掺杂氧化锌晶须的聚氨酯涂料抗静电性能研究

针对目前高分子抗静电材料制备过程中,存在因氧化锌晶须电阻率较高导致的氧化锌晶须添加量过大和抗静电效果较差等问题,采用新的铝掺杂方法,显著地降低了氧化锌晶须的本体电阻率,研究了铝掺杂对氧化锌晶须电阻率的影响。含20%掺量的氧化铝使氧化锌晶须的表面电阻率从107~108Ω.cm降低到1.6×106Ω.cm,体积电阻率从108~109Ω.cm降低到7.1×105Ω.cm;进一步研究了铝掺杂氧化锌晶须对聚氨酯涂料抗静电性能的影响,铝掺杂氧化锌晶须的添加量为8%,涂层的表面电阻率降低到2.4×107Ω.cm。铝掺杂氧化锌晶须可替代氧化锌晶须作为抗静电高分子复合材料的白色导电添加剂。     

铝掺杂氧化锌晶须/环氧树脂抗静电性能研究

采用新的铝掺杂方法,降低了氧化锌晶须的本体电阻率;研究了铝掺杂对氧化锌晶须电阻率的影响。含20%掺量的氧化铝使氧化锌晶须的表面电阻率从107~108Ω降低到1·6×106Ω,体积电阻率从108~109Ω·cm降低到7·1×105Ω·cm;研究了铝掺杂氧化锌晶须对环氧树脂抗静电性能的影响,铝掺杂氧化锌晶须的添加量为8%,使涂层的表面电阻降低到7·2×1010Ω。     

掺杂氧化锌晶须对工程塑料抗静电性的影响

采用新的铝掺杂方法,降低了氧化锌晶须电阻率,研究了铝掺杂对氧化锌晶须电阻率的影响。含20%掺量的氧化铝使氧化锌晶须的表面电阻率从107～108Ω降低到1.6×106Ω,体积电阻率从108～109Ω·cm降低到7.1×105Ω·cm;研究了掺杂氧化锌晶须对塑料抗静电性能的影响,铝掺杂氧化锌晶须的添加量为8%(质量分数),使环氧树脂的表面电阻率降低到7.2×1010Ω;铝掺杂氧化锌晶须的添加量为12%(质量分数),使聚苯硫醚的表面电阻率降低到2.0×1010Ω。     

聚苯硫醚/氧化锌晶须复合材料的研究

研究了制备聚苯硫醚/氧化锌晶须复合材料的方法，探讨了经表面处理后的氧化锌晶须与聚苯硫醚在熔融剪切状态下的共混工艺条件，并对复合材料的力学性能和电学性能及微观结构进行了表征。结果表明，氧化锌晶须含量、偶联剂的选择及复合材料制备工艺对复合材料的性能有较大影响；由导电型氧化锌晶须制得的聚苯硫醚/氧化锌晶须复合材料可用作高性能抗静电材料。     

纳米ZnO,ZnO晶须,炭黑并用补强NBR的实验研究

为使丁腈橡胶具备更优异的强度、弹性和耐油等综合性能,对纳米氧化锌、氧化锌晶须、炭黑三者在NBR中的并用方法和补强效果进行实验研究。采用对比实验法,初步优选炭黑/纳米氧化锌、炭黑/氧化锌晶须分别作为补强剂时的最佳用量配比,并进一步确定炭黑/纳米氧化锌/氧化锌晶须三者的最佳用量配比为1∶0.4∶0.3（质量比）。通过性能测试发现,以该最佳用量配比加工的硫化胶力学性能、耐溶剂性能均较补强剂单用时性能有很大提升,表明三者之间存在协同补强效应。     

表面处理作用对聚丙烯/四针状氧化锌晶须复合材料性能的影响

以聚丙烯为基体树脂,四针状氧化锌晶须为主要填充剂,制备具有抗静电性能的复合材料,本文将重点研究偶联剂的种类和用量对PP/T-ZnOw(100/10)复合体系性能的影响。力学性能研究表明,采用用量为1%的硅烷偶联剂JH-0174处理氧化锌晶须时,PP/T-ZnOw复合材料的力学性能达到最佳值;同时,阻率均有所下降且较大,PP电性能得到较大改善。微观结构分析表明,经偶联剂处理的复合材料中氧化锌晶须分布均匀且界面结合作用强。     

纳米氧化锌在橡胶复合材料中的初步应用

探讨了纳米氧化锌在橡胶复合材料中的初步应用。结果表明 ,在适当范围内 ,随着纳米氧化锌用量的增大 ,复合材料的拉伸强度和定伸应力等力学性能明显提高 ,但用量过大会使复合材料的性能下降 ;加入纳米氧化锌后 ,体系的正硫化时间有所延长。纳米氧化锌在改善橡胶耐磨性方面不如氧化锌晶须显著     

氧化锌晶须改性PP／POE共混体系的研究

研究了POE对PP力学性能的影响,氧化锌晶须表面处理及其对POE/PP共混体系性能的影响。结果表明:POE使PP冲击强度增加,拉伸强度下降。硅烷处理的氧化锌晶须改性PP/POE体系拉伸、缺口冲击强度都随晶须填充量的增加先升高后下降。氧化锌晶须用量在5份时,填充的PP/POE的拉伸强度达到最佳值;氧化锌晶须用量在10份时,冲击强度达到最佳。耐热性随晶须的填充量增加而先升高后降低然后再升高,在2.5份时出现极大值,在7.5份时出现极小值,氧化锌晶须含量进一步增大,其耐热性提高。     

纳米ZnO/ZnOw/HDPE抗菌性能及力学性能研究

研究了氧化锌晶须（ZnOw）对纳米ZnO／HDPE（高密度聚乙烯）抗菌性能的影响，并对制备的抗菌塑料表面形貌、力学性能等进行表征。结果表明，纳米ZnO／ZnOw／HDPE复合抗菌塑料的抗菌效果优于纳米ZnO／HDPE抗菌塑料的，添加ZnOw的复合抗菌材料在抗菌剂质量分数为2％时，对大肠杆菌的抗菌率已达到99．9％，相当于纳米ZnO的添加量为1.4％时，抗菌率即可达到99．9％。ZnOw可有效改善纳米ZnO的表面分散状态，并且复合抗菌剂的添加对材料的力学性能没有影响。     

四针状氧化锌晶须对聚丙烯力学性能及抗菌性能的影响

采用偶联剂KH-570对四针状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw)进行表面改性,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/改性T-ZnOw复合材料。对复合材料进行了X射线衍射分析,并考察了T-ZnOw含量对复合材料力学性能和抗菌性能的影响。结果表明:T-ZnOw在PP基体中结晶良好;适量添加经过表面改性的T-ZnOw能提高复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弯曲强度;在T-ZnOw含量为4%时,复合材料即可达到国家规定的抗菌要求。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997