Influence of Conductivity of Slag on Decarburization Reaction

By altering the electrochemical properties of slag, the decarburization reaction of Fe3+-based slag withFe-C droplet was studied. The results showed that a lot of free electrons and holes exist in the slag containing transition metal oxides (such as TiO2 and Fe2O3). So electronic conduction in the slag increases. Finally, it led to the increment of the decarburization reaction rate between slag and Fe-C droplet, and mass fraction of carbon remaining indroplet decreases to a lower level.     

Decarburization mechanism of RH-MFB refining process

Nomenclature akc?Volumetric coefficient of decarburization, m3?min?1; ako?Volumetric coefficient of deoxidation, m3?min?1; C?[C%] in molten steel, 10?4%; DC?Mass transfer coefficient of C, cm?s?1; f?Coefficient of decarburization; FO2?Rate of MFB lance, m…     

Electrochemical Reaction Processes of Niobium Ions in FLINAK melt

ThecathodicProcessmechanismofniobiumreductionfromchloride-fluorideandfiuoridemeltshasbeenstudiedindetail[l-],batthereseemsstilltobesomedismpemelltconcerningthereductionmechanism.Essentially,threehoesofmodelshaVebeenPutforwardtoexplaintheelectrochemic...     

Decarburization rate of RH refining for ultra low carbon steel

The decarburization behaviors of ultra low carbon steel in a 210-t RH vacuum degasser were investigated under practical operating conditions.According to the apparent decarburization rate constant (KC) calculated by the carbon content in the samples taken from the hot melt in a ladle at an interval of 1-2 min,it is observed that the total decarburization reaction period in RH can be divided into the quick decarburization period and the stagnant decarburization period,which is quite different from the tradit...     

Mathematical Model of Decarburization of Ultra Low Carbon Steel during RH Treatment

According to the balance of carbon and oxygen, a decarburization model for the RH treatment has been developed. in which the influence of the mass transfer of carbon and oxygen in the liquid steel and the stirring energy (ε) in the vacuum vessel on decarburization rate has been considered. The conclusion that the volumetric coefficients of the mass transfer of carbon is proportional to ε(1.5) is drawn. Industrical experiment proves this model is reliable. The influence of some factors on decarburization rate has been obtained. which can provide directions for RH treatment The decarburization behavior of steel with RH-OB treatment is also studied. The OB-or-not curve, the optimized OB time and OB amount are discussed.     

茜素红S-壳聚糖结合反应的电化学研究

在pH 4.5的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,茜素红S(ARS)可以与壳聚糖(CTS)发生结合反应形成一种非电活性的超分子复合物。用线性扫描二阶导数极谱法对结合反应体系进行了研究,结果表明,该复合物的形成使溶液中游离的ARS浓度降低,进而导致ARS的还原峰电流降低。优化了结合反应的最佳条件和电化学测定条件:pH=4.5,B-R用量2.5 mL,温度<35℃,时间10 min,ARS浓度5.0×10-5mol·L-1,扫速800 mV·s-1。在此条件下,峰电流的降低同CTS的浓度在一定范围内呈良好的线性关系,用于CTS的检测,线性范围为0.80~50.0 mg·L-1,线性回归方程为△iP(nA)=493.09+108.24 c(mg·L-1)(γ=0.997,n=20),对结合反应机理进行了初步的探讨。     

玻碳电极上美雄酮的电化学行为研究

以pH=2.0的0.04 mmol/L BR缓冲液为支持电解质,玻碳电极为工作电极,分别采用循环伏安法(cyclic voltammetry,CV)、线性扫描伏安法(linear sweep voltammetry,LSV)和微分脉冲伏安法(differential pulse voltammetry,DPV)等技术对玻碳电极(glassy carbon elecbrode,GCE)上美雄酮的电化学行为进行研究,并选定微分脉冲伏安法进行定量分析.美雄酮在-0.932 V(vs.SCE)处有一阴极还原峰,其峰电流与美雄酮样品浓度在2.0～60.0μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,其最低检测限(D=2σ/K)为0.43μmol/L.该方法已成功地用于大力补药片和尿样中美雄酮的分析检测.并探讨了美雄酮在玻碳电极上的电极反应机理,该反应属于得到1个质子和2个电子的不可逆的还原反应.本研究为开发便携式实时兴奋剂检测器奠定基础.     

多壁碳纳米管电化学电极的制备

用酸对多壁碳纳米管进行了处理,红外光谱显示处理后多壁碳纳米管表面接上了羧基.测定了碳纳米管薄膜的电阻率,并进行了激活能的计算,发现经10 min硝酸处理的样品有较小的电阻率和激活能.循环伏安实验显示,经过处理,碳纳米管电极在H2SO4,NaOH,KCl溶液中的电化学响应明显改善.多壁碳纳米管可以成为有应用前景的电极材料.     

大黄酚和牛血清蛋白相互作用的电化学性质研究

在pH 4.0的Britton-Robinson（B-R）缓冲体系中,应用循环伏安法和示差脉冲伏安法对大黄酚与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）相互作用的电化学性质进行研究.结果表明,二者结合生成了一种非电活性的超分子化合物,同时对结合反应的机理进行了探讨.BSA的存在导致大黄酚氧化还原峰电流降低,峰电位基本不变,峰电流的下降值同所加入的BSA浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系.线性范围5.0×10^-6mol/L-1.0×10^-7mol/L,检出限3×10^-7mol/L.     

煤炭生物脱硫的电化学作用机理

讨论了微生物生长的电化行为和特性，描述了生物电化学作用机理及反应模型，对煤炭生物脱硫过程的细菌Zeta电位、铁离子的变化及外控电位下的细菌生长规律进行了实验研究，结果表明：氧化亚铁硫杆菌（T．f．）的Zeta电位在pH=2．0左右时，达到峰值5mV，在此条件下有比较大的活性；细菌生长是通过将Fe^3＋氧化为Fe^3＋过程中获取能量，随着Fe^3＋逐渐被氧化，其浓度相应下降，Fe^3＋浓度缓慢地上升，而溶液中的总铁浓度先下降而后又平缓上升；在-500mV电位下，T．f．菌的生长期缩短，浓度增加5～10倍．     

硼氢化反应机理的研究

利用量子化学从头计算法ＲＨＦ／４—３１Ｇ基组对氢氰酸的硼氢化反应进行了理论研究．ＩＲＣ分析表明：氢氰酸与甲硼烷通过“类四中心”过渡态,直接加成生成产物．排除了甲硼烷直接进攻碳－氮π键,经三中心过渡态生成产物;确定了形成直线型分子复合物,靠分子内氢迁移重排生成产物的可能性．     

电化学降解含酚废水动力学研究

采用电化学法降解含酚废水 ,在隔离阴阳极室的条件下 ,以不同的温度进行电解脱酚实验。结果显示 ,苯酚转化率可高达 95%以上 ,并随温度升高而提高 ;对比实验揭示 ,碱性电解液有利于苯酚的降解。动力学研究表明 ,电解法脱酚遵循准一级反应动力学过程 ,其活化能 Ea=1 2 .75～ 1 6 .0 6 k J· mol- 1,远低于一般反应的活化能 ( 6 0～ 2 50 k J·mol- 1) ,这是电化学脱酚速率快 ,降解彻底的重要原因     

水化电子与氧化还原反应机理

本文了在实验室产生水化电子的方法，并用水化电子的概念分析了电解过程氧化还原反应机理。     

结晶紫与DNA相互作用的电化学研究

用电化学方法结合紫外 可见光谱法 ,研究了结晶紫 (CV)与DNA在 0 2 0mol·L- 1 pH1 0 5的Britton Robinson(B R)缓冲溶液中相互作用的电化学行为。CV在玻碳电极上于 +0 474V(vs.SCE)处有一氧化峰 ,此峰电流与扫描速率的二分之一次方呈正比。在 1 3℃与DNA恒温反应 35min后 ,CV的氧化峰电流降低 ,但峰电位几乎不变。CV与DNA在该条件下结合生成一种非电化学活性的超分子化合物 ,求出CV与DNA反应的结合比为 2∶1 ,结合常数 β =1 43× 1 0 1 0 。     

表面活性剂在酚类电化学测定中的应用及其机理探讨

报道了一种提高酚类检测灵敏度的简易方法．通过向溶液中添加表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺、氯代十六烷基吡啶,可显著提高苯二酚、二硝基酚、萘酚及其异构体在玻碳电极上的电化学响应．探讨了表面活性剂的协同作用机理,研究了苯二酚、二硝基酚、萘酚测定的最佳pH值及表面活性荆添加量,研究成果对酚类及取代基酚类的检测和进一步研究具有重要意义．     

高冰镍中Cu2S矿的电化学浮选研究

利用单矿物浮选试验研究了ｐＨ值及矿浆电位对高冰镍中辉铜矿（Ｃｕ２Ｓ）浮选行为的影响．利用热力学及电化学方法探讨了ＣＵ２Ｓ矿表面氧化及稳定的条件；分析研究了乙黄药与Ｃｕ２Ｓ矿的作用．     

论电子和空间效应对有机物性质和反应的影响

对有机物分子或中间体内原子或基团间的电子效应,即诱导效应、共轭效应、超共轭效应,以及空间效应进行了研究和分析,重点探讨了上述效应对有机物或中间体稳定性,以及对亲电、亲核和自由基等类型反应取向的影响,结果表明电子效应对有机物或中间体稳定性及反应活性有较重要的影响,空间效应亦有重要的影响,有时甚至是主要的影响因素.     

Wittig反应及Wittig-Horner反应在有机合成上的应用

总结了Ｗｉｔｔｉｇ反应及Ｗｉｔｔｉｇ－Ｈｏｒｎｅｒ反应的发展概况，并对其反应机理进行探讨，归纳了这两个反应在有机合成上的应用，同时简要介绍了实验操作过程．     

电化学方法脱除高岭土中铁、钛杂质的研究

除去高岭土中铁、钛等杂质，有利于它的广泛应用．对淮北地区高岭土进行电化学处理，并对处理前后的试样进行了SiO2，Al2O3，Fe2O3和TiO2含量的测定，发现在保持SiO2和Al2O3总量基本不变的前提下，Fe2O3，TiO2的脱除率分别达到60．0％和31．7％．同时配合透射电子显微镜、X-衍射和EDX能谱对样品进行分析．结果表明，电化学处理后的高岭土颗粒明显细化，铁、钛含量明显减少．     

Electrochemical studies of nickel deposition from aqueous solution in super-gravity field

The effect of super-gravity on electrochemical deposition of nickel from aqueous solution was studied. The SEM pictures show that the microstructure of nickel film deposited under the super-gravity condition is finer and more uniform compared with that obtained in normal gravity condition, and the crystal grains diminish with the increase of super-gravity coefficient. The XRD patterns indicate that the ar-rangement of crystalline grains of nickel film deposited under the super-gravity field is more regular, and the crystalline grain sizes decrease with the increase of super-gravity coefficient. Toughness, tensile stress and hardness of the nickel film are markedly raised with the increase of super-gravity coefficient, and hydrogen content in the nickel film decreases with the increase of super-gravity coefficient. From the polarization curves of hydrogen evolution reaction under the su-per-gravity condition, a significant reduction of over-potential on electrode was found when current density increased. The process of hydrogen evolution reaction was enhanced under the super-gravity condition. The electro-deposition rate, the microstructure and properties of deposited nickel film under super-gravity condi-tion were still affected by the relative orientation between inertia force and depos-iting surface. It is favorable to gain the nickel film with better mechanic properties when inertia force orientates vertically towards depositing surface.