转基因食品安全管理技术研究和发展

转基因食品的营养性和多样性使其得到了快速的发展,其安全性也得到了人们的广泛关注.文章概述世界转基因食品安全管理的现状,分析转基因食品安全管理的重要性,并对进一步完善中国转基因食品安全管理提出一些可行性建议.希望中国能制定相关的政策,为转基因食品的健康发展、人类的健康和环境安全提供可靠的保障.     

国内外转基因食品安全管理现状与中国的发展对策

转基因食品极大地丰富了食品的数量和种类,经济效益显著,但是很多转基因食品仍具有一定的潜在风险,因此需要采取有效的措施对其进行安全评价和监控管理,以确保人类健康和生态安全。文章就当前国内外对转基因食品的安全管理情况进行总结和综合分析,并对中国今后转基因食品安全管理的发展对策进行探讨,旨在为中国的转基因食品安全管理的发展提供借鉴。     

转基因食品的安全综合评价与监管优化路径

转基因食品作为备受争议的新型食品需要可靠的安全综合评价系统进行安全性检测,传统食品安全监管模式已经不适用于转基因食品的神经危害、实然性危害、可能性危害等多重危害监管中。针对中国面临的转基因食品上市问题,分析当下中国转基因食品安全综合评价现状及监管问题,并提出优化监管措施,为更合理、更有效解决转基因食品监管问题提供参考。     

转基因食品安全的伦理探究

随着转基因食品的研发与应用越来越广泛,其安全伦理问题逐渐暴露,本文通过对转基因食品安全背后的伦理困境及原因进行思考,探索转基因食品安全的伦理对策. 转基因食品在保障世界粮食安全、克服饥饿和营养不良等方面发挥了重要作用,但也有潜在的安全性问题.食品安全关系到人民的生命安全和身体健康,是最大的民生问题.如果希望人类能够获得...     

我国5类17种转基因产品须强制标识

<正>近日,中国科协科普部、农业转基因生物安全管理部际联席会议办公室联合组织专家编写了一册《科学解读公众关注热点》,详细解答了公众关注的转基因、食品安全、核科学与技术、垃圾焚烧发电等热点话题。凡是原料采用进口的或者我国批准种植的转基因农产品及其直接加工品的食品就是转基因食品。对转基因产品进行标识,是为了满足消费者的知情权和选择权。转基因食品是否安全是通过安全评价得出的,即通过安全评价获得安全证书的转基因产品     

提高食品检测技术 保证饮食安全

<正>随着"红心鸭蛋"、"三鹿奶粉"等食品安全事件的发生,消费者对食品安全问题非常关注。食品检测技术可以有效检测食品的安全性,防止不安全食品流入市场,从而保证人们的食品安全。一、几种食品检测技术介绍转基因检测技术。转基因问题是目前的一个热门话题,2002年时,全世界转基因作物种植总面积为5870hm2,主要生产国为美国、阿根廷、加拿大、中国。在基因重组食品的检测中,     

HACCP原理在转基因食品安全管理上的应用研究

介绍了转基因食品加工过程以及HACCP管理体系,运用HACCP原理对转基因食品进行了安全风险分析,并在此基础上提出了转基因食品安全管理的关键控制点及其控制方法,为有关部门进一步分析和制定转基因食品安全管理方面的有效措施提供了一定的科学理论基础和思路。     

花生油虚标“非转基因”企业居心何在？

如今,社会各界对于转基因食品是否安全争论不休,很多消费者甚至谈“转”色变,为了食品安全纷纷将“转基因”食品拒之门外,而对标有“非转基因”的食品青睐有加。     

关于转基因食品安全性的思考

正目前,食品安全是全球关注和研究的重要议题,转基因食品安全问题又是食品安全的焦点问题。因此,本文将从转基因食品的概念、安全性的思考及应采取的对策等方面入手,进行深入的分析和探讨,以期公众科学、客观地对待转基因食品。转基因食品概念界定参照我国《转基因食品卫生管理办法》对转基因食品的定义,以及张启发、贾士荣等人的观点,笔者认为转基因食品是指利用基因工程技术改造生物的遗传物质,使其在形状、营养品质、消费品质等方面向人们所需     

中国转基因食品安全风险规制阐述——以大豆为例

本文主要以大豆为例,结合中国转基因食品存在的安全风险,从完善转基因食品的标识制度、建立转基因食品召回制度和可追溯制度、创建完善的政府规制体系这几方面进行深入探索与研究,对中国转基因食品安全风险规制进行阐述,其目的在于提升中国转基因食品安全性,促进中国转基因食品产业长期稳定发展。     

Consumers' beliefs, attitudes and intentions towards genetically modified foods, based on the 'perceived safety vs. benefits' perspective

It has been repeatedly claimed that the application of genetic engineering in the field of agricultural and food production is both beneficial and advantageous. However, biotechnology is developing in an environment where public concerns about food safety and environmental protection are steadily increasing. The present study aims at gaining an insight into Greek consumers’ beliefs, attitudes and intentions towards genetically modified (GM) food products. The objectives of this study are summarized as follows (i) to provide evidence that consumer beliefs are built around the ‘safety‐benefits’ axis, and (ii) to segment the Greek market in terms of consumer beliefs about GM food products and identify a number of clusters with clear‐cut behavioural profiles. Although the overall attitude of Greek consumers towards GM food is negative, the research very interestingly concludes that there exists a market segment of substantial size, whose beliefs about GM food appears to be positive. This finding suggests that there is not a ‘consensus’ regarding the rejection of GM foods in the Greek market as one might have expected thus ‘encouraging’ the implementation of adequate marketing strategies to target this segment of ‘early adopters’ in the first place.     

Health risks of genetically modified foods

As genetically modified (GM) foods are starting to intrude in our diet concerns have been expressed regarding GM food safety. These concerns as well as the limitations of the procedures followed in the evaluation of their safety are presented. Animal toxicity studies with certain GM foods have shown that they may toxically affect several organs and systems. The review of these studies should not be conducted separately for each GM food, but according to the effects exerted on certain organs it may help us create a better picture of the possible health effects on human beings. The results of most studies with GM foods indicate that they may cause some common toxic effects such as hepatic, pancreatic, renal, or reproductive effects and may alter the hematological, biochemical, and immunologic parameters. However, many years of research with animals and clinical trials are required for this assessment. The use of recombinant GH or its expression in animals should be re-examined since it has been shown that it increases IGF-1 which may promote cancer.     

转基因食品安全性评价研究进展

自1996年以来,转基因作物的大规模商业化生产为人们带来了巨大的社会经济效益,但是转基因技术存在一定的风险性,因此加强转基因食品的安全性评价和标准化管理显得尤为迫切和重要。本文从营养学、毒理学、过敏性等方面综述了转基因食品的食用安全性评价,并多角度探讨了转基因食品安全性评价的关键问题,包括用不同动物实验评价转基因食品的食用安全性,新型转基因植物的安全性评价,以及转基因食品的食用安全标准化等,以期使读者对转基因食品的食用安全性有更加系统、全面的了解。     

转基因食品安全监管的演化博弈分析

近年来,食品安全问题不断出现,公众对其的关注日趋广泛。食品安全问题,尤其是关于转基因食品安全性的议题在各国范围内争议日益剧烈。本文运用经济学演化博弈的方法,分析了转基因食品安全监管中食品生产商与政府监管部门行为的动态演化过程,并且用数值仿真展示了演化结果。研究结果表明,政府监管部门的监管力度、处罚力度以及对监管部门成功监管的奖励力度的大小等对于转基因食品市场的健康发展有着至关重要的影响。     

转基因水稻食用安全性评价国内外概况

转基因水稻的研制与开发已经达到了可商业化阶段,但是出于对其食用与环境安全性的忧虑,目前还没有国家批准转基因水稻商品化。我国已经发现有疑似转基因稻种出现在市场上,这就迫切要求我们加快对转基因水稻的安全性评价尤其是食用安全性评价的研究,建立相应的评价标准,以规范转基因水稻的商业化及生产。本文主要从转基因水稻的营养成分实质等同性分析,动物营养学评价,体内及体外毒理学评价,致敏性评价及外源基因的水平转移五个角度对转基因水稻的国内外食用安全性评价工作进行了综述,以期为以后的食用安全性评价及标准体系的建立提供参考。     

Taiwan's GM foods labelling legislation — a review

Genetically engineered food products have several advantages over their conventional counterparts; i.e. improvement of production traits is rapid, and genetic information can be transferred across species. However, introduction of a new gene into food crops may lead to emergence of altered composition and nutritional value, allergenicity and toxicity. To meet the requirements to environmental and food safety, sale of GM foods in Taiwan must comply with regulations, guidelines and labelling of various governmental agencies. Among these agencies, the Department of Health is responsible for the safety and labelling of GM foods, and has promulgated regulations stipulating the labelling of food products containing GM ingredients. Our initial step on the mandatory labelling of GM foods would let consumers to decide to purchase GM products.     

Four questions on European consumers’ attitudes toward the use of genetic modification in food production

Four questions on European consumers’ attitudes to the use of genetic modification (GM) in food production are posed and answered: (1) how negative are consumer attitudes to GM applications in food production? (2) How do these attitudes affect perception of and preference for products involving GM applications? (3) How deeply rooted are these attitudes? (4) Will the attitudes change due to more information and/or product experience? Drawing on two major studies researching these questions, it is concluded that consumer attitudes towards GM in food production are negative, that these negative attitudes guide the perception of food products involving the use of GM and lead to a range of sweeping negative associations which overshadow potential benefits perceived, that these negative attitudes are embedded in a system of more general attitudes, especially attitude to nature, to technology, and alienation from the marketplace, implying that they are deeply rooted, and that they will not easily be changed by information. They may change, however, due to own experience with products produced using GM and involving clear consumer benefits.     

GM食品内外源基因在加工过程中的降解变化

转基因(genetically modified,GM)食品安全问题受到广泛关注,其内外源基因及其表达产物在深加工过程中变化规律的研究是其热点之一。文中阐述了转基因食品的安全性问题,评述了转基因食品DNA在加工过程中变化规律的研究进展,并提出了转基因食品内外源基因在加工过程中降解变化研究思路。     

世界各国对转基因食品的态度和管理

本文简述了转基因食品的概念、种类、安全性和目前的生产现状,重点介绍了世界各国对转基因食品的态度和管理情况。     

欧美转基因食品安全监管制度及启示

转基因技术自面世以来,转基因食品的安全性始终未有定论。考察和借鉴欧美转基因食品监管制度的监管原则、监管主体、标识管理、立法规制及市场准入等层面上的可行经验,以期完善中国的转基因食品监管制度。为此,应健全转基因食品监管的法律法规体系、深化转基因食品监管制度改革、优化转基因食品监管机构设置及构建国际化的转基因食品监管协调机制。