肠衣加工废水处理技术进展

肠衣加工废水属于高盐、高水溶性有机物废水,较难处理。综述了近年来生物法、物化法和物化生物法等肠衣加工废水的处理技术进展。其中,二级A-O接触氧化(A2/O2)-混凝沉淀和电氧化-微滤工艺在肠衣加工废水处理中的应用较多。生物法处理效率适中,运行费用较低,但投资和占地面积大;物化法处理彻底,但运行费用较高。因此,物化法与生物法相结合是肠衣加工废水处理技术的发展方向。     

高氨氮含量废水的处理方法及研究现状

针对高氨氮含量废水成分复杂、水质变化大的特点,叙述了物化脱氮法、传统和新型的生物脱氮法及物化-生物联合脱氮法在处理中高氨氮含量废水应用情况及其优缺点.为了使废水中的氨氮达到去除最大化、减小二次污染、降低投资和运行成本,采用多种技术联用的手段来处理高氨氮含量废水,可实现优势互补.对于出水要求较高的废水,一般需先进行预处理...     

纳滤膜实现电镀废水零排放

国家海洋局天津海水淡化自主研发的纳滤膜处理电镀废水技术已在广东普润环保科技有限公司通过中试。实验表明,运用这一技术工艺处理的电镀废水能够直接回用六价铬离子,不产生含铬污泥,实现了电镀废水零排放。此前我国处理电镀废水常用的方法有化学法、生物法、物化法和电化学法等,其缺点是处理效率低、出水水质差、处理深度     

电镀废水有机污染物去除方法研究进展

电镀废水中有机污染物来源主要有4个方面：电镀前处理、电镀处理、电镀后处理和退镀工序,讨论了有机污染物的去除方法（强化混凝法、吸附法、微电解法、Fenton氧化法、生化法和组合工艺）、处理现状,并对电镀废水中有机物处理前景进行了展望.     

电镀污水中有机污染物去除工艺初探

电镀废水中的有机污染物来源主要有3个方面:镀前处理、电镀过程和镀后处理。介绍了污水中有机污染物的3种去除方法:生化法、微波化学法和物化法。通过对3种处理方法的效果比较得出,微波化学法效果最好,物化法次之,生化法最差。但就成本而言,物化法最低。     

电镀重金属废水治理技术的发展现状(Ⅱ)

电镀重金属废水治理技术的发展现状( )李　健,　张惠源,　尔丽珠(天津经济技术开发区污水处理厂,天津　300457)DevelopmentofTreatmentTechnologyforElectroplatingWasteWaterContainingHeavyMetal( )LIJian,ZHANGHui-yuan,ERLi-zhu2.4　吸附法2.4.1活性炭吸附法活性炭吸附法工艺简单,装备制造便宜,因而获得了广泛的应用。目前已经应用且比较成熟的方面是电镀工业上处理含铬废水、含镉废水、含铜废水和铜氰废水等[29～31]。活性炭适用范围广,能除去大多数重金属、有机物和生物分子。但是活性炭再生效率低,使用寿命短,出水水质也很…     

电镀废水综合处理及回用技术研究

以某线路板厂电镀废水综合处理的工程设计为实例,通过分析工程概况与工艺要求,采用物理法、化学法、物化法、生物法等对含镍废水、有机废水、含氰废水和综合废水等不同的电镀废水进行分类综合处理,并运用反渗透RO膜系统作为主要的控制装置实现废水回用处理.工程实际运行表明废水处理后能达标排放和回用,系统合理、有效、可靠,对电镀企业的废水处理、循环利用和清洁生产具有重要参考意义.     

吸附法处理电镀废水的研究进展

吸附法具有操作简单,去除效率高,稳定性好,不产生或很少产生二次污染,吸附剂可再生,成本低等优点,有着广泛的应用前景。在介绍了不同吸附剂处理电镀废水处理效果的基础上,综述了物化吸附法、生物吸附法、植物吸附法在电镀废水处理中应用。     

电镀废水中有机污染物处理研究进展

介绍了电镀废水中有机污染物的来源、种类,讨论了电镀废水的治理措施,叙述了各种方法的原理及其应用现状,并对电镀废水中有机物的处理前景进行了展望。     

制药废水处理方法概述

制药废水具有有机物含量高、毒性大和可生化性差等特点,是处理难度较大的工业废水之一。文章综述了目前国内外处理制药废水所应用的各种物化法、化学法、生物法以及组合工艺技术,并对各种处理方法的应用特点及其处理效果进行了论述,最终为制药废水的处理工艺提供一定的技术参考。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。