不同烷氧基取代偶氮染料对聚乙烯基咔唑基复合物光折变性能的影响

合成了不同长度烷氧基取代的偶氮染料：2，5－二甲基－4－（4’－硝基苯基偶氮）苯甲醚（DMNPAA）；正－丁氧基－2，5－二甲基－4－（4’－硝基苯基偶氮）苯（BDMNPAB）；正－己氧基－2，5－二甲基－4－（4’－硝基苯基偶氮）苯（HDMNPAB）。分别将它们与聚乙烯咔唑（PVK）：2，4，7－三硝基芴酮（TNF）掺杂，获得高质量均匀透明的薄膜。用二波耦合（2BC）实验和四波混频（FWM）实验检测它们的光折变效应。结果表明，掺杂BDMNPAB的光折变复合物获得较高的2BC增益系数（195cm(-1)，外加电场E。＝84V／μm）和较高的衍射效率（40％，E。＝75．6V／μm），且BDMNPAB本身兼有增塑作用，而不需要外加增塑剂。     

PAA－PEG－盐复合膜导电性能研究

研究了聚丙烯醚（ＰＡＡ）－聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）－盐复合膜的导电性能及其影响因素。研究结果表明，ＰＡＡ－ＰＥＧ－盐复合膜具有一定的导电能力。ＬｉＣｌ的加入量、添加剂的种类及其湿度、温度影响着复合膜的导电性能。随着ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加，电导率增大，但ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加是有限的；添加剂的加入可以大大提高电导率，而ＥＧ类的添加剂效果最好；复合膜的导电性能随着湿度、温度的升高而提高。     

PAA—PEG—盐复合膜导电性能研究

研究了聚丙烯酸（ＰＡＡ）－聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）－盐复合膜的导电性能及其影响因素。研究结果表明，ＰＡＡ－ＰＥＧ－盐复合膜具有一定的导电能力。ＬｉＣｌ的加入量、添加剂的种类及其湿度、温度影响着复合膜的导电性能。随着ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加，电导率增大，但ＬｉＣｌ含量的增加是有限的；添加剂的加入可以大大提高电导率，而ＥＧ类的添加剂效果最好；复合膜的导电性能随着湿度、温度的升高而提高。     

激光熔覆(WC+W2C)p/Ni基合金复合涂层的微观结构特征

运用XRD、SEM及显微硬度试验等手段研究了激光熔覆Co包铸造（WC W2C）p增强Ni基合金复合涂层的微观组织特征，分析了Co包铸态（WC W2C）p 在激光熔覆过程中的冶金行为，研究结果表明：在激光熔覆过程中，（WC W2C)p的Co包覆层完全熔化，（WC W2C）p本身也发生部分熔解，其稳定性随W2C/WC比增大而降低；当熔池凝固时，（WC W2C）p在涂层中的分布主要受激光熔池中存在的强烈对流和颗粒/凝固前沿相互作用所控制；依赖于局部成分，涂层中形成变成分的η1-M6C（M=Co、W、Ni)型碳化物，优先分布（WC W2C）p表面；涂层基体的典型组织由分布在γ-Ni M23C6为主加硼化物Ni4B3、Ni3B和碳化物M7C3的伪多元共晶中的η1-W6C组成。     

聚碳酸酯聚氨酯弹性体的合成与性能研究

采用了聚碳酸1，4－丁二醇酯（PBC）、聚碳酸1，6－己二醇酯（PHC）和聚碳酸1，5－戊二醇－1，6－己二醇酯（PHPC，其中己二醇链节与戊二醇链节之比为3：2）软段，4，4‘-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯／1，4－丁二醇（MDI／BDO）为硬段（其质量含量为40％）合成出了一系列的聚碳酸酯聚氨酯（PCU）弹性体。其拉伸强度约为40MPa-60MPa，断裂伸长率为300％－400％。研究了软段结构、软段分子量对PCU力学性能、微相分离结构的影响。结果表明，软段分子量越大，微相分离程度越大。软段为PHPC的聚氨酯回弹性能明显优于软段为PBC和PHC的聚氨酯。     

铝及其合金常温草酸绝缘阳极氧化工艺

铝及其合金草酸绝缘阳极氧化要求低温（15－18℃）、高压（100－120V）操作，能耗大。本工艺在草酸溶液中加入添加剂，提高了氧化温度（15－28℃），降低了操作电压（40－60V），所获得的氧化膜性能优良。     

非晶态Fe-Ni-Cr合金电沉积的研究

介绍了一种由合适的配合剂，稳定剂，添加剂组成的氯化物水溶液体系电沉积镜面非晶态Fe-Ni－Cr合金的方法，采用此法于室温下20min可电沉积得到Fe,Ni,Cr含量分别为45％－55％，33％－37％、9％－23％的镜面非晶态Fe-Ni－Cr合金镀层，采用等离子发射光谱（ICP－AES），X-ray衍射和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等方法对非晶态Fe-Ni－Cr合金镀 层的组成，结构，性能及其影响因素进行了检测和分析，实验结果表明，镀液各组分对合金镀层成分均有较明显的影响，只有当镀液中含有稳定剂H－W时电沉积所得合金镀层中才有Cr存在，且由于稳定剂H－W与添加剂的共同作用导致所得Fe-Ni－Cr合金镀层具有非晶态结构。     

CD59活性位点相关性基因突变的构建与表达

构建了野生型和突变型CD59重组质粒,建立了高效真核表达系统,探讨了W40位点的生物学活性。采用基因点突变技术使CD59W40基因位置缺失（突变1,M1）及C39W40K41→W39W40W41（突变2,M2）,重叠延伸PCR（overlap extension PCR）定点诱变扩增突变基因,重组入真核表达质粒pIRES,利用阳离子脂质体（Lipfectamine2000）将重组质粒转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（CHO）进行表达。酶切鉴定及序列测定证实成功构建了pIRES-MICD59、pIRES—M2CD59和pIRES-WTCD59,突变基因约500bp。G418筛选出了CHO转染细胞的稳定细胞克隆,免疫荧光、ELISA检测筛选MICD59、M2CD59和WTCD59蛋白高表达株,连续传代30代有高表达;补体溶细胞反应显示与野生型CD59相比,突变型M1CD59失去对补体的抑制功能,而M2CD59抗补体活性略增高。证实CD59的W40位点对其功能具有重要作用,封闭此位点可提高补体活性,有望用于肿瘤治疗。     

纳米ZrO_2/(1-n)SiO_2-nAl_2O_3介孔复合作的制备与光致发光

采用溶胶-凝胶法和超临界干燥技术制备了（1－n）SiO2－nAl2O3（n=0、001、0.1）混合气凝胶体系，并以此作为载体，成功地将纳米ZrO2粒子组装到（1—n）SiO2－nAl2O3介孔体系中，而形成纳米ZrO2／（1—n）SiO2－nAl2O3介孔复合材料．光致发光光谱研究表明，室温下以316um（392eV）波长激发时，纳米ZrO2粒子540um（230eV）荧光峰，在介孔复合体中将蓝移至400um（310eV）左右，蓝移量140um；其光致荧光峰的相对强度亦随Al2O3的掺入量不同而不同．对产生上述光谱性质变化的机理进行了初步探讨．     

用离子团束沉积技术制备有机功能薄膜

用离子团束－飞行时间质谱计（IC－TOFMS）沉积系统制备了有机功能薄膜，它们具有完善的晶体结构，其中C60－TCNQ和Ag－NM具有电学双稳态特性。     

Combination of heterojunction and mixed-host structures in one blue fluorescent organic light emitting diode to improve the power efficiency

High power efficiency blue organic light-emitting diode (OLED), based on 2-methyl-9,10-di(2-naphthyl) anthracene (MADN) and p-bis(p-N,N-diphenyl-amino-styryl) benzene (DSA-ph), has been realized by combining heterojunction (HJ) structure and mixed host (MH) structure in one device. This combination resulted in both high current efficiency and low driving voltage, and thus highly efficient blue OLED with peak power efficiency of 5.0 lm/W was achieved, which is approximately five times higher than 1.1 lm/W in the MH control device and 56% higher than 3.2 lm/W in the HJ control device.     

Reduced wear damage of carbon brushes via transfer layer upon W/Cu composite

An ultrafine (～100?nm) W particle-reinforced Cu matrix composite was fabricated by spark plasma sintering. The tribological properties of the fabricated W/Cu composite were tested by pin-on-disc sliding experiments and compared with those of brass alloy. The wear rate of the carbon brush when sliding against the W/Cu composite (0.102?mm?³s^?1) was much lower than that with brass (4.83?mm³?s^?1). Simultaneously, the W/Cu composite possessed higher conductivities and greater surface hardness than brass. The surface roughness of the W/Cu composite was found to play a critical role in improving the robustness of the tribofilm and reducing the volume loss of the carbon brush. The W/Cu composite has promising engineering applications for the long-term wear protection of self-lubricating materials.     

Tribological properties of metal doped a-C film by RF magnetron sputtering method

We deposited various metal doped amorphous carbon (a-C:Me) films by radio frequency (RF) magnetron co-sputtering method. Tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and chromium (Cr) were used as the doping metals in a-C film. The applied power on carbon and metal (W, Mo, and Cr) target were 150 W and 40 W, respectively. a-C:Me films exhibited smooth and uniform surface roughness and the hardness over 15 GPa. Specially, a-C:W film showed the maximum hardness of 18.5 GPa. The coefficient of friction of a-C:W film is relatively lower than that of other films and the critical load value of a-C:W film is higher. These results are related to the concentration of metal in the carbon matrix by the difference of sputtering yield and the change of the structure by the metal bonding. Consequently, W metal is good candidate as the doping metal for the improvement of tribological characteristics.     

Tungsten filament effect on electronic properties of hot-wire CVD silicon films for heterojunction solar cell application

In this study, we describe the correlation between cell efficiency and wire aging during hot-wire chemical vapor deposition in detail. The new and aged tungsten (W) filaments were used to deposit the n-type microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) films for heterojunction (HJ) Si solar cell applications. Tungsten silicide (WSi_x) was coated on the W catalyzer surface (center and end regions) after each deposition, and which was investigated and determined by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The wire age has an effect on the resulting electronic properties of the grown film, thought to be related to differences in dark conductivity with aged versus new wires. It was found that the aging process is related to the formation of a silicide at the surface. A limited amount of silicon was observed in the bulk of catalyzer, suggesting that silicon diffusion into the wire has occurred. The original single-side HJ solar cell with efficiency of 15.3% has been fabricated using the new wires. The quality of n-type μc-Si films and efficiency of HJ solar cells were reduced when the aged W filament was employed. The quality of silicon films and the efficiency of HJ solar cell could be improved after regeneration process.     

弹性金属塑料轴承材料的摩擦磨损特性

用MM－200摩擦磨损试验机，对含有填充料的PTFE为瓦面、青铜丝为弹性层的弹性金属塑料（EMP）轴承材料在30号透平油润滑时的摩擦磨损特性进行了研究，通过称重法、表面原始粗糙度、磨损微粒分析技术及扫描电镜对其摩擦学性能进行了初步探讨。结果表明，油润滑时，含填充料弹性金属型料轴承材料的磨损量随负荷、对偶面表面原始粗糙度值增大而增加，但比纯PTFE材料的磨损量低。     

磁控溅射WS2薄膜的制备工艺及其性能

采用孪生中频磁控溅射的方法在低温条件下制备了WS2薄膜,利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDX)、显微硬度仪、划痕仪和球盘式摩擦磨损试验机对薄膜的物相结构、微观形貌以及摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明:所制备的WS2薄膜呈现出明显的(002)晶面择优生长,S/W原子比1.52,在大气环境中摩擦系数可低于0.01,载荷与转速对薄膜的摩擦系数影响显著,在一定范围内加大载荷和提高转速都会增大其摩擦系数。     

Nimodipine (NM) tablets with high dissolution containing NM solid dispersions prepared by hot-melt extrusion

Using a mixture of Eudragit EPO and polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VA) (Kollidon VA64) as carriers, a nimodipine solid dispersion (NM-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion (HME) to achieve high dissolution. The dissolution profiles in 900 mL 0.1 mol/L HCl showed that the drug release of NM-SD reached 90% in 1h. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the state of NM. The results obtained showed that NM was in an amorphous form in the solid dispersion (SD). NM-SD tablets (NM-T-SD) were compressed by wet granulation and direct compression, respectively. The stability of NM-T-SD was examined during a 2-month storage period (40 degrees C, RH 75%). The results showed that the dissolution of NM-T-SD was slightly reduced after 2 months storage (40 degrees C, RH 75%), which implied that aging occurred to some degree. However, no NM crystals could be observed by PXRD after 2 months storage for NM-T-SD (F11) prepared by direct compression.     

Nimodipine (NM) tablets with high dissolution containing NM solid dispersions prepared by hot-melt extrusion

Using a mixture of Eudragit^® EPO and polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VA) (Kollidon VA64) as carriers, a nimodipine solid dispersion (NM-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion (HME) to achieve high dissolution. The dissolution profiles in 900?mL 0.1?mol/L HCl showed that the drug release of NM-SD reached 90% in 1?h. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the state of NM. The results obtained showed that NM was in an amorphous form in the solid dispersion (SD). NM-SD tablets (NM-T-SD) were compressed by wet granulation and direct compression, respectively. The stability of NM-T-SD was examined during a 2-month storage period (40°C, RH 75%). The results showed that the dissolution of NM-T-SD was slightly reduced after 2 months storage (40°C, RH 75%), which implied that aging occurred to some degree. However, no NM crystals could be observed by PXRD after 2 months storage for NM-T-SD (F₁₁) prepared by direct compression.     

电沉积Ni-W合金镀层的X射线光电子能谱分析

采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对电沉积Ni-W合金镀层表面膜进行了分析。研究结果表明，Ni-W合金镀层表面存在一层薄的氧化膜，而钨的氧化作用远大于镍，Ni-W合金镀层中W含量的提高对耐蚀性起决定作用。     

Synthesis and tribological properties of WSex films prepared by magnetron sputtering

WSe_x films with variable Se/W ratio were deposited by non-reactive r.f. magnetron sputtering from WSe₂ target changing the applied d.c. pulsed bias conditions and substrate temperature. The structural and chemical properties were measured by cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (X-SEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The tribological properties were measured in ambient air (RH = 30–40%) and dry nitrogen by means of a reciprocating ball-on-disk tribometer. A clear correlation was found between the Se/W ratio and the measured friction coefficient displaying values below 0.1 (in ambient air) and 0.03 (in dry N₂) for ratios Se/W ≥ 0.6 as determined by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The results demonstrated that notable tribological results could be obtained even in ambient air (friction ≤ 0.07 and wear rate ≈10⁻⁷ mm³ Nm⁻¹) by controlling the film microstructure and chemical composition. By incorporating carbon, wear and chemical resistance can be gained by formation of non-stoichiometric carbides and/or alloying into the defective WSe_x hexagonal structure. The existence of a WSe₂ rich interfacial layer (either on the ball scar or embedded in the film track) was evidenced by Raman in low friction conditions. The improvement in tribological performance is therefore obtained by means of layered WSe_x, the formation of gradient composition from metallic W (hard) to WSe₂ (lubricant) and carbon incorporation.