C9 石油树脂的改性

Modified petroleum resin（MPR）was prepared by reaction of isooctanol with the addition compound of C₉ petroleum resin with maleic anhydride．The introduction of polar and flexible groups into petroleum resin causes the latter to be easily blended with polyviny chloride（PVC）so as to enhance the impact strength of PVC．Optimum conditions for petroleum resin modification reaction and the influence of MPR quantity on the strength of the blend were also investigated．     

影响高固含量硅油乳液粒径大小的因素

A silicone oil emulsion with 60% of solid content was prepared with methyl silicone oil used as the main material by means of the emulsifier-in-oil method.The influence of emulsification conditions on the droplet diameter of silicone oil emulsion was discussed.The experimental results showed that the emulsification method,including the quantity of the emulsifier,the time and temperature of emulsification,the emulsifying water dosage,and the stirring speed,had significant impact on the droplet size.The optimal conditions were identified to achieve a smallest droplet diameter of the emulsion at an emulsifier dosage of 6%,an emulsification temperature of 70 ℃,an emulsification time of 30 min,and a stirring speed of 1100 r/min,with water added in two portions at a ratio of 1:1.The high-solid content silicone oil emulsion with a mean droplet diameter of 2.731 μm was prepared under these conditions that could ensure absence of stratification and floating oil under centrifuging at a speed of 3000 r/min for 30 min.     

Promotional Effect of CoO(OH) on Selective Hydrogenation of Maleic Anhydride to γ-Butyrolactone over Supported Ruthenium Catalyst

A decorated ruthenium catalyst was prepared by the coprecipitation method and used for the selective hydrogenation of maleic anhydride(MA) to γ-butyrolactone(GBL). The as-prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD, TGDTG and N2 adsorption techniques. The characterization tests revealed that the catalyst carrier was composed of monoclinic zirconia(m-ZrO2) and hydroxyl cobalt oxide(CoO(OH)). The hydrogenation results showed that the content of CoO(OH), the reaction temperature, the hydrogen pressure and the reaction time significantly affected the catalytic selectivity to GBL. The promotional effect of CoO(OH) was remarkable, which led to an obvious increase in GBL selectivity. An 100% MA conversion and 92.0% selectivity to GBL were achieved over the Ru/ZrO2-CoO(OH)(35%) catalyst in water solvent under the conditions involving a reaction temperature of 180 ℃, a hydrogen pressure of 3.0 MPa, and a reaction time of 6 h.     

Improvements of heat resistance and adhesive property of condensed poly-nuclear aromatic resin via epoxy resin modification

A bisphenol epoxy resin was used as modifier to increase the heat resistance of condensed poly-nuclear aromatic （COPNA） resin. The basic properties of COPNA resin and modified resin were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （1H-NMR）, vapor pressure osmometry （VPO） and elemental analysis （EA）. Average structural parameters of resins were calculated by the improved Brown-Ladner method, and heat resistance of resins was tested by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）. The chemical structure, mechanical properties and heat resistivity of the resin/graphite composites prepared with different resins were compared. The results show that the adhesive property and heat resistance of COPNA resin can be remarkably improved by addition of 5 wt.% epoxy resin. The reason is that the reactions between epoxy groups of epoxy resin and hydroxyl groups of COPNA resin improve the heat resistance and adhesive property of COPNA resin. Electric motor brushes with good mechanical properties and low electrical resistivity were successfully prepared by using the modified resin as binder.     

China Accelerates Construction of Paraxylene Projects

The maleic anhydride esterification process developed by the SINOPEC Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals （FRIPP） has passed the technical appraisal organized under the sponsorship of SINOPEC. Under appropriate process conditions this process can achieve 100% conversion of maleic anhydride, ≥ 99.6% conversion of monomethyl maleate and ≥ 98.2% conversion of dimethyl maleate to meet the needs for downstream processing.     

Natural Composite Material from Steelwool or Luffa cylindrica under Natural,Rigid and Flexible Resin

In a changing world with a high interest in new ecomaterials, natural fibers such as the steelwool or Luffa cylindriea appear in new presentations and mixing with other materials to develop better opportunities to replace synthetic fibers. This work presents a research on the use of steelwool fiber for composite materials, on the basis of the physical properties, that generate conditions of mixing with three binders （matrix） natural： the rosin, artificial hard： polyurethane resin and artificial flexible： flexible twin resin （epoxy） and finally a polyester resin to make a comparison with other major resins. A testing of compression and tension is carried out to the materials analyzed, obtaining three types of composite materials by the above mentioned binders and three proposed presentations of fiber （complete, tissue and ground）. The test tube in tension with polyester resin presented a high rigidity and a percentage of deformation of 14%, resulting in less distortion than the woven with resin polyurethane with 12% of deformation. The presentation with resin polyurethane presented greater resistance to compression, because the resin acts as a sponge absorbing the energy of charge and the join of particles is larger than the other presentations generating greater cohesion among them and avoiding its rupture easily for a load of 2,000 kg. The presentation that is least resisted was the woven in two resins in the stage of energy absorption of load where polyurethane is 800 kg and the flexible twin is 850 kg, because the form of woven fiber distribution creates spaces where there are more resin than fiber.     

润滑脂用高碱值烷基苯磺酸钙的研究

Six kinds of alkylbenzene sulfonic acids were selected to prepare the sulfonates S1—S6. Among them, the sulfonates S3, S4, and S6 could be incorporated into lubricating grease with good performance in comparison with the grease produced from commercial sulfonates T106-1 and T106-2. The optimized conditions for synthesis of the sulfonates S3, S4, and S6 were explored by using different mass ratios of methanol, water and the type of copromoters. It was found out that the appropriate conditions for synthesis of the sulfonate S3 included a methanol to M(M is the total mass of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and base oil) mass ratio of 16%, a water to M mass ratio of 4%, and a copromoter A to M mass ratio of 2%; the appropriate conditions for synthesis of the sulfonate S4 included a methanol to M mass ratio of 24%, a water to M mass ratio of 2%, a copromoter B to M mass ratio of 2%; and the optimized conditions for synthesis of the sulfonate S6 included a methanol/ M mass ratio of 8%, a water/M mass ratio of 4% and a copromoter B/M mass ratio of 2%. The new sulfonates S3, S4, and S6 produced under the optimized conditions exhibited higher TBN and better antiwear property in camparison with the previous products. Grease samples G9, G10, and G11 were prepared with new sulfonates S3, S4, and S6 successfully and exhibited improved water stability and high temperature performance.     

Two-Stage Hydrogenation Modification of C_9 Petroleum Resin over NiWS/γ-Al_2O_3 and PdRu/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalysts in Series

Hydrogenation modification is one of the most important ways to produce high-quality petroleum resin.The colorless C9 petroleum resin(C9PR) was obtained by two-stage catalytic hydrogenation over NiWS/γ-Al2O3 catalyst and PdRu/γ-Al2O3 catalyst connected in series.Via the hydrogenation reaction,aromatic rings in C9PR were converted to alicyclic rings,and its color was reduced from Gardner color grade No.11 to Gardner color grade No.0.The optimum Ni/W atomic ratio was found to be close to 0.23,while the optimum Pd/Ru atomic ratio was close to 3.80.The TEM results showed that the morphology and size of sulfide or metal particles of the two kinds of catalysts remained almost unchanged after the reaction was carried our for 1 204 hours,attesting to their good catalytic stability.     

Stability and Lubrication Properties of Nano Oxides in Base Oil

The target products were prepared by homogeneous precipitation method using SDS and PEG 800, respectively, as surfactant at a reaction temperature of 95℃ for 3 h, followed by calcination at 400℃ for 3 h. The samples were characterized and analyzed by XRD, SEM, FTIR and zeta potential measurements. The products were modified with different surfactants to improve their dispersion stability, both the amount and the best zeta potential values of which were identified in this work. The surface-modified nano-particles were added at a mass fraction of 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0%, respectively, into the base oil. It was showed that the additive in base oil has good oil solubility without detectable corrosion of copper stripe, and had excellent behavior in terms of anti-wear performance and lower friction coefficient.     

盐酸三乙胺-三氯化铝离子液体催化甲苯与氯代叔丁烷烷基化反应

Alkylation of toluene with 2-chloro-2-methylpropane (t-Bu-Cl) to synthesize para-tert-butyltoluene (PTBT) was carried out in the presence of triethylamine hydrochloride-aluminum chloride ionic liquids used as the catalyst. The ionic liquids were prepared with different molar ratios of Et3NHCl to AlCl3 , and the effect of the molar ratio between AlCl 3 and Et3NHCl, the reaction time, the reaction temperature, the ionic liquid dosage, as well as the molar ratio of toluene to chloro-2-methylpropane on the alkylation reaction of toluene with chloro-2-methyl-propane was investigated. The test results showed that the acidic ionic liquids prepared with Et3NHCl and AlCl3 had good activity and selectivity for the alkylation reaction of toluene with alkyl chloride to produce PTBT. The optimal reaction conditions were specified at anAlCl3 to Et3NHCl ratio of 1.6, a reaction temperature of 20℃, a mass fraction of toluene to ionic liquid of 10%, and a chloro-2-methylpropane to toluene molar ratio of 0.5. Under the suitable reaction conditions, a 98% conversion of chloro-2-methylpropane and an 82.5% selectivity of PTBT were obtained. Ionic liquids could be reused 5 times with its catalytic activity unchanged, and the regenerated ionic liquids can be recycled.     

低分子量C9—MA共聚物的合成

用溶液共聚方法合成了低分子量Ｃ９－ＭＡ石油树脂。在特定溶剂Ｓ中,讨论了活性Ｃ９馏分与顺丁烯二酸酐摩尔比、共聚合温度和引发剂用量对共聚物分子量的影响,确定了反应体系的最佳聚合条件。     

马来酸酐接枝C_5石油树脂研究

介绍了 C5 石油树脂与马来酸酐接枝共聚物制备方法 ,并讨论了影响接枝物软化点、粘接强度的一些因素 ,接枝改性是提高 C5 石油树脂粘接性能的有效方法 ,接枝后 C5 石油树脂可在胶粘剂 ,涂料 ,增粘剂等方面获得广泛应用。     

Determination of Fatty Acid Components in the Oak Fruits （Quercus spp.） of Khamza Mountain Oak Forest of Sulaimani/Kurdistan Region

In this investigation work, FA （fatty acids） components produced by Oak tree fruits were determined as a fat content in acorn, pericarp and cupules in the three Oak species （Q. aegilops subsp brantii, Q. libani and Q. infectoria）. The plant samples were collected in Khamza Mountain Oak forest of Sulaimani/Kurdistan Region during October 2008. Exposed to air room temperature for drying and ground to fine powder by electric blender then stored in a plastic containers at 4 ℃. In the preliminary step, fat detected from acorn, pericarp and cuplules by ＂Soxhlet＂ method and the various FA （saturated＆unsaturated） were separated and determined by GLC （gas liquid chromatography）. The amount of saturated FA in the acorn of the Q. aegilops subsp brantii, Q. libani and Q. infectoria were more than 25%, 7% and 18% while in the pericarp were more than 9%, 12% and 11%, but in the cuplules were more than 9%, 10% and 10%, respectively. The amount of unsaturated FA in the acorn of the Q. aegilops subsp brantii, Q. libani and Q. infectoria were more than 70%, 91% and 79% while in the pericarp were more than 87%, 84% and 81%, but in the cuplules were more than 87%, 88% and 84%, respectively. The most abundant FA found in the acorn, pericarp and cuplules were Oleic followed by Lenoleic, except the cuplules of Q. infectoria, the most abundant FA was Lenoleic followed by Oleic.     

月桂醇聚环氧乙烷(9)醚琥珀酸单酯磺酸钠的合成与性能研究

用正交实验法系统考查了新型表面活性剂月桂醇聚环氧乙烷 ( 9)醚琥珀酸单酯磺酸钠 ( AESM 9)的合成工艺条件 ,反应最佳条件为 :酐醚投料 mol比为 1 .0 6,反应温度 85℃ ,酯化时间≥ 5h,催化剂用量 1 .2 g/mol,产品收率≥ 95%。对 AESM 9各项应用性能进行了测定和探讨     

新型醇醚羧酸盐表面活性剂的制备及性能研究

以马来酸酐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO_9)和氢氧化钠为原料,通过酯化、中和反应制得一种新型醇醚羧酸盐表面活性剂——马来酸酐改性脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚类表面活性剂(MAE_9C-Na)。用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征。采用正交试验法对其合成条件进行了探索。最佳合成条件为:n(脂肪醇醚):n(马来酸酐):n(NaOH)=1:1.2:2.4,反应温度65℃,反应时间3 h。在此条件下,产物的收率达81.6%。性能研究表明,MAE_9C-Na 具有良好的表面活性,其 cmc 为0.08 g/L,γ_(cmc)为34.0 mN/m,润湿性26″14,乳化力2.36min,增溶力1.2 mL,并具有优良的泡沫稳定性。     

固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2催化合成马来酸单糠醇酯的研究

合成了SO42-／TiO2、SO42-／Fe2O3、SO42-／SnO2、SO42-／ZrO2等4种固体超强酸,用作由糠醇和马来酐合成马来酸单糠醇酯的催化剂。结果表明,SO42-／ZrO2的催化活性最好,其较佳活化温度为590℃。用正交实验L9(33)筛选的较佳酯化条件为:马来酐／糠醇(摩尔比)=1:1.1,反应温度45℃,反应时间2.5 h,催化剂用量为总反应物质量的10％,平均收率92.6％。     

C_9-MA水溶性石油树脂阻垢性能评价

评价了不同SO3Na含量、不同分子量的C9-MA水溶性石油树脂（WPR）的阻垢性能，以及Ca2+浓度、加药量、pH值和矿化度对WPR阻垢率的影响。对大庆油田水样进行了阻垢实验。实验表明，随着WPR分子中SO3Na含量上升，WPR的表面活性增加，阻振率增大。实验范围内，分子量较小的WPR具有良好的阻垢能力。在500mg／LCa2+浓度（以CaCO3计）、pH≤9．5、SO3Na含量≥28％的条件下，特性粘度[η]=0．054的WPR的阻垢率约为98％。     

镍负载型活性白土催化剂用于顺酐加氢制丁二酸酐

用5wt%镍/白土催化剂进行顺酐加氢制丁二酸酐的活性测试。并用X射线衍射（XRD）,氢气程序升温还原（TPR）和热重分析（TGA）光谱对这些催化剂进行表征。 XRD和TPR研究表明,镍是以Ni2+的形式存在于载体上,在未还原的催化剂样品上不存在单质镍和三氧化二镍。TGA研究表明,当焙烧温度达到650℃,载体的结构会被破坏。顺酐的加氢活性测试表明,550℃焙烧的催化剂加氢效果最好。在反应温度为180℃,压力为1MPa,质量空速为4h-1的条件下,顺酐的转化率达到97.14%,丁二酸酐的选择性达到99.55%。     

丙烯酸酯共聚物的合成及对大港原油的降凝作用

研究了十八烷基丙烯酸酯的合成方法 ,并用其与顺丁烯二酸酐、苯乙烯进行了三组分共聚。在大港油田的原油中加入此共聚物 0 .1 5 %使原油的倾点下降了 9℃。并进行了聚合条件的研究 ,当单体摩尔比为 8.5∶1∶ 1 ,在 80℃反应 6h时 ,降凝效果较好     

顺酐加氢催化剂XYF-5的TPD、TPR研究

采用程序升温脱附法(TPD)和程序升温还原法(TPR)研究了顺酐加氢催化剂XYF-5上的H_2脱附和还原反应动力学。结果表明,XYF-5对H_2显示有不同能量特征的两个活泼部位(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ),对H_2的吸附为分解二位吸附,催化剂XYF-5的还原遵从速率方程式(6)。