电镀污泥与海滩淤泥复合烧制陶粒重金属固化效果的试验分析

探索了电镀污泥掺量对电镀污泥与海滩淤泥复合烧制陶粒的外观质量和塑性造粒性能的影响规律,系统分析了高温烧制陶粒工艺对电镀污泥重金属铜、锌、镍、铬的固化效率。试验和分析结果表明,海滩淤泥中掺加30％电镀污泥可以在1200℃烧成陶粒,其铜、锌的固化率达到100％,镍、铬的固化率与浸出液的种类有关,重金属的固化率按铜(锌)、镍、铬的顺序降低。重金属在蒸馏水或饱和Ca(OH)2溶液中的浸出浓度均满足GB5085．3—1996对危险废物规定的浸出液最高允许浓度值。     

测定土壤及沉积物中铜、锌、铅、镍、铬的方法研究

采用石墨消解-火焰原子吸收分光光度计对土壤及沉积物中铜、锌、铅、镍和铬进行测定,结果表明:该方法的线性良好,检出限、精密度、准确度和样品加标回收率都符合相关质量控制要求,利用该方法测定土壤及沉积物中铜、锌、铅、镍和铬结果令人满意。     

电镀污泥中铜、镍、铬、锌的回收利用研究

研究电镀污泥中铜、镍、铬、锌的回收工艺流程,确定最佳的工艺条件。结果表明,电镀污泥中铜、镍、铬、锌的浸出率分别达到97.8%、98.6%、94.8%和99.0%,并可循环回收;废渣无害化,可按一般工业固废处置;生产过程闭路循环,无任何排放,实现清洁生产.     

电镀污泥中铜镍回收技术的研究

文章研究了采用氨浸-溶剂萃取-除杂除油工艺回收电镀污泥中铜、镍的过程。通过优化实验,确定了全流程的最佳工艺参数。结果表明,采用上述工艺,电镀污泥中铜、镍、锌的浸出率分别达到99%、95%和96%,并得到较高纯度的硫酸镍溶液和硫酸铜溶液。     

电镀污泥中铜和镍的回收工艺研究——污泥的酸浸出工艺

研究了电镀污泥中铜和镍浸出的方法,对比选取硫酸作为浸出剂,考察了酸的用量对浸出效果的影响,得到最佳浸出条件为:污泥颗粒d=0.15mm,每2g污泥加10%硫酸10mL,常温下振荡0.5h。该条件下电镀污泥中铜、镍的浸出率均较高,达95%以上,为后续电解回收工艺奠定了较好的基础。     

浅析电镀污泥中镍元素的测定

阐述了电镀污泥的主要危害,对含镍污泥的产生机理进行了分析,对电镀污泥的采样和样品的制备、电镀污泥中微量的测定方法、电镀污泥中高含量镍的测定方法进行了深入探讨,以期为电镀企业提供节约生产成本,防止发生重金属污染的有效途径。     

ICP-OES技术在石墨烯微量元素分析中的应用研究

采用ICP-OES法对无锡和盐城两地的商品化石墨烯样品中镍、铁、铬、铜、钠、铝、镁、锌、锰、钙等微量金属元素的含量进行了检测,测试RSD基本都在5%以内。采用加标回收实验对测试结果进行验证,加标回收率在90.00%~106.43%之间,偏差均在10%以内。     

电镀污泥的无害化处理及综合利用技术

电镀污泥的化学成份相当复杂,主要含铬、铁、镍、铜、锌等重金属化合物及可溶性盐类,其中的含铬化合物属国家一级危险废物,如处理不当,对环境的危害很大,故电镀污泥的无害化处理一直是相关厂家和环保部门关注的焦点之一。本文介绍了电镀污泥的产生及危害;介绍了电镀污泥无害化处理的原理;综述了电镀污染的无害化处理方法及综合利用技术。     

浅析电镀含铜和含镍污泥的资源化回收工艺

电镀行业快速发展使产生的电镀废水不断增加,电镀污水经过处理就成为了电镀污泥,其中包含了多种重金属元素,如果处理不当则会污染环境、威胁人类的身体健康,也是对不可再生的金属资源的浪费。铜和镍作为电镀污泥中的主要的重金属成分,有很大的回收再利用价值,用酸浸电解法和酸浸法都能够有效地对电镀污泥中的铜和镍进行回收。本文介绍了电镀污泥的来源以及其对人体的危害,并对目前我国主要的处理电镀污泥的方法进行了阐述。     

ICP-OES法同时测定电镀废水中的铜、镍、铬、锌

建立了采用ICP-OES法同时测定电镀废水中铜、镍、铬、锌的方法。铜、镍、铬、锌元素的测定波长分别为324.7 nm、231.604 nm、267.716 nm、213.856 nm,等离子体流量12 L/min,辅助气流量0.2 L/min,雾化器流量0.7 L/min,试样流量1.50 mL/min。在上述条件下,4种元素的线性关系良好,相关系数均不小于0.9998,在高、中、低3个加标水平下,平均回收率为92%～105%,相对标准偏差为2.2%～5.1%。该方法简便、准确、选择性好、灵敏度高,适用于电镀废水中铜、镍、铬、锌的同时测定。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。