共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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制备了5,5′-偶氮四唑锌(ZnATZ),在室温条件下使其发生晶型转变。用IR、Raman、XRD对ZnATZ的晶型转变进行了研究。结果表明,ZnATZ和转晶后产物(t-ZnATZ)的IR和Raman谱图峰形基本一致,有红移现象,XRD峰强和位置差别较大,说明两者结构相同、晶型不同,互为同质多晶型体。将ZnATZ和t-ZnATZ进行了爆炸性能对比,感度测试结果表明,ZnATZ具有良好的火焰感度,撞击感度较高,有望用作无铅点火药、击发药或针刺药组分;而t-ZnATZ对机械作用钝感。 相似文献
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以间苯二甲酸为初始原料合成一种新型化合物5-[4-(十六烷氧基)苯基偶氮]-1,3-苯基-二(1,3,4-噁二唑硫)乙酸甲酯,采用IR、UV-vis和1H NMR对中间体和目标化合物结构进行了表征.365 nm紫外光照射下,5-[4-(十六烷氧基)苯基偶氮]-1,3-苯基-二(1,3,4-噁二唑硫)乙酸甲酯中偶氮苯结构发生光致反-顺异构化现象,计算得到光致反-顺异构化转化效率(R)、光稳态时顺式异构体含量(Y)及反-顺异构化速率常数(Kp)分别为80.95%、84.99%、和1.3389 min-1. 相似文献
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以取代苯胺为原料,经重氮化后与取代苯酚偶联合成了5个偶氮苯酚类化合物,产物经FTIR、1 HNMR表征。结果表明,产物结构与预期一致。 相似文献
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研究了以苯甲醛、水合肼为原料,经缩合、成环和水解三步反应合成1–氨基四唑的方法,采用红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析等对中间体及产物结构进行了表征。考察了缩合反应温度、成环反应中原甲酸三乙酯与苯甲醛腙的摩尔比对反应收率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:缩合反应温度为05℃,n(原甲酸三乙酯)∶n(苯甲醛腙)=1.8∶1。三步反应总收率为49.5%。 相似文献
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以间苯二甲酸为原料,经多步反应合成了一种新型烷氧基偶氮萘化合物5-[4-(十六烷氧基)-1-萘基偶氮]-1,3-苯二甲酸二乙酯。用FT-IR、1H NMR对其结构进行了表征。该化合物(3.24×10-5 mol/L四氢呋喃溶液)紫外光谱K带的最大吸收波长为406 nm,摩尔吸光系数ε为18 437 L/(mol﹒cm)。在365 nm紫外光照射下,该化合物发生反-顺异构化,光照6 min后达到光稳态,K带最大吸收波长蓝移至403 nm,将其置于暗室中,48 h后恢复到光照前状态。光稳态时偶氮发色团反-顺异构化转化效率R为42.4%,顺式异构体的比例Y为44.5%。 相似文献
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《化学推进剂与高分子材料》2016,(2):49-53
为考察新型含能化合物二硝基胍(DNGu)对固体推进剂能量性能的影响,采用能星5.0版程序,模拟计算了DNGu替换CMDB(复合改性双基)、HTPB(端羟基聚丁二烯)推进剂中的AP(高氯酸铵),替换NEPE(硝酸酯增塑剂聚醚)、GAP(聚叠氮缩水甘油醚)推进剂中的主氧化剂AP和次级氧化剂HMX(环四亚甲基四硝胺)后体系的能量效果。结果显示:DNGu单质推进剂平衡流比冲比ADN(二硝酰胺铵)、AP要高得多;DNGu对4种推进剂配方体系能量贡献均优于AP,如果设计合适的配方体系,DNGu对CMDB推进剂能量贡献超越ADN;DNGu作为GAP推进剂中主氧化剂时,能量水平高于AP,作为次级氧化剂时,能量水平低于HMX;DNGu作为NEPE推进剂主氧化剂时,理论比冲存在最大值,替换HMX作为次级氧化剂时,理论比冲降低。 相似文献
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《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2017,42(11):1278-1282
Guanidinium and triaminoguanidinium azotetrazolate (GUAZ, TAGAZ) were used as high‐nitrogen compounds for the preparation of new propellants bound with nitrocellulose and plasticized with dibutyl phthalate and 3‐methyl‐3‐nitroxymethyloxetane. The new propellant compositions were tested by using a differential thermal analysis‐thermogravimetric technique, friction sensitivity and impact were ascertained and pyrostatic tests were conducted. Regardless of the amount of TAGAZ and plasticizer type, the propellants exhibit similar maximum pressure of the gases which allow for the replacement of NC in propellants by TAGAZ. 相似文献
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《火炸药学报》2015,(4)
以5-氨基四唑(5-AT)为原料,经氧化和离子置换反应合成了富氮含能化合物偶氮四唑二胍(GZT),用红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析、高效液相色谱、质谱和扫描电镜对目标化合物进行表征。采用DSC考察了目标化合物的热性能,并测试了其机械感度,通过实验得到最佳的合成工艺为:氢氧化钾的浓度为1.5mol/L,5-氨基四唑、高锰酸钾与硝酸胍的摩尔比为1.0∶1.0∶1.1,氧化反应温度为60℃,氧化反应时间60min,置换反应的温度为80℃,在最佳合成条件下产率为97.2%,纯度为99%,产物为黄色针状晶体,尺寸均一。产物的分解峰温为256.6℃,摩擦感度和撞击感度分别为4%和16%,表明该富氮含能化合物的分解温度高,机械感度低,在生产和运输过程中具有较高的安全性。 相似文献
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《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2017,42(3):276-283
Six types of gas generators based on guanidinium azotetrazolate (GZT) were designed into six formulations having different oxidants: GZT‐LiNO3 (1), GZT‐NaNO3 (2), GZT‐KNO3 (3), GZT‐Mg(NO3)2 (4), GZT‐Sr(NO3)2 (5) and GZT‐KMnO4 (6), respectively. The properties of these formulations were investigated in terms from gas production, appropriate combustion temperature and nontoxic gaseous emission. REAL software calculation program [1] was used to calculate the combustion heat at constant pressure, combustion heat at constant volume and specific volume in standard state. It showed that gas generators based on GZT with nitrate salts as oxidant exhibited better performance. Thus its thermal behavior and combustion temperature were studied further and the experimental results were consistent with the theoretical calculation results. Therefore, it can be concluded that formulation 3 has comprehensive optimal performance: low moisture content, insensitivity to friction, heightened vacuum stability, high combustion heat and specific volume. Namely, formulation 3 exhibited the most promising indications of commercial application, such as using in air bags of motor vehicles. 相似文献
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Marcel Hanke Niklas Hansen Emilia Tomm Guido Grundmeier Adrian Keller 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(15)
Guanidinium (Gdm) undergoes interactions with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups and, thus, is a highly potent denaturant of biomolecular structure. However, our molecular understanding of the interaction of Gdm with proteins and DNA is still rather limited. Here, we investigated the denaturation of DNA origami nanostructures by three Gdm salts, i.e., guanidinium chloride (GdmCl), guanidinium sulfate (Gdm2SO4), and guanidinium thiocyanate (GdmSCN), at different temperatures and in dependence of incubation time. Using DNA origami nanostructures as sensors that translate small molecular transitions into nanostructural changes, the denaturing effects of the Gdm salts were directly visualized by atomic force microscopy. GdmSCN was the most potent DNA denaturant, which caused complete DNA origami denaturation at 50 °C already at a concentration of 2 M. Under such harsh conditions, denaturation occurred within the first 15 min of Gdm exposure, whereas much slower kinetics were observed for the more weakly denaturing salt Gdm2SO4 at 25 °C. Lastly, we observed a novel non-monotonous temperature dependence of DNA origami denaturation in Gdm2SO4 with the fraction of intact nanostructures having an intermediate minimum at about 40 °C. Our results, thus, provide further insights into the highly complex Gdm–DNA interaction and underscore the importance of the counteranion species. 相似文献
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丁羟推进剂/衬层界面黏结性能劣化的动态力学表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了高温加速老化过程中丁羟推进剂联合黏结试件的老化特性,探索了利用动态力学表征丁羟推进剂/衬层界面(P/L界面)黏结性能劣化的方法.结果表明,高温老化使黏结件P/L界面黏结强度增大,推进剂中可迁移组分向衬层的迁移量增加,衬层降解,这使得P/L界面两侧材料力学性能差异增大,缺陷增多,P/L界面黏结性能劣化.动态力学分析实验表明,衬层初始模量、界面推进剂和本体推进剂的储能模量与黏结件黏结强度具有相关性,可作为表征P/L界面黏结性能劣化的参数.给出了利用动态力学参量表征黏结件黏结强度的回归关系. 相似文献
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高性能水性聚氨酯乳液的合成及表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高性能环保的丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯乳液是当前涂料工业研究的一个热点。以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-80)、聚醚二元醇(N210)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为主要原料,采用原位乳液聚合法,先制得水性聚氨酯(PU)预聚物/乙烯基单体混合物,然后加入引发剂,自由基乳液聚合得到聚氨酯.丙烯酸酯(PUA)复合乳液。研究发现PUA乳液的性能及外观与NCO/OH比值、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)含量、中和度等密切相关。当NCO/OH的摩尔比为1,3~1.4,—COOH含量约2.6%(质量分数),中和度=90%-100%时,所得PUA乳液外观好、性能佳。 相似文献