卷取机助卷辊表面堆焊研制

采用埋弧堆焊工艺在20CrNiMo表面堆焊6-8mm的Cr13系列新型马氏体不锈钢熔覆材料，分析熔覆金属的组织形貌，并进行耐磨性和硬度测定。研究结果表明，熔覆金属的焊态组织主要为板条状马氏体和大量的残余奥氏体，并伴有少量的回火马氏体，同时在马氏体间可见少量较小的碳化物。经500℃回火后其组织为回火马氏体和少量残余奥氏体，碳化物析出相增多。焊态硬度值为46-50HRC,回火后硬度值为54-58HRC,磨损失重是45#淬火钢的0.31倍。经过六个月的使用后，助卷辊的单边磨损量1.13mm,辊面平均硬度值在54.2HRC,说明该熔覆金属具有优异的耐磨性能。     

热轧卷取机助卷辊表面堆焊材料的研制

采用埋弧堆焊工艺在热轧卷取机助卷辊表面堆焊一定厚度的耐磨层,利用SEM测定耐磨层的组织形貌和成分分布,并测量其耐磨性和硬度,分析高温状态下耐磨层中合金元素的迁移。研究结果表明,堆焊层熔覆金属组织为针状马氏体和大量的均匀分布的碳化物;焊态硬度值为HRC53-55,经530℃回火处理后硬度值为HRC57-59,在使用过程中发现工作层表面出现约80μm~100μm氧化层,降低了助卷辊的粘钢倾向,提高了使用寿命。     

热处理工艺对Cr12MoV钢组织及硬度的影响

采用金相显微镜、XRD射线衍射仪及维氏硬度计等,研究了普通热处理和深冷处理工艺对Cr12MoV钢显微组织及硬度的影响.结果 表明:Cr12MoV钢经普通热处理和深冷处理淬火后的组织均为隐针马氏体+残余奥氏体+碳化物,200℃低温回火后组织转变为回火马氏体+碳化物+残余奥氏体.深冷处理可大幅减少钢中残余奥氏体,提升钢的硬...     

热轧卷取机助卷辊表面堆焊材料的研制

在热轧卷取机助卷辊表面利用埋弧堆焊工艺焊接一定厚度的耐磨层,通过扫描电子显微镜测量耐磨层组成的微观结构和成分分布,并对其进行测量耐磨性和硬度,分析在高温条件下迁移耐磨层中的合金元素。研究结果表明,堆焊层有针状马氏体和大量均匀分布的碳化物的熔覆金属组织;焊后硬度值为HRC53-55,经过530℃回火后,其硬度值为HRC57-59。在使用过程中,发现有尺寸为约80μm至100μm的氧化物层在在工作层的表面出现,有助于助卷辊的粘钢程度变低,改善了使用年限。     

热处理工艺对NM450耐磨钢组织与性能的影响

对控轧控冷工艺生产的16 mm厚度规格NM450耐磨钢板进行930℃+保温20 min淬火、200℃+保温25 min回火处理,并对热轧态、淬火态及回火态的钢板取样进行组织性能分析。结果表明,热轧后钢板组织为铁素体+珠光体以及少量贝氏体,淬火组织为马氏体+残余奥氏体以及少量贝氏体,回火组织为马氏体+残余奥氏体+针状贝氏体。试验钢淬火+回火处理后Rm1 378 MPa,A5021.5%,-20℃夏比冲击功61 J,表面布氏硬度443 HBW,具有良好的综合力学性能。     

淬火方式对M42高速钢组织和性能的影响

采用不同淬火方式(沙冷,雾冷,油冷,水冷)处理M42高速钢,通过SEM、AFM、XRD及维氏硬度仪研究不同冷却速率(1~35℃/s)对该合金微观组织与硬度的影响。结果表明,随淬火冷却速率增大:冷却过程中碳化物析出减少,淬火态残余奥氏体量增加;回火马氏体尺寸从150~200 nm减少到30~60 nm,马氏体晶界上二次碳化物析出量增多且尺寸减小;淬火态合金硬度从835 HV降低至788 HV,回火时二次硬化效果更加明显,回火态合金硬度从945 HV升高至1 002 HV,红硬性硬度从856 HV升高至924 HV。     

热处理对Cr8Mo2WSiV工模具钢组织和性能的影响

试验了淬、回火温度对成分为(％)：0．95C，0．93Si，7．94Cr，1．93Mo，0．92W，0．25V的工模具钢Cr8Mo2WSiV的组织和硬度的影响。结果表明Cr8Mo2WSiV钢1050℃淬火组织为马氏体、块粒状碳化物和少量残余奥氏体，1050℃淬火，520℃回火后，钢的HRC硬度值可达63，并具有较好的韧性。     

热处理工艺对Cr12MoV钢组织、硬度及耐磨性的影响

本试验研究了不同淬火和回火工艺热处理对Cr12MoV钢组织、硬度和磨损性能的影响。实验结果表明:当在1050~1100℃范围内淬火、520℃回火时,得隐针马氏体+少量残余奥氏体组织,材料硬度与耐磨性均较好;当在1100℃淬火,各温度二次回火硬度均较一次回火高,当在550℃回火时,试验钢实现二次硬化,且残余奥氏体大量转变,硬度和耐磨性达最大值,材料性能最优。     

回火温度对不同自回火程度的中碳马氏体钢组织和拉伸性能的影响

为探究不同自回火程度的中碳马氏体钢在回火过程中的组织演化及其对材料力学性能的影响，采用水淬与油淬2种方式淬火，研究了2种自回火程度存在明显差异的马氏体组织在不同回火温度区间内的组织演化，并对比分析了2种淬火态及回火后板料的拉伸性能。结果表明：在淬火及低温回火过程中，马氏体组织内析出的ε-碳化物会明显改善材料的塑韧性。水淬马氏体组织中的ε-碳化物是在温度为200℃的回火过程中析出。油淬马氏体组织中的ε-碳化物则是在淬火过程中析出，而在低温回火过程中，淬火态组织中的亚稳ε-碳化物会发生分解。当回火温度为300和400℃时，2种淬火态组织的演化依次为残余奥氏体的分解以及渗碳体的形成，马氏体组织中的位错密度均逐渐降低。     

铝对Cr8WMo2V2SiNb冷作模具钢组织及力学性能的影响

采用金相、扫面电镜等分析手段,研究了铝对Cr8WMo2V2SiNb钢组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:铝能够细化铸态组织;细化碳化物颗粒尺寸;提高临界点温度,使淬火组织中容易出现铁素体组织;细化奥氏体晶粒尺寸;促进残余奥氏体向马氏体转变,提高回火硬度;在韧性损失不大的情况下提高钢材的抗弯强度和耐磨性。     

Microstructural Evolution of AerMet100 Steel Coating on 300M Steel Fabricated by Laser Cladding Technique

In this paper, the process of coating AerMet100 steel on forged 300M steel with laser cladding was investigated, with a thorough analysis of the chemical composition, microstructure, and hardness of the substrate and the cladding layer as well as the transition zone. Results show that the composition and microhardness of the cladding layer are macroscopically homogenous with the uniformly distributed bainite and a small amount of retained austenite in martensite matrix. The transition zone, which spans approximately 100 μm, yields a gradual change of composition from the cladding layer to 300M steel matrix. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) can be divided into three zones: the sufficiently quenched zone (SQZ), the insufficiently quenched zone (IQZ), and the high tempered zone (HTZ). The SQZ consists of martensitic matrix and bainite, as for the IQZ and the HTZ the microstructures are martensite + tempered martensite and tempered martensite + ferrite, respectively. These complicated microstructures in the HAZ are caused by different peak heating temperatures and heterogeneous microstructures of the as-received 300M steel.     

高锰钢表面激光熔覆Fe-WC复合涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术在高锰钢基体上制备了不同WC含量的Fe-WC复合熔覆层,研究了WC添加量对熔覆层组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明,不同WC含量的Fe-WC熔覆层均含有马氏体、M7C3碳化物和未熔WC颗粒,当加入20wt.％的WC时,熔覆层中出现了残余奥氏体,共晶碳化物呈鱼骨状沿晶界析出.Fe-WC熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性随着...     

6Cr15Mo4VN��иֵ���΢��֯������

Combined with the calculation of Jmatpro software and a large number of trial production, the new type of high temperature resistant stainless bearing steel 6Cr15Mo4VN was developed. DSC analyzer, optical microscope and EPMA were used to study the microstructure and properties of 6Cr15Mo4VN nitrogen- containing bearing steel. The results show that the microstructure of quenched- tempered sample is tempered martensite + carbide + residual austenite, which primary carbide is zonal distribution with an acceptable size, fine carbide is uniformly distributed in martensite matrix. The steel gets lower hardness after annealing and becomes very hard after quenching- tempering, which shows excellent properties for bearing. In 40 mass% nitric acid solution, almost no corrosion occurs. In 10 mass% hydrochloric acid solution, the corrosion resistance property is superior to 9Cr18Mo and 7Cr14MoN.     

烧结熔覆钢表面镍基合金涂层的组织和性能

采用Ni25、Ni45、Ni60合金粉末通过烧结熔覆法在45钢表面制备出不同成分的镍基合金涂层。通过金相显微镜观察和X射线衍射分析等手段对合金涂层的组织形貌、相组成和界面结构进行研究,并对涂层显微硬度进行了测试。结果表明：通过烧结熔覆可以在45钢表面获得较为致密的镍基合金涂层。Ni25合金涂层组织主要为比较粗大的γ-(Ni, Fe)奥氏体以及少量的Cr₂₃C₆碳化物相;Ni45和Ni60合金涂层中除了γ-(Ni, Fe)奥氏体和Cr₂₃C₆碳化物之外,还出现了CrB硼化物。不同成分镍基合金涂层与45钢基体在界面处均形成了良好的冶金结合。当烧结温度1100℃、保温时间15 min时,涂层微观组织致密,硬质相颗粒尺寸较小,分布均匀。Ni60合金涂层的硬度最高,约为HV 735;Ni45合金涂层次之,约为HV 534;Ni25合金涂层硬度最低,只有HV 236。     

W9Mo3Cr4V/45钢复合轧辊的液-固结合界面

 采用重力铸造液 固结合的方法对高速钢复合轧辊结合界面进行了研究,并对切取的小试样进行了完全退火、高温焠火+3次550 ℃×1 h回火处理。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射仪以及显微硬度计对试样进行了金相组织观察、结合面附近合金成分线扫描、组织成分能谱分析、显微硬度测试和X射线衍射相分析。结果表明：在辊芯45号钢表面电磁感应预热到1 270~1 300 ℃,外层W9Mo3Cr4V高速钢钢液浇铸温度为1 550~1 600 ℃的情况下,两者之间以熔合扩散方式形成了牢固的冶金结合;在铸态下结合界面宽度为40~50 μm,碳及合金元素明显向45号钢侧扩散,通过退火及淬回火处理后,高速钢中的碳及合金元素向45号钢侧进一步扩散,结合界面宽度扩大了100 μm左右,45号钢侧得到细片状索氏体组织,高速钢侧为回火马氏体+残余奥氏体+碳化物组织。     

高品质自卸车厢体用NM450耐磨钢板的开发

采用Nb、Ti、Cr、B微合金化成分,设计和开发了高品质自卸车厢体用0.20%～0.25%C耐磨钢NM450。该钢14 mm板900℃淬火200℃回火的组织为回火板条马氏体,并有少量弥散分布的第二相粒子,具有良好的综合性能。NM450钢抗拉强度1459 MPa,延伸率19%,冲击功104 J,表面硬度值450HBW。在弯曲角度为180°,弯头直径为168 mm条件下,弯曲试样合格。采用CHW-70C焊丝,焊接性能良好,焊接接头抗拉强度839MPa,焊缝冲击功113 J,焊缝硬度值282HV,在弯曲角度为90°,弯头直径为168 mm条件下,弯曲试样合格。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel 6Crl5MoV

 Martensitic stainless steel containing Cr of 12% to 18% (mass percent) are common utilized in quenching and tempering processes for knife and cutlery steel. The properties obtained in these materials are significantly influenced by matrix composition after heat treatment, especially as Cr and C content. Comprehensive considered the hardness and corrosion resistance, a new type martensitic stainless steel 6Cr15MoV has been developed. The effect of heat treatment processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel is emphatically researched. Thermo-Calc software has been carried out to thermodynamic calculation; OM, SEM and TEM have been carried out to microstructure observation; hardness and impact toughness test have been carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties. Results show that the equilibrium carbide in 6Cr15MoV steel is M23C6 carbide, and the M23C6 carbides finely distributed in annealed microstructure. 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel has a wider quenching temperature range, the hardness value of steel 6Cr15MoV can reach to HRC 608 to HRC 616 when quenched at 1060 to 1100 ℃. Finely distributed carbides will exist in quenched microstructure, and effectively inhabit the growth of austenite grain. With the increasing of quenching temperature, the volume fraction of undissolved carbides will decrease. The excellent comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained by quenched at 1060 to 1100 ℃ with tempered at 100 to 150 ℃, and it is mainly due to the high carbon martensite and fine grain size. At these temperature ranges, the hardness will retain about HRC 592 to HRC 616 and the Charpy U-notch impact toughness will retain about 173 to 20 J. A lot of M23C6 carbides precipitated from martensite matrix, at the same time along the boundaries of martensite lathes which leading to the decrease of impact toughness when tempered at 500 to 540 ℃. The M3C precipitants also existed in the martensite matrix of test steel after tempered at 500 ℃, and the mean size of M3C precipitates is bigger than that of M23C6 precipitates.     

Co对高Ni-Co二次硬化钢微结构影响的穆斯堡尔谱研究

用穆斯堡尔谱研究了钴含量对高Ni-Co二次硬化钢微结构的影响。发现：随着钢中钴含量的减少,马氏体中的钴作为铁原子近邻的原子组态总量减少,钴在马氏体中的分布会影响镍,铬,钼原子在马氏体中的分布;钴促进奥氏体向马氏体转变,减少残余奥氏体量,钴促进合金碳化物的形成,增加其析出量。     

Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of martensitic stainless steel 6Cr15MoV

Martensitic stainless steel containing 12%-18%Cr have high hardness due to high carbon content. These steels are common utilized in quenching and tempering processes for knife and cutlery steel.The properties obtained in these materials are significantly influenced by matrix composition after heat treatment,especially as Cr and C content.Comprehensive considered the hardness and corrosion resistance,a new type martensitic stainless steel 6Cr15MoV has been developed.This study emphatic researches the effect of heat treatment processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel.Thermo-Calc software has been carried out to thermodynamic calculation;optical microscope（OM）,scanning electronic microscope（SEM） and transmission electron microscope（TEM） have been carried out to microstructure observation;hardness and impact toughness test have been carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties.Results show that the equilibrium carbide in 6Cr15MoV steel is M₂₃,C₆ carbide,and finely distributed of M₂₃C₆ carbides can be observed on annealed microstructure of 6Cr15MoV stainless steel.6Cr15MoV martensitic stainless steel has a wider quenching temperature range,the hardness value of steel 6Cr15MoV can reach to 60.8 -61.6 HRC when quenched at 1060 - 1100℃.Finely distributed carbides will exist in quenched microstructure,and effectively inhabit the growth of austenite grain.With the increasing of quenching temperature,the volume fraction of undissolved carbides will decrease.The excellent comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained by quenched at 1060-1100℃with tempered at 100-150℃,and it is mainly due to the high carbon martensite and fine grain size.At these temperature ranges,the hardness will retain about 59.2-61.6 HRC and the Charpy U-notch impact toughness will retain about 17.3-20 J.The morphology of impact fracture surface of tested steel is small dimples with a small amount of cleavage planes.The area of cleavage planes increases with the increasing of tempering temperature.