多孔硅与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合光致发光特性研究

多孔硅与有机材料复合可以改善多孔硅的光致发光特性。用化学腐蚀的方法制备了多孔硅，通过不同方法实现了多孔硅与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)的复合。实验结果表明，用旋涂法实现的PMMA固化后再与多孔硅复合而制得的样品的结果最好，它与原始的多孔硅样品相比，发光峰发生了蓝移而且发光强度下降很小。PMMA层有限的厚度和PMMA对多孔硅表面的保护使复合后发光强度下降很小。制备的多孔／PMMA复合体系的发光强度几乎不随时间而下降，这可能是由于PMMA有效地隔绝多孔硅与空气的接触，保护了多孔硅的表面，不会产生更多的悬挂键。     

多孔硅基电致发光研究进展

综述了多孔硅电致发光研究进展.阐述了多孔硅液相和全固态电致发光体系及其发光特点,并详细介绍了多孔硅复合体系的制备方法和发光特性.     

多孔硅和有机半导体复合的发光特性研究进展

综述了多孔硅和有机半导体复合的发光特性的研究进展，阐述了多孔硅和有机半导体复合的体系及其发光特性，详细介绍了影响多孔硅和有机半导体复合的发光特性的因素和制备多孔硅和有机半导体复合体系的方法，并讨论了多孔硅和有机半导体复合的发光特性的发光机理，最后综述了目前有待于进一步深入研究的问题及发展趋势。     

制备方法对锌掺杂多孔硅蓝光发射强度及稳定性的影响

分别采用浸渍法和电镀法对多孔硅薄膜进行了锌掺杂.用扫描探针显微镜研究了多孔硅掺杂前后的表面形貌,用荧光分光光度计分析了样品的光致发光特性,发现锌掺杂增强了多孔硅的蓝光发射,且在420nm附近出现了一个小峰,样品放置一个月后,发光强度和峰位变化很小.红外吸收谱表明锌掺杂后,Si-O-Si键、Si2O-SiH键、H2Si-O2键的振动增强,且引入了Zn-O键.锌掺杂多孔硅发射蓝光是由于掺杂后多孔硅无定形程度增大,应力增大,表面进一步被氧化,使纳米硅粒中激发的电子-空穴对在SiOx层中或纳米硅粒与SiOx层界面的发光中心复合发光造成的,420nm处的发光峰是由锌填隙引起浅施主能级上的电子到价带跃迁造成的,同时分析了电镀法掺杂锌的优越性.     

稀土钇掺杂多孔硅光致发光研究

采用电化学方法在多孔硅中掺杂了稀土钇(Y)元素.用荧光分光光度计分析了样品的光致发光特性.多孔硅样品在440nm波长激发下,光致发光谱上主发光峰位于620nm,认为其来源于Si-O复合物的发光中心;多孔硅样品在390nm波长激发下,光致发光谱上主发光峰分别位于527和576nm,并且用量子限制/发光中心模型加以解释.钇掺杂多孔硅样品的光致发光强度明显增强,并且在484nm附近出现新的发光峰.分析结果认为,这是由于钇的掺入,在多孔硅禁带中形成了新的表面能级,从而形成新的发光中心的结果.     

铈掺杂多孔硅的形貌和光致发光研究

采用电化学方法在多孔硅中掺杂了稀土铈(Ce)元素.利用原子力显微镜表征了多孔硅和Ce掺杂多孔硅的表面形貌,采用荧光分光计对样品的光致发光(PL)特性进行了研究.多孔硅样品在480nm波长激发下PL谱上观察到两个发光峰,分别位于572和650nm;通过光致发光激发谱测量,得到位于572、650nm的发光峰对应的最佳激发波长分别为380和477nm.Ce掺杂多孔硅样品在480nm波长激发下,PL谱上只显示出多孔硅原有的发光增强;而在380nm波长激发下的PL谱上不仅显示多孔硅原有的发光增强,而且还出现了新的发光峰位于517nm.认为这分别是Ce3 与nc-Si发生了能量传递和Ce掺杂引入了新的发光中心所造成的.     

多孔硅与聚乙烯咔唑复合光电性能研究

用旋涂法实现了多孔硅与聚乙烯咔唑(PVK)的复合，研究了多孔硅／PVK复合体系的光学性能和电学性能。PL谱的测试发现，复合体系的PL同时具有多孔硅和PVK的峰。此外，在485nm的位置出现了一个新峰，讨论了这个峰的来源。I-V特性测试表明，多孔硅/PVK异质结与多孔硅相比。I-V曲线呈现更好的整流特性，讨论了其原因。     

多孔硅基体系发光特性研究进展

综述了多孔硅基复合体系发光特性的研究进展，阐述了多孔硅基体系及其发光特性，详细介绍了影响多孔硅基体系发光特性的因素和制备多孔硅基体系的方法，并讨论了多孔硅基体系的发光机理。最后综述了目前有待于进一步深入研究的问题及发展趋势。     

制备温度对多孔硅光学特性的影响(英文)

本文不同的温度下制备多孔硅.通过荧光光谱、光吸收谱、X射线光电子谱研究了多孔硅的光和结构特性.研究结果表明存在着一个制备临界温度343 K,当制备温度从临界温度之下提高到临界温度之上时,多孔硅的荧光和光吸收从红移转向蓝移,同时硅2p电子结合能也从减小转向增大.     

浸泡后多孔硅的结构及光致发光特性

用电化学腐蚀方法制备了多孔硅样品,在浸泡液中浸泡使其表层多孔层与样品分离,在样品表面形成了丰富的SiO2包裹纳米硅颗粒结构,研究了样品的光致发光(PL)特性.结果表明,与剥离前相比,表层多孔层剥离后PL谱的强度约有10倍的增幅,峰位主要在蓝紫光范围内.在300℃干氧中退火后,样品的发光强度下降为退火前的三分之一,随着退火温度的升高,发光强度有所增强.退火前后有不同的发光机理,退火前光激发主要在纳米硅内,然后在二氧化硅层中的发光中心辐射复合;退火后光激发和光辐射都发生在二氧化硅层中.     

Porous carbons

Carbon in dense as well as porous solid form is used in a variety of applications. Activated porous carbons are made through pyrolysis and activation of carbonaceous natural as well as synthetic precursors. Pyrolysed woods replicate the structure of original wood but as such possess very low surface areas and poor adsorption capacities. On activation, these exhibit increased adsorption volumes of 0.5-0.8 cm³/gm and surface areas of 700–1800 m²/gm depending on activation conditions, whether physical or chemical. Former carbons possess mixed pore size distribution while chemically activated carbons predominantly possess micropores. Thus, these carbons can be used for adsorption of wide distributions of molecules from gas to liquid. The molecular adsorption within the pores is due to single layer or multilayer molecule deposition at the pore walls and hence results in different types of adsorption isotherm. On the other hand, activated carbon fibres with controlled microporous structure and surface area in the range of 2500 m²/gm can be developed by controlled pyrolysis and physical activation of amorphous carbon fibres. Active carbon fibres with unmatchable pore structure and surface characteristics are present and futuristic porous materials for a number of applications from pollution control to energy storage.     

Molecularly Imprinted Porous Aromatic Frameworks Serving as Porous Artificial Enzymes

Artificially designed enzymes are in demand as ideal catalysts for industrial production but their dense structure conceals most of their functional fragments, thus detracting from performance. Here, molecularly imprinted porous aromatic frameworks (MIPAFs) which are exploited to incorporate full host–guest interactions of porous materials within the artificial enzymes are presented. By decorating a porous skeleton with molecularly imprinted complexes, it is demonstrated that MIPAFs are porous artificial enzymes possessing excellent kinetics for guest molecules. In addition, due to the abundance of accessible sites, MIPAFs can perform a wide range of sequential processes such as substrate hydrolysis and product transport. Through its two functional sites in tandem, the MIPAF subsequently manifests both hydrolysis and transport behaviors. Advantageously, the obtained catalytic rate is ≈58 times higher than that of all other conventional artificial enzymes and even surpasses by 14 times the rate for natural organophosphorus hydrolase (Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 27551).     

Porous polytetrafluoroethylene film

The properties of porous films obtained by sintering a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder deposited onto a substrate were studied. The PTFE film porosity was controlled within 50–60% and the maximum pore size was 1–3 μm. The breaking stress of the films reached ～6 MPa at a 100% relative elongation. The influence of the particle size distribution function of the initial PTFE powder on the mechanical properties of sintered films is analyzed.     

Porous inorganic materials

The field of porous, inorganic materials is experiencing explosive growth, as is shown by more than 6000 literature citations since 1994 along with numerous recent symposia and workshops that have been devoted to this topic. Much of the recent interest has been fueled by new synthetic strategies, such as ‘supramolecular templating’, that have enabled precise engineering of pore size, shape, and connectivity on the mesoscopic scale. In general, template-based approaches involving the cooperative organization of organic—inorganic assemblies as intermediates are emerging as a promising conceptual basis for future developments in the field of porous inorganic materials, such as the synthesis of hierarchical morphologies that mimic the intricate structures found so often in nature.