,Zr,Co)17合金的矫顽力。利用放电等离子烧结非晶粉末制备了纳米晶块体合金,纯二元Sm2Co17合金具有较高的矫顽力,并且具有1∶7H相结构。而Sm2(Fe,Cu,Zr,Co)17合金则因为Fe-Co相及Sm2O3相的析出,具有较高的饱和磁化强度和极低的矫顽力。     

非晶Sm5Fe74.3Nb1.5Si11.7B4.5C2.5Cu0.5合金经预退火后的晶化动力学的DTA研究

研究了非晶Sm5Fe74.3Nb1.5Si11.7B4.5C2.5Cu0.5合金经400℃，保温10min预退火后的晶化动力学。结果表明；该合金的晶化相为α-Fe固溶体和Sm2Fe17Cx金属间化合物，两相的晶化表观激活能分别为557KJ/mol和514KJ/mol，当晶化体积分数为60%时，α-Fe相的晶化激活能达极大值；Sm2Fe17Cx相晶化激活能则随其晶化体积分数的增加而逐渐减小。     

含Ti和C的纳米复合Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe磁体研究EI北大核心

研究Ti和C添加对Nd9.4Fe79.6B11合金磁性能的影响规律。结果表明:Ti和C联合添加能够在不降低合金剩磁的情况下显著提高合金的矫顽力,最佳工艺条件下制备出的Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5合金薄带的剩磁Br=0.91T,矫顽力Hcj=975.6kA/m,磁能积(BH)max=135.4kJ/m3。在磁体密度为6.1g/cm3时,黏结Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5磁体剩磁Br=0.68T,内禀矫顽力Hcj=975kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max=76 kJ/m3,性能和MQ-D磁粉制备的黏结磁体性能相当,具有低价位高性能的特点。     

含Ti和C的纳米复合Nd2Fe14B／α—Fe磁体研究

研究Ti和C添加对Nd9.4Fe79.6B11合金磁性能的影响规律。结果表明:Ti和C联合添加能够在不降低合金剩磁的情况下显著提高合金的矫顽力,最佳工艺条件下制备出的Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5合金薄带的剩磁Br=0.91T,矫顽力Hcj=975.6kA/m,磁能积(BH)max=135.4kJ/m3。在磁体密度为6.1g/cm3时,黏结Nd9.4Fe75.6Ti4B10.5C0.5磁体剩磁Br=0.68T,内禀矫顽力Hcj=975kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max=76 kJ/m3,性能和MQ-D磁粉制备的黏结磁体性能相当,具有低价位高性能的特点。     

氮化前显微组织对SmFeN合金磁性能的影响

本文研究了Sm含量,凝固速度及Nb和Zr元素的添加对Sm-Fe合金微观组织及氮化后Sm2Fei7Nx合金磁性能的影响.研究结果表明:采用真空感应炉熔炼Sm-Fe合金,当Sm的补偿量大于10wt%时,合金铸锭组织中出现大量的富Sm相,这将导致氮化后磁体磁性能的恶化;提高铸锭的冷却速度及添加Nb和Zr等元素可以有效地细化铸锭中α-Fe相的晶粒,减少均匀化退火后α-Fe相的数量,提高磁性能.     

B掺杂对SmFe_(10)Mo_2合金的结构及磁性的影响

用电弧熔炼法制备Sm Fe10Mo2及Sm Fe10Mo1.5B0.5母合金锭,将其均匀化退火后用球磨法制备Sm Fe10Mo1.5B0.5纳米晶合金粉末,研究了B掺杂对Sm Fe10Mo2块体合金和球磨对Sm Fe10Mo1.5B0.5纳米粉末的相结构和磁性的影响。结果表明,B掺杂后合金的Th Mn12相结构不变,居里温度由270℃提高到334℃;合金成分不均匀导致热磁曲线出现两个相变点。Sm Fe10Mo1.5B0.5合金经球磨处理0.5 h后Mo大量析出,1∶12相明显减少;随着球磨时间的增加α-Fe析出并形成非磁性的Mo2Fe B2相,使内禀矫顽力明显减小,且其饱和磁化强度随着球磨时间的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势。球磨0.5 h的纳米合金粉末永磁磁性能最佳:Ms=55Am2/kg,iHc=0.2T。     

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Sm_3(Fe,Ti)_(29) and Sm_3(Fe,Ti)_(29)X_y (X=H, N) Compounds

1. IntroductionRecelltly new intermetallic compounds NdZ(Fe,Ti)lo and RZ(Feo.91Vo.og)19 (R=Y, Nd, Sin, Gd) werediscovered by Collocott et al.II] and Shcherbakovaat al.IZ], respectively. The crystal structure of thesenew phases has been identified to be Nd3(Fe, Ti)29type structure using X-ray diffraction by Li et al.I3].Among them, the Sin3(Fe,Ti)29N. compound exhibitsstrong uniaxial anisotropy' and its saturation magnetization is very close to that of S.,Fe,,N;'] compound.The hydr…     

Sm3(Fe,Co,Ti)29合金HD和HDDR处理研究

深入研究了合金Sm3Fe18.5Co9Ti1.5的HD和HDDR处理过程.HD过程分别于350、400和450℃处理4h;HDDR过程于800℃处理2h.试验发现HD和HDDR法均可有效的对合金进行破碎处理,HDDR法由于其形核长大机制可有效的用于制备纳米晶复合材料;350℃时HD法可以有效的进行,随着温度的升高试样发生分解反应.给出了HD及HDDR处理后合金所表现的典型形貌.     

Hydrogen as a working atmosphere for manufacturing permanent magnets based on rare-earth metals

The phase compositions and magnetic properties of permanents magnets of the systems Sm – Co and Nd – Fe – B are analyzed. Features of the hydrogenation–disproportionation–desorption–recombination (HDDR) process in the Nd₂ Fe₁₄ B intermetallic are considered. Using the Dd – Fe – B system as an example, we assess stages of manufacture of commercial permanent magnets and show the prospect of using hydrogen as a working atmosphere for the manufacture of magnetic powder. It is established that the HDDR of Dd – Fe – B alloys leads to their homogenization, grain refinement to a grain size of 0.2 to 0.5 μm, and an increase in the volume content of the main ferromagnetic phase Dd₂ Fe₁₄ B. By optimizing such a treatment, we managed to increase the magnetic energy (by 10%) and the lift force (by 25 – 27%) of Dd – Fe – B commercial permanent magnets.     

57Fe Mossbauer effect studies of Sm2Fe17 under different heat treatment conditions

Room-temperature 57Fe Mossbauer spectra have been measured in Sm2Fe17 under different heat treatment conditions. The details of fitting these spectra is exhaustively discussed. The spectra of Sm2Fe17 are split into seven inequivalent magnetic sites. An identical result was obtained by using two fitting modes. The following has been indicated from the results for all samples. Firstly for these samples containing α-Fe sextets and paramagnetic doublets, by choosing an appropriate annealing system, the smallest amount of impurities might be obtained, i.e. an approximately single-phase Sm2Fe17 compound was obtained. Secondly the overall weighted average fields were all approximately equal. This was thought to arise because the different heat treatment conditions caused no change in the near-neighbour coordination of iron atoms. Thirdly the 6c site and 18 h site had the largest and the smallest hyperfine fields, respectively. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Characterization and optimization of the coercivity-modifying nitrogenation and re-calcination process for strontium hexaferrite powder synthesized conventionally

Strontium hexaferrite powder synthesized conventionally in-house from strontium carbonate and hematite (Fe2O3) without using additives has been treated in a static nitrogen atmosphere and subsequently calcined in static air. The phase identification studies by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal magnetic analysis (TMA) indicated the decomposition of the strontium hexaferrite and the reduction of the resultant iron oxide (Fe2O3) during the reaction with nitrogen. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) studies show that the reduction occurring during nitrogenation results in the conversion of some of the large grains into much finer sub-grains. Strontium hexaferrite, Fe3O4, and Sr7Fe10O22 were the main phases obtained after reduction. However, weak traces of other phases, such as Fe2O3, were also detected. The hexaferrite phase re-formed on subsequent calcination. The magnetic measurements indicated a significant decrease in the intrinsic coercivity during nitrogenation due to the formation of Fe3O4. However, after a re-calcination process, the remanence and maximum magnetization (i.e., magnetization at 1100 kA/m) exhibited values close to the initial values before treatment, but the value of the intrinsic coercivity was higher than that prior to nitrogenation. Examination of the re-calcined microstructure showed that this could be attributed to the fine grains that originated from the fine sub-grain structures formed in the powder particles during nitrogenation.The optimum time, initial gas pressure, and temperature of nitrogenation and the optimum temperature of re-calcination were investigated using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), XRD, and HRSEM. The optimum temperature for nitrogenation was 950 and 1000 °C for re-calcination. The optimum time and initial nitrogen pressure were 5 h and 1 bar, respectively. The highest intrinsic coercivity obtained after re-calcination was 340 kA/m.     

Comparative investigation of the nitrogenation mechanisms of bulk intermetallic Sm2(Fe,Co)17 by two processes

The nitrogenation mechanisms of the Sm₂(Fe_0.5Co_0.5)₁₇ compound were investigated on bulk samples using X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. Two nitrogenation processes (fluidized bed nitrogenation (FBN) and gaseous nitrogenation (GN)) were used in order to compare the different steps occurring during the treatment. The fluidized bed process leads to a constant nitrogen surface concentration after one hour treatment while the concentration increases continuously with the gaseous process. The overall bulk nitrogenation kinetics is parabolic for the fluidized bed, whereas the gaseous nitrogenation exhibits first an incubation period followed by an accelerated rate. Two different mechanisms, bulk diffusion for the FBN process and an interface reaction for the GN process, govern the nitrogenation kinetics.     

Ce2Fe16.5Co0.5合金的磁熵变研究

在氩保护气氛中用熔炼法制备了 Ce2Fe16.5Co0.5合金,通过粉末 X射线衍射和 SQUID 磁强计研究了样品的结构和磁熵变。结果表明 Ce2Fe16.5 Co0.5合金具有菱方Th2Zn17型结构,且存在不同组分的2个相,主相Ce2(Fe,Co)17和次相 Ce(Fe,Co)7。在 242~285K宽温区出现一个磁熵变平台,从而能够满足磁Ericsson型磁致冷机的要求,这对实际磁致冷应用具有现实意义。     

Microstructural evolution of Fe/Ti multilayers submitted to in situ thermal annealing

The Fe/Ti multilayers of nominal bilayer thickness of 4.0, 8.0 and 18.0 nm with alternating Fe and Ti sublayers thickness ratio of 1:1 were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering on Si(100) substrates. The bilayer thickness of as-deposited Fe/Ti multilayers was measured as a modulation wavelength of 4.8, 8.5 and 19.0 nm, respectively, by small angle X-ray diffraction and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). The three Fe/Ti multilayers were composed of pure metallic -Fe and -Ti according to wide angle X-ray diffraction and selected area diffraction. The Fe/Ti multilayers were in situ submitted to thermal vacuum annealing at the temperatures ranging from 523 K to 723 K for the annealing time of 3 h. With annealing at the lower temperature of 523 K, the intermetallic FeTi appeared in the Fe/Ti multilayers with small modulation wavelength of 4.8 nm. At 623 K, the intermetallic FeTi was formed with modulation wavelength of 8.5 nm. At the higher temperature of 723 K, the intermetallic FeTi was detected with modulation wavelength of 19.0 nm. The modulation wavelength of the Fe/Ti multilayers remained during the thermal annealing. The mixture of intermetallic FeTi and -Fe phase was observed in the extended Fe sublayer of the Fe/Ti multilayers annealed at 723 K by XTEM, correspondingly the remaining Ti sublayer was obtained as a thinned sublayer. Coexistence of the intermetallic FeTi, -Fe and -Ti phases indicated that the dynamic factors have control of the intermixing between the Fe and Ti sublayers in the Fe/Ti multilayers during the thermal annealing.     

金属元素掺杂α-Fe(N)体系的电子结构及力学性能的第一性原理计算

基于第一性原理研究 M(M =Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Co和Ni)掺杂α-Fe(N)的结合能、电子结构及力学性能。计算结果表明,Ti和V优先占据晶胞的顶角位置,Cr和Mn优先占据晶胞的体心位置,Co和Ni与N不相邻时结构最稳定。Ti与V的掺杂加强了晶胞的稳定性,Cr, Mn与Ni的掺杂削弱了晶胞的稳定性,Co的掺杂不影响晶胞的稳定性。这些过渡金属在α-Fe晶胞中均存在金属键和离子键的共同作用,成键轨道主要来自 M 3d, Fe4s3p3d与N2p。与纯α-Fe体系相比,掺杂体系刚性均变强,经计算可得α-Fe(N)-V体系的弹性模量 E 、剪切模量 G 和体积模量 B 均为最大值,即掺杂V可显著提高材料的力学性能,V是最有效的固氮元素,与高氮钢冶炼的实验结果相吻合。     

Hard Magnetic Properties of Sm-Fe-C Based Alloys Prepared by Mechanical Alloying

1. IntroductionHigh performance of hard magnet depends sensitively on illtrinsic magnetic properties of intermetallics, microstructure and compositions of allOys. NdzFel'C compound has outstanding intrinsic magnetic properties close to those of NdZFe14Bcompoundll]. SmZFe14C has an anisotropy easy phasewhich is not favorable for preparing the hard magnets.Illtroduction of illterstitial carbon atoms into SmZFe17compound with ThZZnl7-type structure results in adramatic enhancemellt of hard…