基于IEEE802.3af的以太网供电技术(PoE)

对基于IEEE802.3af以太网供电工业标准的以太网供电系统(PoE)的工作原理进行了详细的介绍,并简单介绍了以太网供电技术标准制定方面的一些新进展。     

机械制造业关键工序质量控制

质量是企业的生命。特别是机械制造业，质量控制的重要性直接反映在使用性能、使用寿命、使用效率、安全和经济性上。现将机械制造业几个关键环节的质量控制分析如下，供相关行业共同探讨。     

Mobile reconfigurable manufacturing unit for drilling and milling operations

A fraction of the customers demands variants of mass produced parts with minor changes, for example notches. Both the changes and the lot sizes are previously unknown. The mass production of semi-finished parts with variants is impossible under these circumstances. The manufacturers of the parts have also limited possibilities to use metal cutting machine tools at changing places in complex production systems. Therefore the Institute for Machine Tools designed and built a mobile reconfigurable manufacturing unit for drilling and milling operations. This paper discusses the units design, the static and dynamic properties, and the results of exemplary manufacturing tests.     

制造运行管理(MOM)研究与应用综述

详细论述了制造运行管理(MOM)的产生及其与制造执行系统(MES)之间的关系,介绍了制造运行管理的概念、范围、整体结构、信息交互及基础信息资源定义,描述了MOM通用活动模型的框架与使用.在此基础上,综述了基于MOM框架的研究与应用现状.最后,探讨了MOM的未来发展趋势和进一步研究方向.     

Optimal strip sequencing strategies for flexible manufacturing operations in two and three dimensions

In this paper, optimal strip strategies are developed for a variety of two-dimensional and three-dimensional sequencing problems arising in flexible manufacturing. These strategies are appropriate for CNC drilling operations, NC punching operations, and circuit board population, for example. Seven different metrics are considered.     

A queueing model for a two-stage stochastic manufacturing system with overlapping operations

This paper presents analytical expressions for estimating average process batch flow times through a stochastic manufacturing system with overlapping operations. It is shown that the traditional queueing methodology cannot be directly applied to this setting, as the use of the overlapping operations principle causes the arrival process of sublots at the second stage to be a non-renewal process. An embedded queueing model is then proposed, which provides a tool to estimate the flow time reductions caused by the use of overlapping operations. Moreover, we provide expressions to estimate the production disruptions occurring at the second stage. The results of our research confirm the general intuition that the overlapping operations principle leads to less congestion, and hence a smoother flow of work through the system. On the other hand however, lot splitting inevitably requires more material handling on the shop floor. The expressions provided in this paper allow the quantification of the trade-off between these two effects, e.g., by gauging them within the scope of a cost model.     

基于Ethernet/IP信息化控制系统展望

阐述了Ethernet/IP、NetLinx网络架构并对CIP协议作以介绍,通过与目前市场上已发布的工业以太网总线技术比较,阐明了Ethernet/IP系统的特点和优势所在.提出Ethernet/IP系统实现技术及网络架构设计方法,分析了工业以太网技术蓬勃发展的深刻动力及其与工厂信息化的关系.     

DSP／BIOS在以太网通信节点中的应用

针对国内变电站自动化系统设备互操作性不足、实时性和可靠性不高等问题,论述了基于DSP/BIOS软件平台的嵌入式以太网在变电站通信系统中的应用.对基于IEC61850标准的变电站自动化系统功能分层进行了分析,给出了间隔层保护监控设备通信插件的硬件方案.在此基础上,阐述了通信插件软件功能模块的线程选择,分析了变电站通信协议模型,并在DSP/BIOS下实现精简的TCP/IP协议,最后对DSP/BIOS内核开销作了估算.结果表明:DSP/BIOS内核本身占用资源少,能够满足变电站通信系统的数据传输量大、实时性高等要求.     

Ethernet/IP在工业实时控制中应用的研究

对Ethernet/IP的协议结构进行了介绍并对其特点进行了总结，对以太网应用于工业控制中关键的实时性分析也作了详细阐述。最后分析了当前基于Ethernet/IP的技术产品及其应用前景。     

基于Modbus/TCP的工业以太网通信

Modbus／TCP协议是Modbus协议族在工业以太网上的解决方案。本文介绍了Modbus TCP协议的主要内容，同时介绍Ethernet的通信过程和特点。提出了采用Modbus协议、TCP／IP协议和Ethernet的网络模型用于工业控制网络。     

A resource-oriented tolerance representation scheme for the planning of robotic machine tending operations in automated manufacturing systems

In this paper, we define a representation for tolerances associated with robotic machine tending operations. The intent of the representation and analysis presented in the paper is to assess whether a robotic material handler is capable of holding the accuracies required for loading and unloading a machine. This representation and analysis, therefore, provides the basis of a process planning system for robotic operations. This representation is critical for flexible and automated manufacturing because it enables automatic planning of unload and load operations from and to machining centers that are required for discrete part manufacturing. Planners can use this representation along with the specified tolerance criteria to conservatively assess if a given robot resource is capable of using a specific gripper to unload or load a given part from a given fixture on a machining center. For a new part, this assessment allows an automatic material handling operations planner to determine if reconfiguration or procurement of resources is required for the material handing of the new part or if simple reprogramming of the robot and machine resources is sufficient. Also, this representation helps providing flexibility to the manufacturing system control software in the case of the addition of a new machine to the manufacturing system. In this case, the new resource data would be input into the resource model, and the decision on the machine tending operations (loading or unloading) would be carried out in the same manner. This representation was tested successfully using an automatic operations planner at The Pennsylvania State University’s Factory for Advanced Manufacturing Education (FAME) lab.     

基于DSP的CAN总线与以太网互联系统研制

目前,实现由CAN总线设备构成的现场网络与由以太网构成的企业管理网络之间的信息共享已成为工业控制领域的趋势,所以本文介绍了一种基于TMS320F2812的CAN总线与以太网互联系统的设计方法,通过该系统可实现CAN总线与网的互连.本文给出了系统各组成部分的硬件及软件的设计与实现,并对互联的准确性、应用效果进行了验证和分析.控分采用TI公司的TMS320F2812,以太网接口模块控制芯片采用Reahek公司的RTL8019AS,CAN总线接口模块采用,TI公SN65HVIY230,硬件电路各模块的设计还包括存储器扩展、电源电路、复位电路、串口通信模块、JTAG仿真口模块等.本系件分三大模块:RTL8019AS驱动程序、TCP/IP协议移植、CAN通信程序.系统在测试中达到预期的效果.     

Ethernet／IP通信适配器的设计与实现

针对工业现场数据的网络化传输,本文构建了工业以太网EtherNet/IP通信适配器的硬件系统.开发了该通信适配器的Boot Loader和I/O接口驱动程序等底层软件;并在EADK软件平台上编写了该通信适配器的应用程序;另外,借助EIPScan软件、EDITF软件、ControlLogix PLC和PCU-ETHIO EtherNet/IP扫描器等工具对该通信适配器进行了完整的通信测试,并在上海交大罗克韦尔实验窒的工业网络设备系统巾进行了互操作性测试;结果表明该Ethemet/IP通信适配器在数据传输的实时性、稳定性、可靠性等方面有良好的性能,应用前景广阔.     

基于加工特征和制造资源约束的CAD/CAPP研究

针对齿轮箱类零件的快速设计与制造,建立了制造资源管理模块,通过加工能力约束文件将制造资源与可加工特征类型及范围对应起来,设计开发了基于加工特征建模的CAD模块和基于制造资源约束的CAPP模块。基于加工特征的建模方式使得CAD与CAPP得以无缝集成,而加工能力约束文件则为CAD/CAPP集成系统提供了实时反映底层制造能力的结构设计和工艺设计约束,从而保证了设计和工艺的可制造性。     

基于Ethernet/IP协议智能节点的开发

为了借助Ethernet/IP协议的优势改善工业网络控制系统的性能,必须实现智能节点的网络通信功能.对Ethernet/IP网络进行数据采集,并分析了RSlinx与Flex 1/0,Networx与Flex I/O,Control1Net与Flex 1/0的报文.在此基础上,提出了智能节点的开发要点和实现过程,给出节点实现的软件流程图.实验结果表明:所开发的智能节点具备了网络通信功能.     

基于嵌入式Lunix的CAN总线与以太网互联网关的设计

设计了一种基于32位微控翻器s3c2410的CAN-以太网互联网关.给出了ARM处理器s3c2410与CAN总线通信芯片MCP2510、以太网通信芯片RTL8019as的硬件接口方法及CAN总线到以太网的双向通信软件实现方法.     

基于以太网的自动化仓库设备监控协议的设计

分析了自动化仓库设备堆垛机的监控要求及其工作状态的变化过程,设计了基于以太网的自动化仓库设备监控协议。该协议可实现设备故障再启动后自动恢复执行的功能。现场应用表明该设计提高了监控系统的自动化程度。所述的设备监控协议可扩展应用于多操作步骤的生产设备监控系统。     

Evaluating human/machine interaction problems in advanced manufacturing

This paper describes a cross-disciplinary research project called ‘Humanufacturing’. In the project, theoretical models for operator roles and human behaviour levels have been combined to evaluate human/machine interaction in modern manufacturing systems. A data collection method, used for case studies in Swedish industry, is described. Also, a prototype decision-support tool based on expert system technology is presented. The conclusion is that theoretical models, previously used in continuous process industry, appear also to be useful in discrete parts manufacturing. Methods used seem to be industrially applicable, and have resulted in specifications for operator training, decision support and education.     

云制造环境中的虚拟制造单元

为实现云制造环境下制造资源的灵活配置和制造能力的按需匹配,提出云制造环境中的虚拟制造单元（VMU-CM）和云制造环境中的虚拟制造中心（VMC-CM）,基于VMC-CM给出了产品的制造过程。对云制造环境下制造资源、制造能力的特点进行分析,对制造资源和制造能力进行具体分类,给出了VMU-CM的结构和构造流程,根据制造任务设定VMU-CM的信息,构造从事各类制造活动的VMU-CM。通过生产过程、组织结构和对外服务信息,将各类VMU-CM整合起来构建VMC-CM。将VMC-CM的制造能力信息封装为制造服务接入制造服务中心,实现了＂制造资源—制造能力—制造服务＂的制造资源虚拟化过程。通过VMU-CM和VMC-CM的部分理论在面向集团企业的云制造平台的制造能力标准制定和制造服务中心构建中的应用,证明了所提理论的可行性。     

MRO支持技术研究

为支持预测性维修为主的综合维修模式,从产品全生命周期管理角度出发,研究了产品生命中期阶段维护、维修和大修支持系统总体框架以及维护、维修和大修支持技术体系.在总结维修服务系统发展历程的基础上,分析了维护、维修和大修服务管理需求,给出了维护、维修和大修支持系统总体框架和支持技术体系.最后,阐述了维护、维修和大修支持技术体系各个部分的核心技术.