共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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利用环境星1A/1B遥感影像,运用Jiménez-Munoz & Sobrino's普适性单通道算法定量反演广州市的地表温度(Land Surface Temperature,LST) ,结合MNF主成分分析和支持向量机获取的不透水面分布格局,利用面向对象分类方法获得了土地利用覆盖情况,重点研究广州市不透水面、土地覆盖和植被指数与城市热环境的定量关系。研究结果显示:基于大气水汽含量实测数据的JM&S普适性单通道算法反演结果更精确;广州市2009~2011年的不透水面面积和土地覆盖与平均地表温度相关性分析表明:广州市连续3 a呈现城市扩张的现象,城市热效应显著加剧;城市平均地表温度与不透水面面积呈现正相关,与城市的植被指数和裸土指数呈现负相关。 相似文献
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西宁和拉萨城市作为青藏高原人类活动的热点地区,其发展历程对青藏高原社会经济发展具有重要影响。研究基于遥感影像、城市规划图和历史地图等资料重建了西宁和拉萨城市1949基准年、1978基准年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2018年城市扩展及2000年以来城市不透水层和绿地空间组分数据,分析了1949基准年以来西宁和拉萨主城区城市扩展的时空特征,揭示了社会经济因素和政策因素对城市土地利用/覆盖变化的影响。研究结果表明:(1)新中国成立以来,西宁和拉萨主城区持续扩展,均呈现非线性的增长态势,城市土地面积分别从1949基准年的1.98 km2和1.10 km2增长到2018年的75.65 km2和76.04 km2;西宁主城区城市扩展呈现十字状的扩展态势,拉萨呈现出圈层外延式的扩展模式;(2)自2000年来,西宁和拉萨城市绿化水平显著提升。2000~2018年,西宁和拉萨城市不透水层面积分别从36.91 km2和21.56 km2增加到55.34 km 相似文献
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城市不透水地表作为城市建成区的重要环境指标和物理参数,在城市管理规划、环境评估、灾害预测、城市热岛以及气候变化等领域具有重要价值。及时准确地获取区域尺度城市不透水地表信息,对于城市发展综合规划、科学研究等具有重要意义。以DMSP(Defense Meteorological Satellite Program)和MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)为主要数据,通过构建植被调节型不透水指数(Vegetation-Adjusted Impervious Surface Index, VAISI)和非线性机器学习模型支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression, SVR),完成了1992~2013年我国干旱区主要城市不透水面的22期遥感制图与变化过程聚类分析。研究结果表明:近20 a来我国干旱区城市不透水面总体上扩张幅度较大;时间变化过程上呈现显著扩张的趋势,且这一扩张在过程在2000年前后出现了提速;空间上,干旱区城市扩展的区域异质性显著,各城市不透水面扩张速度不均衡,不同等级规模城市扩张的速度差异明显。结合城市扩张动态度和城市面积聚类分析,我国干旱区主要城市的扩张过程可分为:高速扩张型、快速扩张型、中速扩张型和低速扩张型。 相似文献
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阿姆河三角洲作为典型干旱区,干旱胁迫和次生的盐胁迫决定了本地区生态环境的复杂性和独特性,给遥感地表覆盖制图带来一定的困难。在土地利用/覆盖(LULC)遥感图像分类任务中,数量大、质量高、成本低的样本和速度快、性能稳定的分类器是高效实现高精度分类的关键。在一些偏远地区开展土地利用/地表覆盖遥感图像分类依然面临着标记样本空间上稀疏、时间上不连续甚至是缺失,人工收集成本高等问题。为此,结合最优树集成和样本迁移的思想,构建了一种高效的地表覆盖自动更新的新方法。该方法通过变化检测在历史产品上的同期影像上进行样本标签的标记,并将过去的地表覆盖类型标签转移到同源目标影像上,使用最优树集成(Ensemble of optimum trees,OTE)完成地表覆盖自动分类。根据阿姆河三角洲地区地表覆盖分类试验结果,表明该方法可以提取有效的地表覆盖标签,并能较高精度发实现土地利用/地表覆盖的自动分类更新。 相似文献
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植被作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,常被用作评估气候变化和生态恢复成效的指标。以石羊河流域为研究对象,基于Google Earth Engine (GEE)平台采用Theil-Sen趋势分析和MannKendall检验(TS-MK)、Hurst指数揭示植被覆盖变化特征;采用偏相关分析、残差分析和地理探测器探究植被覆盖变化的影响因素。结果表明:2001~2020年间石羊河流域植被NDVI呈现波动增长趋势,增长率为0.023/10 a;呈显著增加趋势和显著减少趋势的面积占比分别为72.32%和2.40%。未来植被NDVI变化趋势保持一致(Hurst>0.5)的面积占比为63.84%,其中持续性显著增加的面积占比最大,为47.37%。偏相关分析结果表明降水对植被生长的影响较强,而温度、太阳辐射和饱和水汽压差的影响相对较弱。残差分析结果表明气候要素和人类活动影响下植被NDVI呈显著增加趋势的面积占比分别为21.59%和60.07%,石羊河流域的植被变化主要受人类活动的积极影响。此外,地理探测器的结果表明植被NDVI的空间分布主要受水热条件分布特征的影响。该研究结果有助于深化对植被覆盖变化... 相似文献
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基于Google云平台的ERP系统的设计与实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对传统ERP系统不易扩展、重复建设、成本高、难以满足中小型企业需求等问题,设计并提出基于云计算的ERP系统体系结构。并构建Google App Engine(GAE)云平台开发环境,以此实现一个可扩展的、服务可重用的、按需付费的、低成本的云计算ERP系统,从而满足中小型企业的信息化需求。 相似文献
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Urban land cover composition is the key factor affecting the living environment and urban ecosystem service. Based on the Google Earth Engine platform, Landsat 5/8 remote sensing image data were used to adopt the improved \"Vegetation-Impervious Surface-Soil\" model and linear spectral mixed decomposition method. The variation characteristics of land cover in Nur-Sudan, Almaty, Urumqi cities from 1990 to 2015 were compared and analyzed. The results show that the urban built-up area of Urumqi city expanded the largest area of the three cities from1990 to 2015, with an expansion of 349.81 km2, followed by Nur-Sultan, with a city expansion area of 158.16 km2. As the capital of Kazakhstan was relocated from Almaty to Nur-Sultan, the city of Almaty expanded the slowest during the entire period, with a total expansion of 126.23 km2. In the urban built-up area, the urban surface in Urumqi increased by 7.10% from 1990 to 2015, and the Nur-Sultan and Almaty decreased by 14.9% and 4.49%,respectively. The green space component of the built-up area, Nur-Sultan increased by 6.68% from 1990 to 2015, while Urumqi and Almaty decreased by 6.65% and 2.75%,respectively. The different surface cover patterns of cities are different for different reasons. Urumqi is mainly supported by national policies, and Almaty is known for its historical background and urban planning, while the rapid development of Nur-Sudan was affected by the relocation of Kazakhstan. 相似文献
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Updating the 2001 National Land Cover Database Impervious Surface Products to 2006 using Landsat Imagery Change Detection Methods 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A prototype method was developed to update the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001 to a nominal date of 2006. NLCD 2001 is widely used as a baseline for national land cover and impervious cover conditions. To enable the updating of this database in an optimal manner, methods are designed to be accomplished by individual Landsat scene. Using conservative change thresholds based on land cover classes, areas of change and no-change were segregated from change vectors calculated from normalized Landsat scenes from 2001 and 2006. By sampling from NLCD 2001 impervious surface in unchanged areas, impervious surface predictions were estimated for changed areas within an urban extent defined by a companion land cover classification. Methods were developed and tested for national application across six study sites containing a variety of urban impervious surface. Results show the vast majority of impervious surface change associated with urban development was captured, with overall RMSE from 6.86 to 13.12% for these areas. Changes of urban development density were also evaluated by characterizing the categories of change by percentile for impervious surface. This prototype method provides a relatively low cost, flexible approach to generate updated impervious surface using NLCD 2001 as the baseline. 相似文献
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T. Esch V. Himmler M. Thiel F. Bachofer M. Schmidt S. Dech 《Remote sensing of environment》2009,113(8):1678-3019
Driven by a constantly accelerating increase of urban population in recent decades urban sprawl has become one of the most dynamic processes in the context of global land use transformations. The expansion of urban agglomerations is closely associated with a substantial increase of impervious surface. In Europe, methods for an accurate, fast and cost-effective mapping and assessment of impervious surface on a state-wide or national scale have not been established so far. This study presents an approach for estimating the impervious surface based on a combined analysis of single-date Landsat images and road network and railway vector data using Support Vector Machines and functionalities of geographic information processing. The modeling aims at the provision of data on the impervious surface for the total of residential, industrial and transportation-related areas. The derived information is provided for the administrative units of communities. The output of the procedure is a vector data file providing the ‘percent impervious surface of built-up areas’ (PISB) and the ‘percent impervious surface of the total of built-up and transportation-related areas’ (PISBT) for the administrative units of communities. The developed method is tested for a study area covering almost one third of the German territory. The results prove the suitability of the approach for a widely automated and area-wide mapping of impervious surfaces. Using reference data sets of three cities (Leipzig, Ludwigshafen, Passau) we realized a mean absolute error of 19.8% and an average error of 6.4% for the percent impervious surface modeled on the basis of the Landsat images. The final product resulting from a combination of the imperviousness raster derived from the satellite images with the transportation-related vector information showed a mean difference of 1% to 4% compared to corresponding reference data and results of previous studies. For the year 2000 our research shows that 45.3% of the area occupied by settlements and transport infrastructure in the German federal state of Bavaria, 44.6% in the state of Baden-Württemberg and 42.6% in the state of Saxony was covered by impervious surface. 相似文献
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At present,the main mode of remote sensing image analysis is to download the data,preprocess and extract the thematic information by using the algorithm model.The model has disadvantages of huge amount of data and low efficiency in large scale area.Based on the massive remote sensing image data and powerful computing and storage capabilities of Google Earth Engine platform,we use a linear regression trend analysis method programming to process MOD13Q1-NDVI data,and then analyze the change of vegetation coverage from 2001 to 2015 in beijing|tianjin|hebei.We use threshold method of processing DMSP/OLS data to extract urban land,and analysis of 2001 and 2013 urban expansion and degradation by using change detection method.The results show that:(1)The trend of vegetation change was mainly improved,and the area proportion of improvement was 63%,which was far greater than the proportion of degradation 22%.The region of vegetation improvement is mainly in the northwestern part of the study area,and the region with obvious degraded vegetation is the mainly in the Middle East(Beijing,Tianjin and other megacities).(2)From 2001 to 2010,the area of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei changed little,with a ratio of 60%.[JP2]In 2013,the area decreased by 13 thousand Km2 compared with 2010,with a decrease of 5.97%.(3)90.45% of the urban areas remained unchanged,and the proportion of urban degradation areas(7.2%) was significantly higher than that of the expansion areas(2.3%).This paper makes full use of GEE platform to realize data processing quickly and efficiently,and solve Geosciences problems,so as to provide reference for related research.[JP] 相似文献
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Accurate maps of land cover at high spatial resolution are fundamental to many researchs on carbon cycle, climate change monitoring and soil degradation. Google Earth Engine is a cloud-based platform that makes it easy to access high-performance computing resources for processing very large geospatial datasets. It offer opportunities for generating land cover maps designed to meet the increasingly detailed information needs for science,monitoring, and reporting.In this study, we classified the land cover types in Shanxi using Landsat time series data based on the Google Earth Engine Platform. We selected 1 580 sample points be visual interpretation of the original fine spatial resolution images along with Google Earth historical images over six different cover types. We defined training data by randomly sampling 60% of the sample points. The remaining 40% was used for validation. We generated two diffirent types of Landsat composite: (1) one based on median values which is used as the input image for single-date classification; (2)one based on percentile values which is used as input images for time series classification. Random forest classification was performed with two different types of Landsat composites. Random forest classification was performed with two different types of Landsat composites.We visually compared the single-date based to the time series based cover maps of 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2017 in five local areas, and we future compared the results of time series to other products. We aslo performed an accuracy assessment on the land cover classification products. The results shown: (1) The results of time series classification had an overall accuracy of 84%~94%. The time series results improved overall accuracy by 5%~10% compared to single-date results; (2) The result of time series achieves the classification accuracy of products such as CNLUCC, GlobeLand30 and FROM-GLC.The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Cloud computing and archived Landsat data in the GEE has many advantages for land cover classification at a large geographic scale, such as s strong timeliness, short time cycle and low cost; (2) The statistics metrics from Landsat time series is a viable means for discrimination of land cover types, which is particularly useful for the time series classification. 相似文献
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影像的土地覆被快速分类 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
精确的土地覆盖信息是进行碳循环、气候变化监测、土壤退化等相关科学研究的基础。随着云计算技术的不断成熟,一些高效算法与平台被不断提出,用来充分挖掘遥感数据所包含的海量信息。基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)云平台,利用随机森林监督分类法对1990、2000、2010、2017年的山西省土地覆被进行了分类。参考Google Earth高清影像选择的1580个样本点,对分类结果进行了验证;同时将分类结果与CNLUCC、GlobeLand30、FROM-GLC等现有土地覆被分类产品进行比较。验证和对比发现时间序列分类结果的总体精度达到86%~94%,比同期单时相分类总体精度提高了5%~10%;本文时间序列结果达到了CNLUCC、GlobeLand30、FROM-GLC等产品的分类精度。结果表明:①在快速准确土地覆被分类方面,时间序列影像与云平台结合,显示出时效性强、时间周期短、成本低等优势;②时间序列百分位数指标能有效地区分不同土地覆被类型的物候差别,在进行土地覆被分类方面显示出简单、易用、高效等特点。该方法对于深入研究大区域尺度的土地覆被变化过程具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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城市不透水面及其与城市热岛的关系研究—以泉州市区为例 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用Landsat TM卫星影像提取了泉州市1989到1996年的城市建成区不透水面,并研究了其与城市热岛之间的关系。根据Ridd(1995)提出的城市建成区不透水面与植被覆盖度有很强的负相关关系的思想,先利用归一化植被指数求出泉州市建成区的植被覆盖度,进而提取了泉州市建成区的不透水面。通过比较所提取的两个时相不透水面信息,可以看出泉州市区不透水面的面积在7年里有了明显的增加,并主要沿研究区东南部扩展。通过将所提取的不透水面信息与利用TM6波段反演的地表温度进行相关分析,可发现二者之间存在着明显的正相关关系。 相似文献
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An analysis of urban thermal characteristics and associated land cover in Tampa Bay and Las Vegas using Landsat satellite data 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Remote sensing data from both Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 systems were utilized to assess urban area thermal characteristics in Tampa Bay watershed of west-central Florida, and the Las Vegas valley of southern Nevada. To quantitatively determine urban land use extents and development densities, sub-pixel impervious surface areas were mapped for both areas. The urban-rural boundaries and urban development densities were defined by selecting certain imperviousness threshold values and Landsat thermal bands were used to investigate urban surface thermal patterns. Analysis results suggest that urban surface thermal characteristics and patterns can be identified through qualitatively based urban land use and development density data. Results show the urban area of the Tampa Bay watershed has a daytime heating effect (heat-source), whereas the urban surface in Las Vegas has a daytime cooling effect (heat-sink). These thermal effects strongly correlated with urban development densities where higher percent imperviousness is usually associated with higher surface temperature. Using vegetation canopy coverage information, the spatial and temporal distributions of urban impervious surface and associated thermal characteristics are demonstrated to be very useful sources in quantifying urban land use, development intensity, and urban thermal patterns. 相似文献