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针状焦作为生产石墨电极和锂离子电池负极材料的原料在电炉炼钢行业和电池工业中得到广泛应用,基于我国能源情况大力发展煤系针状焦,对我国的能源战略安全具有重要意义。本文介绍了煤沥青中喹啉不溶物(QI)、族组成、芳香度、杂原子有机物等组成对针状焦微观结构和性能的影响,并阐述了国内外关于调控煤沥青组成,制备优质针状焦的研究进展。在此基础上,提出煤沥青的组成和性质是影响煤系针状焦品质的关键因素,通过对沥青组成分布、分子结构与分子量分布的调控有望获取优质针状焦产品,促进煤系针状焦行业的技术进步和产品升级。 相似文献
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研究生产工艺对针状焦晶体结构的影响,包括延迟焦化、高温煅烧、热捏合-成型、高温石墨化等工艺过程,并采用了X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜、热膨胀仪、偏光显微镜等方法对结果进行了分析表征。结果表明:煤沥青经490℃炭化过程得到生焦,偏光显微镜和扫描电镜证实晶体结构得到改善,呈明显的纤维状结构,流线型较好;生焦在1 500℃下进行煅烧,经X射线衍射分析得知,晶体层面距d002减小,由0.3518 nm降到0.3468 nm,说明生焦的有序结构得到了进一步发展;通过测定石墨电极的CTE值,当针状焦和黏结剂的比例由10誜4改变为10誜5时,电极的CTE值由3.224×10-6/℃降至2.724×10-6/℃。 相似文献
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煤沥青及其溶剂组分的炭化性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对四种煤沥青及其溶剂组分形成状焦的炭化性进行了形究,结果表明:沥青的BS组分单独炭化虽能生成针状焦但收率低,加入适量BI—QS组分不仅会增加收率,而且会促进形成更多的纤维收结构,从而改善针状焦性质。此外,将太钢沥青的分子结构同A240沥青进行了对比,探讨了其中间相转化动态差异的原因。 相似文献
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通过添加无机、有机催化剂和磁场,研究了不同条件下制备的针状焦的结构与性能。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、循环伏安法(CV)和电化学阻抗(EIS)分析方法表征了不同制备条件下针状焦的结构与性能的关系。结果表明:向煤沥青中添加氯化铁(FeCl3)或对甲苯磺酸(FTSA)和六次甲基四胺(HMTA)后,经聚合煅烧生成大片层纤维的针状焦。在磁场作用下,添加了氯化铁的针状焦有序度增加,电化学性能最好,是炭电极的良好骨料。 相似文献
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以中温煤沥青为原料,三种氯代芳烃为改性剂,对甲基苯磺酸为催化剂,对煤沥青进行了改性研究.改性煤沥青通过FT-IR和TG进行分析,中间相结构采用光学偏光显微镜进行了观察,针状焦采用XRD分析.结果表明,不同氯代芳烃化合物对改性煤沥青炭化产率有着不同的影响,其光学组织结构中的纤维成分均得到提高:其中,经3-氯硝基苯改性后的炭化产率增加了42.5%,其光学组织呈典型的长程纤维结构;而XRD分析亦表明,002峰位往高角度方向迁移,峰形更加尖锐突出,Lc明显增大都表明石墨化进行较充分. 相似文献
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针对煤焦油沥青高芳香度、高缩合度和高杂原子含量的特点,在用作制备高性能沥青基炭纤维及其它高级炭材料的原料时,须对煤沥青进行改性处理。详细介绍了煤沥青加氢还原的有效途径,包括Birch还原法、溶剂加氢法、催化氢化法、醇类加氢法和电化学加氢法等,并对加氢作用机理及其应用前景作了详细评述。 相似文献
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利用化学活性物质对煤沥青进行改性处理,研究了改性煤沥青炭化产物的结构和性能。研究结果表明,改性煤沥青炭化产物的显微结构根据化学活性物质的添加量的不同可是流动状、细镶嵌状和光学各向异性结构;适量的添加化学活性物质,可得到微晶发育良好,抗氧化性优良的沥青炭化产物。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%. 相似文献
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塔设备改造选型的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后,着重介绍一种新型塔板(导向梯形浮阀塔板)和一种新型填料(波环填料——乾隆帕克)。 相似文献