基于FIR与相位补偿IIR滤波器的雷达回波信号处理

FIR与IIR频率选择滤波器的设计,被广泛应用于数字信号处理领域之中。文章以雷达回波信号的数字处理为例,首先分别设计FIR,IIR滤波器完成了对信号特定频率分量的滤除。进而,针对IIR滤波器的非线性相位,基于最优化设计全通系统实现了相位补偿,并对FIR,IIR滤波器进行了综合比较。     

数字FIR滤波器的设计与实现

数字滤波器是一种用来过滤时间离散信号的数字系统，通过对抽样数据进行数学处理来达到频域滤波的目的。根据其单位冲激响应函数的时域特性可分为两类：无限冲激响应（IIR）滤波器和有限冲激响应（FIR）滤波器。与IIR滤波器相比，FIR的实现是非递归的，它总是稳定的，更重要的是，FIR滤波器在满足幅频响应要求的同时，可以获得严格的线性相位特性。因此，它在高保真的信号处理，[第一段]     

IIR数字滤波器的FPGA实现

应用Matlab工具软件对IIR数字滤波器进行参数计算和仿真.进一步给出了用FPGA实现IIR数字滤波器的硬件电路方案.用VHDL语言描述了FPGA的电路系统设计及其仿真,结果表明设计的IIR数字滤波器满足设计要求.     

基于Lerner滤波器的线性相位音频均衡器设计方法

IIR(Infinite Impulse Response)滤波器设计的音频均衡器存在相位失真,而FIR(Finite Impulse Response)滤波器设计的音频均衡器的计算复杂度较高.Lerner滤波器具有近似线性相位、计算复杂度偏低等特点,提出了基于Lerner滤波器实现线性相位均衡器的方法,并给出了实现均衡器的结构和详细的设计步骤.计算机仿真结果表明该方法设计的均衡器具有频率选择性好、近似线性相位的优点.     

一种数字全通滤波器的设计方法研究

研究了一种数字全通滤波器的设计方法.对于一个平稳的全通滤波器,其分母多项式一定具有最小相位.该方法是基于最小相位滤波器的复倒谱系数和其群迟延函数以及其系统函数之间的关系,通过一个非线性的递归方程求解分母多项式的系数.由全通滤波器的特性已知,分母系数可以完全决定全通滤波器的传递函数.仿真结果表明这种方法能够使所设计滤波器的群延迟特性在整个频率范围内以近似理想的群延迟特性存在.并结合实现提出了一种用FIR逼近IIR的方法.     

基于MATLAB的FIR数字滤波器的设计

在满足幅度特性的要求下,FIR系统可以保证严格的线性相位特性,合理设计滤波器各参数以逼近理想滤波器,从而满足设计性能指标。反之,在某种准则下设计滤波器各参数,可获取最优结果。这里借助MATLAB软件工具箱,采用三种不同的方法设计FIR数字滤波器,并进行对比。     

高性能CIC抽取滤波器研究与设计

针对采样率变换系统中CIC抽取滤波器存在通带失真较大和阻带衰减较小的问题,提出一种高性能CIC抽取滤波器的设计方法,该方法采用补偿滤波器技术和非递归并行结构.仿真结果表明,通带失真与阻带衰减特性明显优于传统的CIC,CIC-Cosine,ISOP-CIC等滤波器.因此,适用于对幅频特性要求较高的采样率变换系统.     

基于Matlab的IIR数字滤波器快速设计

针对数字滤波器的概念比较抽象,且数值计算较为繁琐的问题,文中给出了借助模拟滤波器快速设计IIR数字滤波器的方法,并在Matlab环境下做出了IIR滤波器的快速设计系统。设计实例及运行结果表明,该设计方法简化了IIR数字滤波器的设计程序,并大幅提高了设计效率。     

用三区振幅和相位滤波器优化固体浸没透镜显微系统的光场分布

构造了三区振幅型和相位型滤波器,用矢量衍射理论分析了两种滤波器对固体浸没透镜显微系统透射场的优化作用.从光斑大小、聚焦强度(Strehl比)和边瓣强度等方面比较了两种滤波器的超分辨特性.数值结果指出,振幅型滤波器具有边瓣强度小,边界参数容限大的优点.相位型滤波器的超分辨效果比振幅滤波器的好,它的聚焦强度比振幅型的大.但是它的边瓣强度比振幅型的大.     

基于单自由度振动模型的IIR数字滤波器设计

无限冲击响应(IIR)数字滤波器设计通常需要先设计S域滤波器,再变换到Z域。为简化IIR数字滤波器的设计过程,本文提出利用单自由度系统(SDOF)模型直接设计IIR数字滤波器的方法,包括低通、带通、高通、带阻等。仿真结果表明设计过程直接、简单,滤波器参数不需要随采样频率而变,具有良好特性,是一种设计IIR数字滤波器的简便易用的新方法。     

DESIGN OF POLYPHASE WAVE DIGITAL FILTERS WITH APPROXIMATELY LINEAR PHASE

It is well known that IIR digital filters require quite fewer computations,comparedwith FIR filters,in order to meet stringent magnitude specifications when the phase distortioncan be tolerated.An approximately linear phase,however,can be also obtained with the IIRfilter by making use of a technique without increasing the complexity.Based on a certain numberof attenuation zeros in the pass band,a new approach is developed for the design of polyphasewave digital filters with exact magnitude responses and Chebyshev approximation of the desiredphase responses.The minimum number of attenuation zeros is estimated,and some examples areincluded.     

Least-squares design of IIR filters with prescribed magnitude andphase responses and a pole radius constraint

This paper presents a method for the frequency domain design of infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filters. The proposed method designs filters approximating prescribed magnitude and phase responses. IIR filters of this kind can have approximately linear-phase responses in their passbands, or they can equalize magnitude and phase responses of given systems. In many cases, these filters can be implemented with less memory and with fewer computations per output sample than equivalent finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. An important feature of the proposed method is the possibility to specify a maximum radius for the poles of the designed rational transfer function. Consequently, stability can be guaranteed, and undesired effects of implementations using fixed-point arithmetic can be alleviated by restricting the poles to keep a prescribed distance from the unit circle. This is achieved by applying Rouche's theorem in the proposed design algorithm. We motivate the use of IIR filters with an unequal number of poles and zeros outside the origin of the complex plane. In order to satisfy simultaneous specifications on magnitude and phase responses, it is advantageous to use IIR filters with only a few poles outside the origin of the z-plane and an arbitrary number of zeros. Filters of this type are a compromise between IIR filters with optimum magnitude responses and phase-approximating FIR filters. We use design examples to compare filters designed by the proposed method to those obtained by other methods. In addition, we compare the proposed general IIR filters with other popular more specialized structures such as FIR filters and cascaded systems consisting of frequency-selective IIR filters and phase-equalizing allpass filters     

广义切比雪夫波导带阻滤波器设计

广义切比雪夫带阻滤波器含有相移的设计可以使带阻滤波器实现任意位置的反射零点。含有相移的网络在实现之前必须进行优化以减少杂散波的影响,据此从低通原型电路出发,设计制作并测试了一个结构新颖的含有相移的四阶线形带阻滤波器,其中心频率为9.780 GHz,阻带抑制为39 dB,通带中的回波损耗超过18.17 dB。最终的测试和仿真结果证明了这种设计的可行性。     

Least-squares monotonic lowpass filters with sharp cutoff

A new class of lowpass-filter functions with no finite zeros and a monotonic magnitude response is first derived by using a least-squares norm to minimise the passband attenuation, and these filter functions are then augmented by adding one pair or multiple pairs of j?-axis zeros. The magnitude characteristics of these filters are compared with those of the generalised inverse Cheby?shev filters and are found to be superior, both in the passband and in the stopband.     

A universal building block for advanced modular design of microwave filters

A universal building block for modular design of microwave filters is introduced. The second order block contains two resonators which are not coupled to each other. By adjusting the strengths and signs of its coupling coefficients, the block can be used to design bandpass, bandstop and linear-phase filters. For bandpass filters, Chebychev as well as symmetric and asymmetric pseudo-elliptic responses with one or two finite transmission zeros can be designed. For linear-phase filters, two finite transmission zeros can placed practically anywhere in the complex plane as long as the realizability condition is met. Bandstop filters with no finite reflection zeros as well as symmetric and asymmetric pseudo-elliptic responses with one or two finite reflection zeros can be achieved by the same building block. The block is so flexible it can even generate bandstop responses with complex finite reflection zeros for group delay control. Higher order filters are designed modularly by cascading the appropriate number of building blocks. Coupling matrices of a number of cases are presented to demonstrate the flexibility and the universality of the building block.     

广义切比雪夫型LC滤波器的设计*

提出一种广义切比雪夫型LC滤波器的设计方法,带外传输零点可以是任意设定,其带外特性既可以对称,也可以不对称.采用此方法设计出的LC滤波器,其带内波动可以与最大平坦型滤波器一样很小,而矩形系数可以与椭圆函数型滤波器一样好.每一个传输零点的位置可以由一个元器件的取值大小控制.与椭圆函数型LC滤波器相比,相同数量的元器件,它可以实现更陡的截止特性.     

All-pass-based design of nearly-linear phase IIR low-pass differentiators

ABSTRACT

A new approach to the design of the nearly linear phase infinite impulse response low-pass differentiators using a parallel all-pass structure is discussed in this paper. The magnitude and phase responses of the proposed low-pass differentiators are first formulated as functions of the phase responses of the corresponding all-pass filters, and a set of equations is derived such that the magnitude response approximates the ideal one in the weighted Chebyshev sense both in the passband and the stopband. The maximum passband phase response linearity error is shown to be related to the maximum passband magnitude error and the value of an additional design parameter. Comparison with the existing nearly-linear phase infinite impulse response low-pass differentiators shows that the low-pass differentiators designed using the proposed method usually require less multiplications, which comes at the cost of a somewhat higher filter order and consequently higher group delay. However, as the reduced number of multiplications lead to lower power consumption if hardware implementation is considered, the proposed low-pass differentiators are an attractive alternative in applications where low group delay is not of crucial importance.     

具有任意幅度频响的二维线性相位FIR数字滤波器的设计

本文提出了设计任意幅度频响的二维线性相位ＦＩＲ数字滤波器的解析最小二乘方法，通过最小化频域平方误差函数得到了滤波器系数的闭式解，运用导出的闭式式，可根据给定的任意幅度频响指标直接计算滤波器的系数，从而简化了滤波器设计程序，并大大降低了运算量。     

源与负载感性交叉耦合的小型介质滤波器

为了提高滤波器的阻带衰减,研究了源与负载感性交叉耦合的小型介质滤波器。首次提出一种新概念：将源和负载看作准谐振器。以贴片电感作为源与负载之间、源与第二个谐振器之间的交叉耦合元件,两个准谐振器和两个介质谐振器可构成级联四节(CQ),一个准谐振器和两个介质谐振器可构成级联三节(CT)。分析了传输零点的位置,详细讨论了这种滤波器结构的设计方法。采用介电常数为80的介质陶瓷组装了3个两级介质滤波器,并进行测试,结果表明传输零点的个数和位置与仿真设计相符合。滤波器的体积小,均为14 mm×6.5 mm×10 mm。     

Design of optimal minimum phase FIR filters by direct factorization

An improved method of designing optimal minimum phase FIR filters by directly finding zeros is proposed. The zeros off the unit circle are found by an efficient special purpose root-finding algorithm without deflation. The proposed algorithm utilizes the passband minimum ripple frequencies to establish the initial points, and employs a modified Newton's iteration to find the accurate initial points for a standard Newton's iteration. We show, with examples, that the proposed algorithm can be used to design very long filters (L = 325) with very high stopband attenuations.