嵌入式智能机器人平台研究

针对传统工业机器人采用的封闭式结构的局限性,在Windows CE.NET系统基础上,通过剪裁定制,去除冗余的功能,搭建嵌入式智能机器人平台．该智能机器人系统具有移动机器人需要的主要感知模块,并有丰富的运动控制接口及驱动模块．同时,设计了多传感器数据融合、轨迹规划、运动控制、无线网络通信、图形人机界面等智能机器人的测试软件和应用模块．该智能机器人平台具有模块化、易扩展、可移植、可定制、硬件体积小、功耗低、实时性强、可靠性高等优点．     

基于EPOS的激光导航移动机器人运动控制研究

为了提高移动机器人运动控制精度,满足移动机器人精确运动的需要,研制了一种以EPOS运动控制器为核心、采用激光导航的移动机器人运动控制系统。为验证运动控制系统的正确性和有效性,采用Lyapunov函数设计出一种速度跟踪控制算法。移动机器人轨迹跟踪实验结果表明,该控制系统精度高、实时性好、可以满足移动机器人在各种环境中的行走需要。     

移动机器人Java Agent控制系统设计

针对移动机器人的任务和硬件组成,提出了基于Java 开发平台的Agent控制系统设计方法。以目前应用较广泛的JADE作为Agent开发平台,采用JNI方法实现了Agent与硬件系统的交互。在运动控制卡上设计了有实时性要求的轨迹生成、运动控制、位姿估计和安全控制等4个行为任务,将数据库和路径规划等管理性行为设计在车载PC104工业控制计算机上。人机交互界面可作为独立的Agent驻留在上位监控计算机上。这种方法结合了Java Agent开发平台的普遍性和工业控制的实时性,实验证明了该方法的可行性。     

基于嵌入式Linux的移动机器人控制系统设计

介绍了一个以嵌入式Linux系统为核心的移动机器人控制系统的设计与实现，阐述了运动控制与传感模块、主控制模块、人机交互界面和无线通信模块。该系统具有良好的可扩展性和可移植性。在无线通信模块中，集成了Zigbee协议，从而为无线传感器网络与移动机器人的协作性研究提供了可能。实验表明，该系统可以实现机器人的复杂控制。     

一种基于动力学模型的高速轮式移动机器人漂移运动控制方法

针对高速轮式移动机器人,提出了一种漂移运动控制方法.首先以统一轮胎模型为基础建立了移动机器人在复杂工况下的动力学模型;针对系统模型非线性、强耦合等特点,利用反馈线性化的方法设计了一种基于动力学模型的漂移运动控制器,该控制器实现了对目标姿态角及角速度的跟踪控制;针对现有视觉、GPS等测量手段实时性差、不能满足漂移运动任务的缺点,设计实现了位置速度测量单元.仿真及实验验证了该控制器的有效性.     

轮式移动机器人曲线行走控制的实现

从实用的角度出发,对轮式移动机器人沿曲线轨迹行走的控制进行了研究。设计了电机伺服控制系统和定位模块来实现机器人的运动控制系统功能,并基于移动机器人动力学模型设计了稳定有效的曲线行走控制算法。机器人沿抛物线和椭圆轨迹行走的实验结果表明,移动机器人曲线行走控制的硬件结构和软件功能是可行实用的,该户外轮式移动机器人运动控制系统的结构设计和功能设计符合实用要求,具有一定的应用价值。     

基于Fuzzy-PID的移动机器人运动控制

移动机器人涉及到许多研究方向,运动控制是其中的基础。通过对移动机器人运动学模型进行分析,以足球机器人系统为实验平台,论证了Fuzzy-PID技术应用于移动机器人运动控制的可行性。将传统的PID控制与模糊控制相结合,通过PID控制实现控制的准确性,利用模糊控制提高控制的快速性。针对移动机器人运动控制中的实际问题,着重提出了基于误差分区的PID控制器和模糊控制器的设计方法。实验证明该方法不仅增强了控制器的调节能力,还在一定程度上简化了控制器的设计。     

全方位移动平台运动控制系统的实现

全方位移动平台是服务机器人底盘的基础。针对服务机器人的底层,提出了一种基于FPGA的全方位移动平台控制系统。首先,对整个系统进行总体设计,介绍主要设计的模块;然后分析其运动特性,建立数学模型,并以FPGA作为核心控制模块实现运动控制;最后对各个主要模块进行详细设计。实现对全方位移动平台的运动控制。通过实验发现,该系统具有很好的实时性,能比较精确地进行速度控制。     

基于ARM的嵌入式移动机器人控制系统的设计

讨论了基于S3C2410微处理器的移动机器人小车控制系统的硬件设计,以及在嵌入式操作系统Windows CE下的软件设计.具体分析了各个模块的设计原理、驱动和应用软件的设计.该移动机器人系统具有模块化、易扩展、可移植、硬件体积小、功耗低、实时性强、可靠性高等优点.     

智能移动机器人运动控制系统及算法的设计

本文应用系统工程的方法对户外智能移动机器人的运动控制系统进行了研究，从实用的角度提出了运动控制系统的实现方法。根据移动机器人户外工作的特点和要求，设计了简单实用的伺服运动控制器，并基于其动力学模型设计了稳定的控制算法。实验结果表明该户外移动机器人运动控制系统的结构设计和功能设计符合实用要求，具有一定的应用价值。     

Multi-robot-based intelligent security system

This article describes a multiple security module-based intelligent security system that has multiple communication interfaces which can be applied in home automation. The interfaces of the intelligent security system contain wired RS485, wireless RF, and Internet. The detection modules of the system have both active and passive security modules. The passive security modules contain wired security modules and wireless security modules. The control unit of all security modules is a HOLTEK microchip. Each security module has two different interfaces. They use voice modules to alarm users of an event, and to transmit real-time event signals to the supervising computer via the wired RS485 or wireless RF interface. If an event occurs, the supervising computer calculates its belief values using Dempster-Shafter evidence theory according to the passive wired and wireless security modules. If the belief value is over a set threshold, the supervising computer commands the mobile robot to move to the event location, and receives a signal from the mobile robot via the wireless RF interface. The supervising computer recognizes the final decision output using Dempster-Shafter evidence theory, and displays the detection and decision output values on the monitor of the user interface. Finally, we present some experimental results using wired passive security modules, wireless passive security modules, and active security modules for fire detection and gas leakage detection using the experimental platform of the intelligent security system.     

基于ROS的智能工业机器人系统开发平台

目前,工业机器人对于机器视觉、自主路径规划等智能化功能需求日益增长.然而在传统工业机器人系统中添加智能化功能模块时需要修改大量的源码,浪费了人力和成本.本文提出的基于ROS的易扩展机器人系统开发平台,能为开发者开发智能工业机器人系统提供了方便.本平台分为服务器端和机器人端.将机器人端作为一级节点,与安装ROS的PC服务器端进行通信.机器人一级节点由二级功能节点与功能模块组成.根据此平台开发实现的JPB06六自由度工业机器人系统具有机器视觉、自主定位、语音控制等智能化功能,可以满足工业机器人对于智能化和实时控制的需求.     

Speech-based formation control of the multi-robot system

The article presents multiple pattern formation control of the multi-robot system using A* searching algorithm, and avoids the collision points moving on the motion platform. We use speech recognition algorithm to decide the various pattern formations, and program mobile robots to present the movement scenario on the grid-based motion platform. We have been developed some pattern formations to be applied in game applications, such as long snake pattern formation, phalanx pattern formation, crane wing pattern formation, sword pattern formation, cone pattern formation and so on. The mobile robot contains a controller module, three IR sensor modules, a voice module, a wireless RF module, a compass module, and two DC servomotors. The controller of the mobile robot can acquire the detection signals from reflect IR sensor modules and the compass module, and decide the cross points of the aisle. The mobile robot receives the command from the supervised computer, and transmits the status of environment to the supervised computer via wireless RF interface. We develop the user interface of the multi-robot system to program motion paths for various pattern formation exchanges using the minimum displacement. Users can use speech to control the multiple mobile robots to execut pattern formation exchange. In the experimental results, users can speak the pattern formation. The speech recognition system receives the signal to decide the pattern formation. The multiple mobile robots can receive the pattern formation command from the supervised computer, and arrange the assigned pattern formation on the motion platform, and avoid other mobile robots.     

Developing a module-based security system for an intelligent home

The security system in a workplace or home is important to human life. Unlucky events are often caused by the negligence of humans. We have developed a modulebased security system for home automation. The structure of the security system contains many modules. Each module has two types of interface (wireless RF and speech). There are active and passive modules in the security system. The active security module is a smart robot. We have designed many types of smart robot for the security system. The passive security modules include a fire security module, an intruder security module, an environment security module, a gas security module, an AC power security module, and an appliance control module. In the security module, we use multisensor fusion algorithms to decide the exact output. In these modules, we use a two-wire communication method through the wireless RF interface, and a voice alarm for serious events, and transmit the real-time status to the supervised computer. In the smart robot system, we have designed many types of smart robot for the security system. We have designed a general user interface (GUI) for the intelligent security system. The user interface can supervise these modules and the smart robots via the wireless RF device, and supervise the security system via wireless, Internet, and cell phone.     

基于嵌入式移动机器人的模糊控制算法设计

以LPC2131的教育机器人为硬件基础,介绍了实时操作系统μCOS—Ⅱ的移植方法,并实现了模糊控制算法应用于机器人的速度控制。采用结构化的软件设计方法,此方法易于将其他复杂控制算法应用于机器人;同时,可使之成为一个运动控制软件设计的学习平台,如电机控制、系统中断、基于实时操作系统的运动控制等。     

A Flexible Control Architecture for Mobile Robots: An Application for a Walking Robot

To get the best features of both deliberative and reactive controllers, present mobile robot control architectures are designed to accommodate both types of controller. However, these architectures are still very rigidly structured thus deliberative modules are always assigned to the same role as a high-level planner or sequencer while low-level reactive modules are still the ones directly interacting with the robot environment. Furthermore, within these architectures communication and interface between modules are if not strongly established, they are very complex thus making them unsuitable for simple robotic systems. Our idea in this paper is to present a control architecture that is flexible in the sense that it can easily integrate both reactive and deliberative modules but not necessarily restricting the role of each type of controller. Communication between modules is through simple arbitration schemes while interface is by connecting a common communication line between modules and simple read and/or write access of data objects. On top of these features, the proposed control architecture is scalable and exhibits graceful degradation when some of the modules fail, similar to the present mobile robot architectures. Our idea has enabled our four-legged robot to walk autonomously in a structured uneven terrain.     

嵌入式移动机器人目标搜集运动控制研究

本文基于移动机器人平台设计实现了核心嵌入式控制系统,采用上位机-下位机两级体系结构,开发了环境信息采集上位机软件及机器人运动控制下位机软件;通过激光测距仪实时测量与数据处理,实现机器人对环境目标的探测与感知,设计了电机控制器用于实现机器人运动控制;最后,针对目标搜集使命案例,验证了移动机器人对环境目标的自主探测与搜集的作业能力,实验结果表明：所设计的嵌入式控制系统及其运动控制器满足使命任务要求。     

Developing a vision-based auto-recharging system for mobile robots

This article describes a vision-based auto-recharging system that guides a mobile robot moving toward a docking station. The system contains a docking station and a mobile robot. The docking station contains a docking structure, a control device, a charger, a safety detection device, and a wireless RF interface. The mobile robot contains a power detection module (voltage and current), an auto-switch, a wireless RF interface, a controller, and a camera. The controller of the power detection module is a Holtek chip. The docking structure is designed with one active degree of freedom and two passive degrees of freedom. For image processing, the mobile robot uses a webcam to capture a real-time image. The image signal is transmitted to the controller of the mobile robot via a USB interface. We use an Otsu algorithm to calculate the distance and orientation of the docking station from the mobile robot. In the experiment, the proposed algorithm guided the mobile robot to the docking station.     

Web-based mobile robot platform for real-time exercises

This paper introduces a new vision-based and web-based mobile robot platform. The platform consists of control and communication centers, a mobile robot and real-time support libraries. All activities in the platform are achieved by only computer vision techniques. The platform provides monitoring, tele-controlling and programming for real-time educational exercises and helps to the users to achieve these exercises through a standard web browser without any need for additional support software. The results have shown that the proposed, designed and implemented platform provide amazing new facilities and features to the users (students and researchers) in applying their real-time exercises on web.