高温水蓄冷过冷空调系统性能研究

阐述了高温水蓄冷过冷空调系统原理，对该新型蓄冷过冷空调系统若干方案进行了选择，特别是对蓄冷水箱的掺混度进行了研究，建立了空调用蓄冷水箱内温度分层特性数理模型，模拟了蓄冷水箱内温度分布规律，并与实验值进行了比较，两者基本吻合，该模型可为水蓄冷系统储水相的设计和运行提供理论依据。     

蓄冷型二氧化碳空调系统理论设计与分析

对蓄冷型二氧化碳空调进行了理论研究。描述了系统组成和运行模式，建立了一个简易设计计算模型，重点计算了过冷运行模式下的制冷量和性能系数，给出了与常规系统不同的过冷器和蒸发器的设计结果。分析表明，融冰过冷方法能显著提高二氧化碳空调性能。     

空调蓄冷相变材料的最新研究

相变材料是一种新型的蓄冷材料,5～10℃的相变材料在空调蓄冷系统中的应用越来越受到重视,已成为国际研究的热点。叙述了用于空调蓄冷的相变材料的选择原则和有机、无机相变材料的优缺点,概括和评述了近年来相变蓄冷材料在开发新型材料、提高导热系数和降低过冷度等方面的研究进展,并展望了空调蓄冷相变材料的研究趋势。     

蓄能型多联式中央空调的试验研究

对一种采用制冷剂直接蒸发、内融冰盘管式制冰,并利用大温差过冷方案运行的小型多联式冰蓄冷中央空调系统进行了试验研究。该系统是依据大过冷度制冷循环原理将多联系统与过冷冰蓄冷循环相结合而设计的,通过管路设计使系统兼具热泵和蓄热运行功能。分析了该系统的原理和结构,通过实验对系统性能进行了测试,结果表明这一系统是可行的,能够满足设计要求,对电网可以起到一定的“移峰填谷”作用,其控制简单灵活,且可方便的实现蓄冷和释冷运行。     

小型蓄冷空调系统性能研究

阐述了小型空调系统的工作原理和循环特性，分析了该蓄冷空调系统在不同工况下的性能，讨论了不同工况下的过冷度对该系统性能的影响。     

小型蓄冷空调系统动态性能研究

阐述小型空调系统的工作原理和循环特性,分析了该蓄冷空调系统在不同工况下的性能,讨论了不同工况下的过冷度对该系统性能的影响.     

基于PROMETHEEⅡ方法的蓄冷空调方案选择

蓄冷空调以其削峰填谷功能受到电厂;阳用户的欢迎,现阶段主要有冰蓄冷空调、冷却水蓄冷空调、相变蓄冷空调和高温水蓄冷空调4种类型。本文使用PROMETHEEⅡ方法对这4种类型的蓄冷空调从技术、经济和环保等方面进行多指标评价。PROMETHEEⅡ方法以构造优先函数为基础,计算各方案“净流量”,按照净流量对方案进行排序进而选出最优方案。通过计算比较发现,冰蓄冷空调在现阶段是一种最优的蓄冷空调方案。     

冰蓄冷平板堆积床动态蓄冷特性理论研究

建立了描述冰蓄冷平板堆积床动态蓄冷特性的数理模型 ,并进行了数值计算。利用计算结果分析蓄冷剂过冷度、载冷剂流量对蓄冷性能的影响 ,从而为设计和优化冰蓄冷堆积床动态蓄冷性能奠定了基础。     

平板蓄冷器蓄冰过程试验研究

本文在自行研制的冰蓄冷试验装置上研究了平板内的蓄冰过程,得出了载冷剂进出口温度和蓄冷剂温度随时间的变化规律,并对冰蓄冷过程进行了成核研究,通过添加人工成核可减少冰箱冷过程的过冷度,从而提高蓄冰主机的效率。     

空调蓄冷及气体水合蓄冷技术

本文论述了蓄冷空调对电力主财峰，平衡电网和节能的意义，比较分析各种蓄冷方式的技术经济性，着重介绍了气体水合蓄冷技术的研究结果及其蓄冷空调系统的方案设计与经济性评估方法，论证了气体水合蓄冷空调的技术可行性，并指出了发展蓄冷空调技术应采取的电力负载管理策略及大规模推广应用该技术的前景。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。