现代图书馆对图书管理员的素质要求

随着信息技术、网络技术的发展,传统型图书馆正向着复合图书馆演进。传统图书馆以印刷出版物载体形式为主的馆藏资源基础上增加了数字图书馆、虚拟图书馆等的内容;增加了对网络上海量、繁杂、无序的虚拟知识信息进行对口采掘、集聚、组织、检索;增加了对馆藏电子出版物、声频、视频文献等的组织与加工方法、宣传与传递的方式与路径。如何整合传统图书馆与数字图书馆服务,如何拓展延伸图书馆的服务领域,传统图书馆的参考咨询、专业检索如何与远程服务相结合,如何围绕用户信息需求实现传统图书馆服务再设计是图书馆人亟待解决的问题。     

印刷业 多变环境下的求生法则

经济环境萌生变动,印刷业如何"以动制动"?近年来,中国经济开始步入转变发展方式的新时代。转变发展方式不仅是经济发展和技术进步的必然结果和内在要求,也是印刷工业面对中国经济通货膨胀持续、人民币升值、原材料价格上涨以及用工成本增加等     

如何有效保护软件开发中的知识产权

知识产权在现代社会经济的发展中有着举足轻重的作用,软件业作为一个新兴并高速发展的行业,其知识产权问题对其增加企业利润、调动员工积极性等方面的作用也不容忽视。如何有效保护软件开发中的知识产权,彻底杜绝盗版软件,成为软件行业甚至全社会的重点研究课题。     

体育彩票吸引高收入彩民的必要性及营销策略研究

本文运用文献资料发、比较法、逻辑推理法等研究方法探究体育彩票如何发挥体育特色、吸引高收入彩民,针对高收入彩民的相关购彩特征制定出有效的定向性营销策略,旨在增加高收入彩民比例,增加体育彩票销量;优化体育彩民结构,以更好地发挥体育彩票均衡社会财富,优化资源配置的公益性功能,推动体育彩票稳固长远发展。     

浅谈农田灌溉用水及节水高产措施

随着国民经济的快速发展，与国际关系的不稳定性，粮食安全已列入议事日程。随着工程建设占地的增加，为了保证占补平衡，来补充耕地，土地整理、灌区续建与节水改造已成为流行用语。总之是为了稳定耕地面积，并增加粮食产量。“增产粮食离不开水、肥、气、热”。“水是农业的经济命脉”。特别是旱田作物，由于干旱缺水，长期以来困扰着粮食的高产稳产，严重制约着广大农村经济的发展和农民生活水平的提高。作为水务工作者，我们不能不思考如何充分开发利用有限的水土资源。下面仅就作物与灌溉需水量等关键的问题，分析如何利用好水资源。     

几种新型物理填料在抄纸中的应用

如何在增加纸张产量的同时降低生产成本,如何进一步提高纸张质量和性能等问题,已经引起造纸界的广泛关注。在造纸过程中,为了增加纸张的不透明性、吸收性等性能,提高纸张质量,在纸浆内加入难溶于或不溶于水的固体微粒,俗称填料。近期国内外出现了几种新型填料,能够更好地提高留着并改善纸张性能。     

开发潜能，发展品牌—访雅迪香料（广州）有限公司总经理武燕玲女士

随着工业的快速发展和消费品的强劲拉动,世界香精香料工业高速发展,已呈现出高度垄断、高研发投入和高度竞争的形势。我国本土香精香料行业也面临销售成本增加、技术创新落后和价格优势消退等困难。目前在我国食用香精香料的应用中,冷饮占据着大部分市场,其次是乳制品、糖果、糕点等烘焙食品。但烘焙业对于耐高温香精的强烈需求是对香精行业的独特挑战。近日,专注于烘焙类香精的雅迪香料（广州）有限公司总经理武燕玲女士围绕如何发展品牌、应对挑战、赢得市场等问题进行了阐述。     

东南沿海大棚葡萄“三省”节本技术调查初报

近年来,东南沿海地区大棚葡萄发展迅猛,栽培技术、产品质量和经济效益都居全国前列。但同时面临着诸多不利因素:用工成本迅速攀升;肥料、棚膜等大宗农资价格大幅上扬等,造成生产成本迅速增加,降低了葡萄栽培的经济效益,成为制约本地区葡萄产业稳步发展的瓶颈。如何在确保葡萄品质的前提下节本增效,已成为葡萄产业亟待解     

云计算应用于高职实训机房的构想

本文结合近年来高职院校实训机房随招生规模和在校生不断增加而不断增加的资金投入和工作强度的发展特点,阐述如何通过云计算解决这些问题。     

Chapter 3 科学防控近视,这些点切勿忽略

正现在对于很多中小学生来说,无论是完成作业还是娱乐,往往离不开手机、电脑等电子产品。但随之而来的,便是孩子们的视力问题。那么当下儿童青少年的视力情况到底如何呢?我们又该如何科学预防或控制近视的发展?一起来看看专家们给出的合理建议吧!现状篇——儿童青少年近视呈低龄化、不断增长的态势据了解,现阶段中国儿童青少年近视呈现发病率逐年增加、近视程度加深和     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press