影响高抗冲聚苯乙烯力学性能的因素

综述了影响高抗冲聚苯乙烯（HIPS）力学性能的各种因素，如苯乙烯均聚物的相对分子质量及其分布、橡胶接枝、橡胶粒子及其分布和橡胶相体积分数等。强调HIPS结构是影响其力学性能的直接因素，其他因素都是通过影响高分子结构来影响其力学性能的。     

互穿聚合物网络技术在橡胶改性中的应用研究进展

列举各种橡胶(天然橡胶、通用合成橡胶和特种合成橡胶)与其他组分形成的互穿聚合物网络(IPN),介绍其制备方法、结构形态和性能特征,并提出关于橡胶IPN材料的其他合成方法。简述橡胶IPN材料的应用,包括橡胶结构材料、橡胶阻尼材料和橡胶功能材料(分离膜和导电高分子材料等)。     

沈阳化工大学开发成功杜仲橡胶自修复弹性体材料

<正>杜仲橡胶是特殊功能型生物高分子材料,不仅具有优异的耐疲劳性能、耐磨性能、耐酸碱性能,而且具有形状记忆特性,对其接枝改性后可获得自修复能力。沈阳化工大学开发出杜仲橡胶自修复功能弹性体材料:通过向杜仲橡胶中引入大量的动态可逆离子或化学键,赋予其犹如生命组织体的固有自修复功能,其修复效率可达90%以上(如图1所示)。     

氯化聚乙烯橡胶的生产应用及发展前景

氯化聚乙烯是通过聚乙烯的氯取代反应制得的一种重要的高分子材料,也可视为乙烯、氯乙烯和1,2-二氯乙烯的三元共聚物。根据其性质和用途,可分为树脂型产品(CPE)和橡胶型产品(CM橡胶)两大类。前者具有较高的相对分子质量、机械强度、熔融温度和塑化温度,主要用于通     

“有机包覆三元共混体系”新型材料的研究

以超细无机填料如碳酸钙为核，表面包覆上一层有机高分子材料如某种橡胶形成一种刚性粒子－硬核／橡胶－软壳特定结构的粒子来增强增韧高分子材料既是塑料改性的最新进展又可使复合材料性能大大提高，本文阐述有关技术进展和有关模型有建立以及填料和母料的研制。     

丙烯酸酯橡胶的应用与开发

<正> 1前言丙烯酸酯橡胶是指以丙烯酸烷基酯(如丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯)为主要成分的一类弹性共聚物,是一种新型功能高分子材料,具有较高的热稳定性,较小的透气性,较好的耐油、耐臭氧、耐老化、耐应力疲劳等性能。2生产方法丙烯酸酯橡胶以丙烯酸烷基酯为主,与少量功能单体共聚,以提供交联点。早期的交联单体为含卤素的不饱和化合物如氯乙基乙烯醚、氯乙酸乙烯等。目前世界各国生产的丙烯酸酯橡胶产品,基本上不用含氯单体而采用环氧基的单体,如     

提高丁腈与聚氯乙烯共混胶耐热和耐压缩永久变形性能的途径

前言众所周知,凡是同橡胶结构相似、极性、溶解度参数相近的高分子材料,均可与橡胶共混。这种共混改性产物,其物理机械性能和使用价值都可以得到提高。橡胶与塑料共混时,共混条件不同,分散状态也不尽相同,导致性能有较大差异。丁腈橡胶(NBR)与聚氯乙烯(PVC)在一定高温下,按不同比例在炼胶机上共混,其硫化胶的物性如耐油、耐磨、耐天候老化和耐臭氧     

发挥产学研优势 加强PET工程塑料化研究

<正>高分子材料是最重要的材料之一,主要包括塑料、橡胶和纤维3大材料,其中,塑料是消费量最大的高分子材料。我国高分子材料将得到进一步快速发展,发展的热点至少包括聚烯烃、工程塑料和生物基(可降解)高分子材料。     

橡胶的分子量和分子量分布

<正>橡胶(包括天然橡胶和合成橡胶)是典型的高分子材料。每个分子由许多结构相同的重复单元(链节)连接而成。例如,天然橡胶就是     

橡胶相对分子质量及其分布的测试与分析

利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法测试几种常用橡胶的相对分子质量及其分布,分析其与胶料门尼粘度和物理性能的相关性。结果表明,天然橡胶(NR)的重均相对分子质量较大,相对分子质量分布较宽,不同产地、厂家生产的NR相对分子质量及其分布、生胶门尼粘度差异较大。GPC法测得的NR相对分子质量及其分布与生胶门尼粘度之间的变化规律具有局限性。橡胶相对分子质量分布指数的差异影响胶料加工性能。橡胶微观结构是影响硫化胶物理性能的主要因素。     

橡胶疲劳性能研究进展

综述了动态载荷下疲劳对橡胶物理机械性能的影响、影响橡胶疲劳的因素、橡胶疲劳性能的研究方法及橡胶疲劳的机理。指出橡胶制品的疲劳寿命取决于橡胶的抗疲劳断裂性能 ,研究橡胶的疲劳特性对于结构抗疲劳设计和疲劳寿命预报模型的建立是极其重要的。     

橡胶的疲劳失效行为研究进展

现代工业日益向高速、高温与高载荷的方向发展,橡胶材料的疲劳失效问题变得很突出并且急需解决。结合橡胶材料的疲劳失效行为的研究及耐疲劳橡胶的应用,本论文讨论了橡胶疲劳失效行为的研究方法、影响因素及国内外研究进展,并展望了耐疲劳橡胶材料的研究进展。     

纳米SiO2在高分子领域中的应用

介绍了纳米二氧化硅对高分子材料的改性机理及其在塑料，橡胶，纤维，涂料，粘合剂和密封胶等高分子领域中最新研究应用情况。     

Impact toughening mechanisms in rubber-dispersed polymer alloy

The toughening mechanisms of rubber-dispersed polymer alloys were investigated with respect to two factors: (i) characteristic ratio, C_∞, as a measure of chain flexibility of the polymer matrix and (ii) the rubber particle size in high impact polystyrene/poly(2,6-dimethyl- 1,4-phenylene ether) blend systems. Measurements of the specific gravity, synchrotron radiation small angle X-ray scattering (SR-SAXS) tests, and finite element analysis were carried out to gain understanding of plastic deformation (crazing and shear yielding) of these materials. Shear yielding was found to be enhanced when the C_∞ value of the matrix polymer was relatively low and the rubber particles were small (submicron). From these results, we presumed the impact energy absorption mechanisms to be governed by these two factors.     

橡胶增韧苯乙烯与马来酸酐共聚物的方法

对增韧无规苯乙烯/马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)的方法作了分类,并对国内外SMA研究方面的进展作了分析。可以认为,橡胶增韧无规SMA,无论从耐热、冲击性能,还是从价格/性能比而言,是一类值得开发的高分子材料。以不同品种橡胶(如乙丙橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和丁基橡胶等)作增韧剂,通过不同的增韧方法,可以达到不同的增韧效果,满足不同的需求。     

Effect of epoxidized natural rubber on thermal properties,fatigue life,and natural weathering test of styrene butadiene rubber/recycled acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (SBR/NBRr) blends

The utilization of waste rubber powder in polymer matrices provides an attractive strategy for polymer waste disposal. Addition of recycled acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBRr) in rubber compounds gives economic (lowering the cost of rubber compounds) as well as processing advantages. In this study, the properties of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/NBRr blends with and without epoxidized natural rubber (ENR‐50) as a compatibilizer were determined. The results such as thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), fatigue life, and natural weathering test of SBR/NBRr blends with and without ENR‐50 were carried out. Results showed that TG thermograms of SBR/NBRr blends with ENR‐50 show lower thermal stability compared blends without ENR‐50. The incorporation of ENR‐50 into SBR/NBRr blends has reduced char residue compared SBR/NBRr blends without ENR‐50. The incorporation of ENR‐50 in SBR/NBRr blends has increased the rigidity of the blends thus lowering the fatigue life. The increment in tensile properties retention of SBR/NBRr blends with ENR‐50 indicated the enhancement on weathering resistant. The surfaces of SBR/NBRr blends with ENR‐50 after 6 months exposure showed a minimal severity of crack compared with SBR/NBRr blends without ENR‐50. It revealed that the scale of cracks has reduced indicating well‐retaining interfacial adhesion between SBR and NBRr with the presence of ENR‐50 as a compatibilizer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

橡胶复合材料在循环载荷下的疲劳损伤特性

利用自行建立的疲劳试验系统，以单向聚酯帘线增强橡胶复合材料为对象，研究了循环载荷作用下影响橡胶复合材料疲劳性能的因素。结果表明，应力幅值和加载频率对橡胶复合材料疲劳性能影响较大，而平均应力影响较小。聚酯／橡胶复合材料的疲劳强化现象主要与组分材料本身的特性有关。     

橡胶彩色电视显微镜（RCTVLM）新技术的开发及其应用

橡胶彩色电视显微镜(RCTVLM)新技术由橡胶、高聚物及共混材料形态快速检测技术和新型彩色电视显微镜(CTVLM)组成。快速检测技术包括:与橡胶(橡塑)制品性能、工艺密切相关的胶料炭黑分散度;高聚物共混物(橡/橡、橡/塑、塑/橡)形态;浅色胶料填料分散度的快速检测以及硫化胶磨耗指纹(磨纹图)的快速分析。新近开发的带有摄象机、闭路电视系统的彩色电视显微镜(CTVLM)是研究高聚物共混的理想仪器。新方法和新仪器已在实际科研生产中获得广泛应用。     

Modification of Polychloroprene Rubber Latex by Grafting Polymerization and Its Application as a Waterborne Contact Adhesive

Grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto polychloroprene rubber latex (CRL) was carried out by emulsion polymerization using a redox initiator. The effects of the principal factors such as emulsifier, initiator and their concentrations and monomer/polymer ratio on monomer conversion, and grafting efficiency were studied. Infrared (FTIR) spectra, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the graft copolymer showed the occurrence of grafting. The surface-diffusion controlled process model was proposed to describe the grafting mechanism. The graft copolymer was blended with tackifier and filler for waterborne contact adhesive applications. The 180 degree peel strength of the above adhesive for canvas to other decoration materials was investigated.     

Multiwall carbon nanotubes enhance the fatigue performance of physiologically maintained methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer

The introduction of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-polymer composites ushered in fresh opportunities for engineering new materials with high performance capabilities. The nanoscale dimensions and extraordinary properties of MWCNTs directly address the sub-micron damage mechanisms (such as crazing) that culminate during the fatigue failure of most polymers. The large traditional graphite fibers commonly used in composite materials do little to address these microscopic mechanisms of cyclic deformation; thus, MWCNTs offer new promise for improving the fatigue performance of polymer systems where the previous successes of traditional graphite fibers were limited. To test this theory, small amounts (0-10 wt%) of MWCNTs were added to methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer (MMA-co-Sty), a chief component of commercial bone cement. The resulting nanocomposites were tested to failure in fully reversed tension-compression fatigue in a 37 °C saline environment. Testing at 20 MPa peak stress showed that adding 2 wt% and 5 wt% MWCNTs enhanced the fatigue performance of MMA-co-Sty by 565% and 592%, respectively. These results clearly demonstrate that MWCNTs can substantially enhance the fatigue performance of this polymer. Furthermore, a comparison of these results with the literature shows that MWCNTs are better candidates than traditional graphite fibers for improving the fatigue performance of polymer systems.