基于Al/CuOx复合薄膜半导体桥间隙点火性能研究

为了提升半导体桥(SCB)的点火能力,尤其是点燃钝感药剂的能力,采用磁控溅射技术将Al/CuO_x复合薄膜与半导体桥相融合,形成含能点火器件,并研究了该含能点火器件的发火感度和点火能力。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线能谱仪(EDS)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了Al/CuO_x复合薄膜的微观形貌和组成。结果表明,在溅射过程中氧化铜薄膜主要以黑铜矿(Cu_2~(1+)Cu_2~1+O_3)形式存在;复合薄膜中Al、Cu、O三种元素质量分数分别为28.8%,32.5%和38.7%,且Al与Cu原子比例接近于理论比1:1;差示扫描量热仪(DSC)显示Al/CuO_x复合薄膜放热量约为2175.4J·g~(-1);高速摄影技术测试Al/CuO_x复合薄膜的燃烧速率约为3.0m·s~(-1);兰利法测得该含能点火器件50%发火电压为8.45 V,99.9%发火电压为12.39 V。点火能力实验表明,在点火间隙为4 mm时,该含能器件能够点燃钝感点火药硼-硝酸钾(B/KNO_3)药片,显著提升了半导体桥的点火能力。     

图形反转剥离工艺用于复合含能点火桥膜的制备

为了制备高点火能力的复合含能桥膜,对图形反转剥离工艺进行研究,发现其倒梯形的光刻胶剖面有利于制备高精度的厚膜图形。以Ti为过渡层,在Si3N4/Si基底上成功制备出线宽80μm、厚度2μm的W型Ni/Al多层复合含能桥膜,形状完整清晰;SEM和EDS分析表明,桥膜表面晶粒均匀,成分稳定。采用高速摄影仪分别拍摄了等尺寸、等厚度的Al桥膜、Ni桥膜和Ni/Al复合桥膜在100μF电容(140V充电电压)放电下的无药点火情况,发现Ni/Al复合桥膜反应迅速,火焰喷射面积更大,并能抛撒出大量火花,且持续时间最长。     

氧化钌点火桥电爆及点火性能

为了简化氧化钉(RuO_2)点火桥制作工艺,提高输出能量,并能满足低能发火及快速响应的要求,采用低温共烧陶瓷技术设计并制作了30种不同结构尺寸的V型氧化钌点火桥,研究了点火桥在恒压激励下的电爆性能,根据B/KNO_3点火药的点火试验结果,评估其点火能力。结果表明,V型结构设计有利于提高桥区电流密度,在V型桥的最窄处容易形成热点,有利于降低电爆所需能量;V型氧化钉点火桥的夹角、长宽比以及最窄处宽度对其电爆性能影响较大。在40 V恒压激励下,V型氧化钌点火桥夹角为60°,长宽比为0.43,最窄处宽度为100μm时,电爆所需输入能量小为1.47 mJ,输出能量最大为8.46 mJ,可以点燃B/KNO_3点火药。     

温度对半导体桥电爆性能影响初探

为了研究温度对半导体桥（SCB）电爆和点火的影响,采用电容放电激励的方式,研究了SCB在环境温度分别为25℃和-40℃的电爆特性,建立数学模型并探讨了环境温度对SCB电爆的影响;开展了以Al/CuO纳米铝热剂为点火药剂的SCB点火感度实验,在环境温度为25℃和-40℃测试了Al/CuO纳米铝热剂的点火温度,并采用Neyer D最优化法测试SCB点火感度。结果发现,当充电电压由30 V增加至50 V时,电爆延迟时间差值由0.47μs降低至0.25μs,电爆所需能量的差值由0.16 mJ增加至0.65 mJ,表明随着充电电压的增加,环境温度对电爆延迟时间的影响减小,对电爆所需能量的影响增大;并发现不同温度下Al/CuO纳米铝热剂点火温度没有显著差异,为740.7℃;-40℃时的SCB临界发火电压比25℃时高0.6 V。     

含能半导体桥在点火中的应用研究

设计了一种点火器,采用Al/MoO_3复合薄膜体系的含能半导体桥作为发火元件,B-KNO_3点火药为发火药,并对其发火感度、安全电流、发火时间及P——t参数进行了测试。结果表明:含能半导体桥发火感度与常规半导体桥相比无明显变化,但其安全电流明显提高,能够满足GJB 344A中规定的A类钝感电起爆器相关要求和发动机点火要求。     

一种内置双层电热MEMS安保机构的微点火序列

为实现点火序列的高安全性及微封装体积,研究设计并制作了一种内置双层电热MEMS安保机构的微点火序列,该序列包含了点火器、安保机构及点火药等核心部件,整体封装尺寸为Φ10 mm×3.3 mm。其中安保机构为具有双稳态功能的双层结构,前端的点火器为覆盖有Al/CuO微装药的NiCr桥箔,桥箔电极采用背部无引线封装的方法来降低序列封装体积,后端的点火药采用硼/硝酸钾（Boron/potassium nitrate）点火药。采用控制Al/CuO装药量的方法对其安保性能进行测试,结果表明该序列在Al/CuO装药尺寸为Φ800μm×30μm时安保机构在安全状态下能够阻隔前端点火器火焰能量的传递并保持结构功能完整,在解保状态下能够使后端的点火药被点火器点燃,具备点火隔火能力。     

介电式AI/CuO复合薄膜点火桥的电爆性能

提出了“介电式复合薄膜点火桥”的概念,并以AI膜作电极,CuO膜作电介质层,用微细加工技术制备了介电式Al/CuO复合薄膜点火桥样品,尺寸为2000μm x2000 μm x2.6 μm,电阻值约4Ω.用60 V以上恒压源可激发点火桥发生电爆炸,电爆过程中Al/CuO复合薄膜发生了氧化还原反应,生成的单质Cu使点火桥产...     

纳米Al-CuO/氧化石墨烯含能点火桥膜的制备与电爆性能研究

首先通过静电自组装将Al和CuO纳米粒子均匀负载在GO片层上,得到纳米Al-CuO/GO复合含能材料最佳制备工艺;再利用电泳沉积法在硅基底的Cu桥膜上制备Al-CuO/GO含能点火桥膜;最后,以电容放电的激发方式,开展了纳米Al-CuO/GO含能点火桥膜的电爆性能研究。结果表明:在相同能量激发下,纳米Al-CuO/GO含能桥膜的电爆时间更短、能量利用率更高、释放能量更高。     

介电式AI/CuO复合薄膜点火桥的电爆性能

提出了“介电式复合薄膜点火桥”的概念,并以AI膜作电极,CuO膜作电介质层,用微细加工技术制备了介电式Al/CuO复合薄膜点火桥样品,尺寸为2000μm x2000 μm x2.6 μm,电阻值约4Ω.用60 V以上恒压源可激发点火桥发生电爆炸,电爆过程中Al/CuO复合薄膜发生了氧化还原反应,生成的单质Cu使点火桥产生了延迟放电效应.用原子发射光谱双谱线法测试了60 V和80 V激发时点火桥的电爆炸温度和持续时间.60 V激发时点火桥电爆炸温度主要分布在2500 ～3500 K,持续时间约0.35 ms;80 V激发时点火桥电爆炸温度主要分布在3500 ～4000 K,持续时间约0.55 ms.     

(B/Ti)_n/TaN薄膜点火桥的制备及点火性能

利用磁控溅射与微细加工技术,将B/Ti多层膜沉积在TaN模桥制备了(B/Ti)n/TaN薄膜点火桥(膜桥),其中TaN膜桥的尺寸为80m×40m×2m,B/Ti多层膜尺寸为4mm×4mm,层数为40层,第一层B厚度400nm,其后每层B或Ti厚度为200nm,总μμμ厚度约8m。用电压40V、电容47F的钽电容对样品进行发火性能测试。结果表明:TaN膜桥的点火延迟时间为85s、点火输μμμ入能量15mJ、爆炸温度2500~3500K、火焰持续时间0.15ms左右、炸药持续高度5mm左右,而(B/Ti)n/TaN膜桥的点火延迟时间为37s、点火输入能量6mJ、爆炸温度4000~8500K、火焰持续时间大于0.25ms、火焰持续高度10mm以上。在点火桥上沉积B/Tiμ多层膜可降低点火延迟时间和点火输入能量,有效提升火工品的点火性能。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.