高浓度含盐废水液中焚烧处理技术

概述了常规水处理技术处理高浓度含盐废水的局限性,介绍了液中焚烧处理含盐废水的工艺技术和特点,通过对液中焚烧技术正压工艺与负压工艺进行比较来论证正压工艺的可靠性;对烟囱"白烟"的产生原理予以说明,并提出预防措施。含盐废水液中焚烧技术燃烧效率高、防腐能力强、控制先进,避免了传统焚烧炉工艺的诸多弊端,解决了高化学需氧量(COD)含盐废水难以连续运转的难题,符合国家各项法律法规要求。     

有机氯化物焚烧技术的研究和设计

介绍了目前国内外焚烧炉的技术现状,并对焚烧技术的关键点进行研究分析,设计出适合企业自身发展需要的有机氯化物焚烧工艺技术,通过实施实现有机氯化物环保化处理。     

丙烯腈装置含氰污废水节能减排技术改造

丙烯腈装置扩能改造后含氰污水和废水量很大,严重影响公司节能减排目标的实现。含氰污水实现减排的主要手段是减少四效外排污水总氰和COD的排放浓度和排放总量;减少焚烧尾气排放量是通过提高焚烧炉的焚烧能力和效果来减排。治理含氰废水量大的主要手段是对产生废水的车间进行相应的工艺改造和工艺优化来降低废水的生成量。     

鼓泡焚烧炉在污泥焚烧领域中的应用

污泥焚烧工艺适用于国内经济实力强、土地资源有限、污泥产生量多的一线大城市。目前,国内一些污泥焚烧处理项目正在实施。鼓泡焚烧炉具有适应性好、焚烧效率高、维护方便等优点,在世界污泥焚烧处理领域已经得到了广泛应用。本文介绍了鼓泡焚烧炉的技术特性和结构,鼓泡焚烧炉将在国内污泥焚烧领域得到广泛应用。     

国内丙烯腈行业废水焚烧现状与重要性分析

统计了目前国内丙烯腈行业在运丙烯腈装置的废水焚烧情况,对丙烯腈废水焚烧的重要性和难点进行了分析。随着国家环保要求及人民环境要求的不断提高,要求丙烯腈装置必须实现环保达标排放。所有丙烯腈装置均需要配建新型废水焚烧炉,并实现达标排放。激烈的市场竞争要求相关厂家不断优化废水焚烧装置运行工况,提高其运行的安全性、平稳性和经济性。     

含盐废水焚烧处理技术在化工行业的应用

介绍了德国欧萨斯有限公司特有的含盐废水焚烧技术在上海华谊丙烯酸有限公司32万t/a丙烯酸及酯项目中的应用,重点阐明了该废水焚烧炉的设计原则和主要技术优势,为化工生产装置含盐废水的处理和热量回收提供参考。     

有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧工艺及自动控制研究

文章先分析了有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧工艺,随后介绍了有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧自动控制分析,包括焚烧控制难点、自动控制方案设计、系统通行方案设计,希望能给相关人士提供有效参考。     

4000吨/年硫磺回收装置焚烧系统技术改造

介绍了陕西延长石油集团延安石油化工厂硫磺回收装置焚烧系统从开工运行到实施技术改造前存在的问题,包括:液化气脱硫醇尾气问题、焚烧炉助燃风问题、焚烧炉温度变送器问题、焚烧炉尾气余热利用等问题,并进行了改造,改造后焚烧系统运行良好。     

焚烧法处理含酚废水

铸造粘结剂生产中排出的污水含酚浓度高达６％,ＣＯＤｃｒ浓度高达１７８５００ｍｇ／Ｌ,采用萃取、吸附等方法均能达标排放。采用焚烧法处理浓度高、水量小的含酚废水,焚烧尾气中的有害物远远低于《大气污染排放标准》,本文介绍了废水焚烧所需的条件及焚烧炉运行的技术参数。     

适用于煤焦化厂WSA工艺的焚烧装置设计

针对煤焦化厂WSA工艺的特点,介绍其焚烧装置的设计。煤焦化厂WSA工艺的主要设备有酸性气焚烧装置、SO_2转化器、WSA冷凝器以及酸雾控制单元。酸性气焚烧装置是整个工艺流程的第一个关键设备,而燃烧器是酸性气焚烧炉的核心部件。焚烧装置的设计能力对WSA工艺的运行起到至关重要作用。     

水泥窑协同处置生活垃圾渗滤液工艺及应用

水泥窑协同处置生活垃圾项目需要对生活垃圾渗滤液进行无害化处理,现有的处理方式普遍存在投资运行成本高、影响焚烧炉和水泥窑稳定运行等问题。通过对不同处理方式进行比选,得到一种独创的渗滤液三级回喷焚烧工艺,利用窑头篦冷机、窑尾分解炉和焚烧炉的高温焚烧渗滤液,并成功应用于宜昌花林水泥窑协同处置生活垃圾项目。     

Klärschlammverbrennung in einer stationären Wirbelschicht mit integrierter Phosphor-Rückgewinnung

Currently, wet-chemical and thermochemical processes in particular are being discussed for the future obligatory recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge. The coupling of phosphorus recovery with incineration in stationary fluidized bed incinerators, the dominant mono-incineration technology, offers potential advantages in terms of aftertreatment costs and economic efficiency. Tests have shown that by adjusting the incineration conditions and adding additives, an ash could be produced that corresponds to the fertilizer ordinance (DüMV) and can, therefore, potentially be used as phosphorus recyclate.     

An adaptive fuzzy approach for the incineration temperature control process

There are many factors affecting the combustion process in incinerators; one of them is how to control the temperature of the incineration and reduce the emissions. In this work, a second-order model of the adaptive fuzzy control strategy is adopted to stabilize the combustion temperature and the results demonstrate that the adaptive control strategy with the adaptive factors is a good method to achieve the goal of incineration temperature control.     

垃圾焚烧系统换热表面的积灰生长与控制研究进展

焚烧是我国处理城市生活垃圾的重要方式，能够实现城市生活垃圾的减量化、无害化和资源化利用。由于城市生活垃圾水分高、盐分多、热值低，导致垃圾焚烧炉普遍面临严重的积灰问题，这不仅为垃圾焚烧炉的安全运行带来隐患，还严重影响垃圾焚烧发电厂的经济效益。本文综述了垃圾焚烧炉受热面积灰生长的研究现状，介绍了垃圾焚烧炉受热面积灰生长的机理，分析了飞灰粒径、烟气流速、烟气温度、换热面温度等对垃圾焚烧炉受热面积灰生长特性产生影响的因素。在燃煤锅炉和生物质炉积灰结渣的现有积灰模型基础上，需要结合垃圾炉的积灰实验数据发展可以预测垃圾焚烧炉积灰结渣问题的模型。针对垃圾焚烧炉受热面积灰严重的现象，本文提出了设备改进、工艺优化、使用添加剂和涂层技术抑制积灰生长的一系列方法。最后总结了当前的重点研究内容，提出了建立能够准确预测垃圾焚烧炉积灰生长的模型，开发新的有效减轻垃圾焚烧炉换热面积灰的涂层等今后开展研究的方向，为垃圾焚烧电厂的合理运行提供了参考建议。     

城市生活垃圾焚烧炉各工艺参数对二噁英生成的影响

二英的致命毒性及其对人体可能产生的影响已经引起了广大研究者的关注。城市生活垃圾的焚烧是二英形成的主要途径之一 ,因此如何控制垃圾焚烧中二英的形成和排放是目前研究的热点问题之一。介绍了二英的性质以及各工艺参数 (燃烧温度、形成二英的母体物质、碳源和氯源、表面材料、反应时间、金属离子催化剂以及气体组成和水分等 )对二英生成的影响     

汽提塔在PET废水处理上的应用

新PET工艺将酯化废水和工艺尾气通过蒸气喷射泵引入汽提塔,挥发性的有机混合物进入热媒炉燃烧室作为燃料焚烧处理,燃油消耗量同比下降0.8 t/d,废水COD的去除率70%,乙醛去除率98.5%,吨产品排放COD量减少3.84 kg,从而极大减轻了废水处理装置负担。采用压缩空气代替汽提塔蒸汽的优化工艺,完全适用于PET实际生产过程,能够达到原汽提塔的处理效果,并且出水温度降低,节约了蒸汽消耗,运行费用降低。     

Air and water pollution control in crude tall oil manufacture in the pulp and paper industry

Pollution preventive measures should be built into the process when a new mill is designed; corrective measures must be taken on existing mills. For air pollution control, these measures consist essentially of enclosing all vessels that contain the black liquor from which the tall oil is recovered. Hoods are placed over storage tanks, sumps, heat exchangers, and other liquor-containing vessels. The hoods must be vented to a ductwork system that brings the off-gases to a central point for disposition. Typical devices to remove the offensive odors and particulate matter in the off-gases are wet scrubbers and incinerators. Evaporation can be used to concentrate liquids containing small amounts of contaminants to much smaller volumes and to concentrations that permit incineration. The lime kiln and recovery boiler of the typical Kraft mill commonly are used to burn the odorous gases, thus destroying the odors completely. Sometimes a separate incinerator is required. Water pollution is best prevented by careful design and operation of the various tall oil removal equipment, such as soap skimmers, level controls, and valving systems. In spite of great care in design and operation, some tall oil will enter the wastewater stream. The effluent treatment plant must be designed to take care of this residual biochemical oxygen demand load and, in some cases, provide for color reduction in the treated effluent. One of seven papers presented in the symposium “Tall Oil,” AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, May 1973.     

COMBUSTION OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS

Thermal destruction by incineration of chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHC) is an attractive method for the volume reduction and ultimate disposal of wastes. The present paper provides further insight into the fundamental properties of CHC for understanding the mechanism, rates of oxidation and other combustion characteristics, e.g., flame stability, ignition delay, sooting characteristics. CHC compounds require longer residence time at elevated temperatures for their destruction. CHC flames have lower flame velocity and are more prone to soot formation than their nonchlorinated counterpart. Flame velocity and maximum flame temperature decreases with increase in chlorine content of the hydrocarbon compound and decrease in preheat temperature of the fuel mixture. In addition to the CHC compounds decomposed by thermal destruction, their products during incineration must also be considered in the incineration design. Some CHC's are known to yield relatively more stable products of combustion than their parent compound during incineration. Present information will assist in a better design of incinerators for CHC combustion but further work is urgently required for the successful design and reliable operation of incineration for a range of CHC wastes.