植物油多元醇基慢回弹泡沫的温度敏感性研究

通过动态机械热分析(DMA)和40%压缩硬度(CLD40%)对植物油多元醇基慢回弹泡沫温度敏感性的影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,增加植物油多元醇的用量,增加泡沫密度,有利于减小植物油多元醇基慢回弹泡沫的温度敏感性;增加异氰酸酯指数会增加植物油多元醇基慢回弹泡沫在低温下的温度敏感性;与TDI基慢回弹泡沫相比,MDI基慢回弹泡沫的温度敏感性较小。     

慢回弹聚氨酯软泡组合料的制备及应用研究

以慢回弹聚醚、普通聚醚、催化剂、泡沫稳定剂、开孔剂,异氰酸酯等为原料,制备慢回弹聚氨酯聚醚组合料及慢回弹聚氨酯软泡,并检测其性能.结果表明,水用量在2份,L598催化剂在4.5份,模具温度在45℃,异氰酸酯指数在75时,慢回弹聚氨酯软泡具有较好的发泡工艺及泡孔结构,密度与力学性能较好.     

含THEIC聚酯多元醇的合成及在慢回弹泡沫中的应用

以含氮原料三(2-羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯(THEIC)、二元醇与二元酸缩聚，合成了含异氰脲酸酯环聚酯多元醇(PE-T)。将PE-T与高环氧乙烷(EO)含量聚醚多元醇、接枝聚醚(POP)、磷系阻燃剂、硅油、水及催化剂等助剂的混合物作为多元醇组分，与MDI基异氰酸酯按异氰酸酯指数为0.7混合，制备慢回弹聚氨酯泡沫。红外分析表明，PE-T中含有三嗪环、羟基和酯基，GPC分析得出PE-T的数均官能度约为3.2。讨论了PE-T用量对慢回弹泡沫的阻燃性、耐热性、回复能力和力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着多元醇组分中PE-T含量提高，慢回弹泡沫的阻燃性能明显提高，热降解残炭量上升，热降解速率下降。随着PE-T含量提高，慢回弹泡沫的回复时间增加，力学强度提高，伸长率下降。     

行业信息

Bayer Material Science公司推出高回弹多元醇Bayer Material Science公司开发了用于生产软质聚氨酯(PU)泡沫用的Ultracel U3000高回弹多元醇。据称该多元醇可提供一系列的高性能,如在家具床垫中可提供舒适感、承载性和保留性等。与传统的泡沫不同,在相同的密度下,Ultracel U3000泡沫有高的承载因子和较好的抗疲劳特性,这种高承载(HS)、高回弹(HR)大块泡沫据说有优异的舒适感和保留性,以及有良好的物理性质。它易于挤压,可与各种量的高固含量聚合物多元醇结合使用以获得宽范围的水含量及异氰酸酯指数。最显著的是它改善了泡沫的撕裂…     

万华化学推出MDI型慢回弹大块泡技术

<正>聚氨酯慢回弹大块泡具有良好的舒适性能,被广泛应用于家居行业。然而,目前国内的聚氨酯慢回弹大块泡大多是以TDI为异氰酸酯组分,在储存、运输及使用过程中有诸多不便。万华化学(北京)有限公司近期开发出了全新MDI型慢回弹大块泡技术,满足当下市场的多重需求。,     

Bayer Material Science公司推出高回弹多元醇

Bayer Material Science公司开发了用于生产软质聚氨酯（PU）泡沫用的Ultracel U3000高回掸多元醇。据称该多元醇可提供一系列的高性能，如在家具床垫中可提供舒适感、承载性和保留性等。与传统的泡沫不同，在相同的密度下，Ultracel U3000泡沫有高的承载因子和较好的抗疲劳特性，这种高承载（HS）、高回弹（HR）大块泡沫据说有优异的舒适感和保留性，以及有良好的物理性质。它易于挤压，可与各利，最的高同含量聚合物多元醇结合使用以获得宽范围的水含量及异氰酸酯指数。     

基于大豆蛋白的高回弹聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备及性能研究

以大豆分离蛋白、高活性聚醚、聚合物多元醇、交联剂、发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂和混合异氰酸酯为原料,自由发泡、常温熟化制备了大豆蛋白基高回弹聚氨酯软泡。研究了大豆蛋白质(SPI)对聚氨酯泡沫物理性能、力学性能、孔结构和热性能的影响。结果表明:SPI添加量对泡沫物理和力学性能影响最大。随着SPI含量增加,泡沫的密度、尺寸稳定性提高,压陷硬度和舒适因子提高增大;回弹率下降,断裂伸长率减小,而拉伸强度先增大后减小。SPI能够提高聚氨酯的热稳定性,但最好低于150℃使用。     

模塑胀气慢回弹聚氨酯泡沫稳定剂的开发

通过对胀气慢回弹发泡市场主要原料聚醚、异氰酸酯的了解,开发了适用于这些原料的泡沫稳定剂WD557。在适当配方体系下,与进口泡沫稳定剂在泡沫制品芯密度、球回弹、透气性、回复时间、泡孔状况等方面进行了比较。结果表明,WD557基本达到了国外产品的水平,可用于胀气慢回弹模塑发泡的生产。     

异氰酸酯配比对摩托车座垫性能及成本的影响

研究了摩托车座垫冷熟化高回弹聚氨酯泡沫中异氰酸酯组分TDI,聚合MDI,改性MDI配比对其性能的影响,对添加TDI和未添加TDI的泡沫座垫性能进行了对比,在此基础上研究了异氰酸酯配比对座垫成本的影响。     

万华化学推出MDI型慢回弹大块泡技术

聚氨酯慢回弹大块泡具有良好的舒适性能，被广泛应用于家居行业。然而，目前国内的聚氨酯慢回弹大块泡大多是以TDI为异氰酸酯组分，在储存、运输及使用过程中都有诸多不便。     

铝/磷/氮三元体系阻燃PU硬泡的制备与性能研究

以氢氧化铝、三聚氰胺和聚磷酸铵为阻燃剂制备了阻燃聚氨酯硬质泡沫,研究了添加氢氧化铝前后阻燃剂用量对聚氨酯(PU)硬泡的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,铝/磷/氮复配阻燃体系的阻燃效果优于磷/氮阻燃体系,阻燃剂总添加量达30份时,PU硬泡同时具备较好的阻燃性能和力学性能,氧指数为32,烟密度为74,平均燃烧时间为31 s,其压缩强度和拉伸强度分别为6.52 MPa和6.16 MPa。     

低密度及难燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的研制

分别采用高活性聚醚多元醇和阻燃聚合物多元醇(TM-300)为主要原料,制备了低密度及难燃低密度高回弹泡沫.介绍了低密度高回弹泡沫的性能,讨论了TM-300的用量对难燃低密度高回弹泡沫性能的影响.结果表明,低密度高回弹泡沫密度可低至35 kg/m3,性能与一般密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫相当;随着TM-300用量的增加,难燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的硬度和拉伸强度增加,撕裂强度和伸长率下降;当TM-300用量为50份时,难燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫密度为40 kg/m3,氧指数达32,各项性能优于使用添加阻燃剂型泡沫.     

环戊烷—异戊烷混合烃发泡技术在冰箱生产中的应用

介绍碳氢发泡新一代替代技术 :环戊烷 -异戊烷发泡聚氨酯硬泡技术在冰箱生产中的应用情况 ,并从发泡工艺及性能上与环戊烷发泡体系进行了比较。结果表明 ,与环戊烷发泡体系相比 ,环戊烷 -异戊烷发泡体系加工工艺性良好 ,在冰箱发泡灌注量上减少了 7% ,泡沫密度降低 10 % ,同时泡沫的尺寸稳定性好 ,且密度分布较环戊烷发泡体系均匀 ,仅泡沫热导率在常温下测试略微升高 ,导热系数约为 2 1.5mW /m·K ,但泡沫材料在低温状态下保温性能良好 ,使整机能耗维持原有水平 ,可降低发泡生产成本。     

微生物固定化网状聚氨酯载体的研制

介绍微生物固定化网状聚氨酯泡沫塑料载体的制备工艺,着重讨论多元醇种类和用量、发泡剂用量和发泡工艺对泡沫孔径和密度等的影响,并对这种新型载体和陶粒载体的应用实验进行比较。结果表明,在污水处理中,网状聚氨酯泡沫塑料附着的菌量多,是较好的新型微生物固定化载体。     

Development of polyurethane‐based sheets by phase inversion method for therapeutic footwear applications: Synthesis,fabrication, and characterization

It has been proved that polyurethane (PU) foam and viscoelastic PUs are offering better cushioning and shock absorption properties than other materials such as foam rubbers, polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, and polyvinyl chloride which are used currently as insole materials in therapeutic footwear for diabetic and orthopedic patients to “offload” or redistribute high pressure under the foot. The aim of this research work was to prepare viscoelastic materials based on PUs having the highest degree of phase separation that provides for the elastomeric nature of these polymers. Polymer structures with a high concentration of amide groups can be made with the addition of hydrazine or a diacid hydrazide to a diisocyanate. We had prepared various PUs by chain extending the isocyanate‐terminated prepolymer with terepthalic dihydrazide, 5‐hydroxy isothalic dihydrazide, and 1,4‐butanediol. Polymers were developed into sheets by phase inversion method using dimethyl formamide as solvent and water as nonsolvent. To improve the mechanical properties of PU sheets the polymer solution was blended with polyester‐based PU Desmopan 8078 (CPU) in 1 : 1 ratio and the solution mixture was developed into sheet by the same method. Further PU sheets based on only CPU were also developed with various concentrations of PU. The synthesized PU and their blends with CPU were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermo gravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Morphological characteristics of PU sheets were studied by scanning electron microscopy. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

A flame‐retardant composite foam: foaming polyurethane in melamine formaldehyde foam skeleton

A composite foam, polyurethane–melamine formaldehyde (PU/MF) foam, was prepared through foaming PU resins in the three‐dimensional netlike skeleton of MF foam. The chemical structure, morphology, cell size and distribution, flame retardancy, thermal properties and mechanical properties of such composite foam were systematically investigated. It was found that the PU/MF foam possessed better fire retardancy than pristine PU foam and achieved self‐extinguishment. Moreover, no melt dripping occurred due to the contribution of the carbonized MF skeleton network. In order to further improve the flame retardancy of the composite foam, a small amount of a phosphorus flame retardant (ammonium polyphosphate) and a char‐forming agent (pentaerythritol) were incorporated into the foam, together with the nitrogen‐rich MF, thus constituting an intumescent flame‐retardant (IFR) system. Owing to the IFR system, the flame‐retardant PU/MF foam can generate a large bulk of expanded char acting as an efficient shielding layer to hold back the diffusion of heat and oxygen. As a result, the flame‐retardant PU/MF foam achieved a higher limiting oxygen index of 31.2% and exhibited immediate self‐extinguishment. It exhibited significantly reduced peak heat release rate and total heat release, as well as higher char residual ratio compared to PU foam. Furthermore, the composite foam also showed obviously improved mechanical performance in comparison with PU foam. Overall, the present investigation provided a new approach for fabricating a polymer composite foam with satisfactory flame retardancy and good comprehensive properties. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effects of composition and processing conditions on the properties of a series of shock mitigating phenolic foams

The effects of variations in the chemical composition and processing conditions of the series of phenolic foams described in the two previous papers were studied. Compressive stiffness and density increased with increasing concentrations of the acid catalysts, the slower reacting phenolic resin component, water, the lipophilic component of the surfactant system, and age of the phenolic resins. These properties decreased with increasing concentration of the fluorocarbon blowing agent and process temperature. The compressive stiffness and density increased to a maximum and then decreased with increasing concentrations of the hydrophilic surfactant. Permeability or “breathability” of the foam decreased with the hydrophilic surfactant at low concentrations and then became essentially independent of further increases of this component. Increasing concentrations of the lipophilic surfactant gave foam having greater breathability. In all other cases the permeability of the foam decreased as its density increased. Effects of the variations in processing and composition on the dependency of load bearing upon density, on relationships between permeability and density and permeability and compressive stiffness, and upon cell structures are also described.     

结构型含磷氮元素阻燃聚氨酯软质泡沫塑料的研制

以嘧胺、甲醛、三氯氧磷和氧化乙烯类化合物为主要原料,合成出含有三嗪环和环状磷酸酯结构的新型阻燃聚醚多元醇,ＩＲ 谱图证实了其结构。用此阻燃聚醚多元醇与ＴＤＩ通过一步法发泡工艺制成,分子结构型阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料,对其配方及性能进行了测试研究,最大极限氧指数达２９．３ ,拉伸强度０．５６ＭＰａ ,伸长率１５８ ％ ,密度３５ｋｇ／ｍ２ ,该软泡沫塑料避免了添加型阻燃软泡沫塑料存在的稳定性差,阻燃剂分布不均等弊病,而且发泡工艺简单,设备投资少,易于操作管理。     

聚酰亚胺泡沫材料吸声性能对比研究

通过阻抗管法研究了聚酰亚胺(PI)、三聚氰胺(MFF)和聚氨酯(PU)3种泡沫材料对声音的吸收特性。结果表明:与MFF和PU泡沫材料相比,PI泡沫材料具有优异的吸声降噪性能;随着材料密度的增大,3种泡沫的吸声降噪性能都有相应提高。     

低密度及阻燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫研制

采用聚醚多元醇和阻燃聚合物多元醇为主要原料,制备了低密度及阻燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫,讨论了低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫性能及阻燃聚合物多元醇TM-300用量对聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响。结果表明,低密度高回弹泡沫密度可低至35kg/m3,性能与一般密度聚氨酯泡沫相当。随着TM-300用量增加,阻燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的硬度和拉伸强度增加,撕裂强度和伸长率下降;TM-300可有效提高聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性能,氧指数可达到32,各项性能均较优异。