瞬态熔融理论在单螺杆挤出机中研究进展

总结了瞬态熔融理论的发展历程,并对比了其与螺杆挤出行业中的强制熔体移走的熔融理论。总结了瞬态熔融理论应用于单螺杆挤出机的相关熔融理论的研究,指出将瞬态熔融理论与沟槽机筒和分离型螺杆结合,理论上可提高单螺杆挤出机熔融能力的提升,从而匹配沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机的高固体输送效率,提升单螺杆挤出机的产量和制品质量。     

螺旋沟槽单螺杆挤出机双螺棱推动理论模型的研究

通过在单螺杆挤出机固体输送段机筒内壁开设螺旋沟槽,建立了将机筒与螺杆视为一个对物料协同作用的整体的新型物理模型——弧板模型;同时将嵌入机筒沟槽与螺杆螺槽中的物料视为固体塞,提出了新型"双螺棱推动理论",弥补了单螺杆挤出机不能实现正位移输送的传统理论缺陷;最后,通过理论分析确定了螺旋沟槽挤出机由摩擦拖曳输送向正位移输送转换的边界条件方程及正位移输送下沟槽结构参数的设计准则。     

开槽机简单螺杆挤出机的对比研究

针对轴向直槽机筒单螺杆挤出机和螺旋沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机的结构、固体输送机理和优缺点进行了对比分析,并对其比产量和比能耗进行了对比实验研究.结果表明,通过正确的沟槽结构设计,可实现螺旋沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机固体输送段的正位移输送,螺旋沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机在比产量、比能耗等挤出性能指标方面均优于轴向直槽机筒单螺杆挤出机.     

单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体段产量的实验研究

在自制的测试仪上对单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体输送段的产量进行了实验研究,探讨了沟槽衬套、螺杆的结构参数,物料粒径大小及螺杆转速对单螺杆挤出机固体输送段产量的影响,同时将螺旋沟槽单螺杆挤出机与IKV挤出机固体输送段的产量进行了对比。实验研究表明：粒径越小,螺旋衬套沟槽越宽,固体输送段产量越高;螺杆螺距变化对挤出机固体输送段产量的影响很小;IKV直槽挤出机固体输送段的产量明显小于螺旋沟槽衬套挤出机的固体输送产量,而且随着转速的增加,趋势越明显。     

单螺杆挤出机固体输送段摩擦系数的研究与探讨

针对单螺杆挤出机固体输送段，介绍了当今固体输送理论的研究热点之一——摩擦系数的研究，对其进行了理论分析，并分析了影响摩擦系数的各种因素，如摩擦次数、温度、法向力及表面相对速度等。     

单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体段压力的实验研究

在自制的压力测试仪上对单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体输送段的压力进行了实验研究,探讨了螺杆转速,沟槽衬套、螺杆的主要结构参数以及物料的粒径大小对挤出机固体输送段压力的影响,同时将螺旋沟槽单螺杆挤出机与IKV挤出机固体输送段的建压能力做了对比.实验研究表明:螺杆转速、沟槽宽度对固体输送段压力影响较小;粒径越小,螺杆螺距越大,挤...     

聚乳酸用单螺杆挤出机熔体输送段数值模拟研究

运用Polyflow分别对聚乳酸(PLA)用3种不同结构类型单螺杆挤出机熔体输送段进行模拟,在流场分析的基础上,分析3种螺杆的混合性能。结果表明,在相同工艺条件下,普通型单螺杆和菠萝型单螺杆熔体轴向速度波动较大,且产生局部回流区域,不利于熔体的输送;菠萝型螺杆产生的流场速度和熔体黏度较高,使得物料在流场中受到更高的剪切速率,因此挤出产物的分散混合性能更好;挤出过程中,PLA熔体的黏度变化与流动速度变化存在一致性,随着流动速度逐渐增大,熔体受到的剪切作用逐渐增强,使黏度降低,流动性变好。     

单螺杆挤出固体输送段非塞流的三层模型法

依据单螺杆挤出机固体输送段的非塞流现象，把固体塞分成上、中、下三层，通过应力—速度方程，推导出产量与压力降的三次方程；详细讨论了摩擦系数对最大产量的影响，并深入地分析了单螺杆挤出机固体输送段产量与末端压力的关系，通过这些分析计算，三层模型法能很好地预示单螺杆挤出机固体输送段的压力与产量，该方法不仅简单明晰而且精度高，是一个可使用的方法     

锥形单螺杆挤出机产量模型分析

锥形螺杆挤出机容易加料,轴向具有压缩效应,可加工粉体或热敏性材料。参考普通单螺杆挤出机经典理论,建立了考虑锥度影响的固体和熔体产量模型及压缩段的熔融模型。分析模型发现,比普通平直螺杆挤出机,固体输送率和熔体输送率有所增加;熔融段长度减小;挤出段产量有波动。     

IKV挤出机新型固体输送理论研究

从弧板物理模型出发,提出一种新的固体输送理论—双螺棱推动理论(或称TGL理论),其核心思想是避免固体塞发生周向剪切,实现单螺杆挤出机由拖曳输送向正位移输送转化。通过对IKV单螺杆挤出机固体塞的运动分析和受力分析可知,螺杆螺棱与加料套螺棱推进面的推动力是固体塞前进的原因,无论是固体塞与机筒表面的摩擦力,还是固体塞与螺杆表面的摩擦力,均是固体塞前进的阻力。通过判定系数k可求解避免固体塞发生周向剪切的边界条件。     

A Computer Model for Single-Screw Plasticating Extrusion

A fully predictive computer model has been developed for a single-screw plasticating extrusion (with conventional screws). The model takes into account five zones of the extruder (hopper, solids conveying, delay zone, melting zone, melt conveying) and the die, and describes an operation of the extruder-die system, making it possible to predict a mass flow rate of the polymer, pressure and temperature profiles along the screw channel and in the die, solid bed profile, and power consumption. Moreover, mixing degree, temperature fluctuation and viscoelastic properties of the polymer are estimated. The simulation parameters are the material and rheological properties of the polymer, the screw, hopper and die geometry, and the operating conditions (screw speed and barrel temperature profile). Such a comprehensive approach to the modeling of extrusion creates the possibility of optimizing the process, for example, from the point of view of the quality of extrusion. The model has been verified experimentally for a low-density polyethylene on a 45 mm diameter single-screw extruder.     

Numerical simulation of a single-screw plasticating extruder

A fully-predictive steady-state computer model has been developed for a single-screw plasticating extruder. Included in the model are a model for solids flow in the feed hopper; a variation of the Darnell and Mol model for the solids conveying zone; a variation of Tadmor's melting model for the melting zone; an implicit finite difference solution of the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations for the melt-conveying zone of the extruder and die; and a predictive correlation for the extrudate swell at the die exit. A temperature- and shear-rate-dependent viscosity equation is used to describe the melt-flow behavior in the model. The parameters in the viscosity equation are obtained by applying regression analysis to Instron capillary rheometer data. Given the material and rheological properties of the polymer, the screw geometry and dimensions, and the extruder operating conditions, the following are predicted: flow rate of the polymer, pressure and temperature profiles along the extruder screw channel and in the die, and extrudate swell at the die exit. The predictions have been confirmed with experimental results from a 11/2 in. (38 mm) diameter, 24:1 L/D single-screw extruder with a 3/16 in. (4.76 mm) diameter cylindrical red die. High- and low-density polyethylene resins were used.     

振动力场作用下的单螺杆挤出机固体输送理论

在单螺杆挤出机中,通过螺杆的轴向振动将振动力场引入聚合物固体输送过程,提出振动力场强化固体输送过程的新概念.以螺槽中运动的物料为对象建立了振动力场强化固体输送过程的数学模型,并获得了物料沿螺槽方向输送的压力（密度）、速度的近似解析解.传统固体输送过程就是当螺杆轴向振动的振幅为零时的特例,此时的压力降与Darnell and Mol 理论一致,但不同的是物料速度及密度沿螺槽方向是变化的,从而修正了Darnell and Mol 固体输送理论.螺杆的轴向振动提高了固体输送平均压力,缩短了固体输送的长度,增加了固体输送角.透明料筒全程可视化实验挤出机证明了螺杆轴向振动确实缩短了物料固体压实输送所需的螺槽长度.     

Lattice Boltzmann simulation of power-law fluid flow in the mixing section of a single-screw extruder

The single-screw extruder is commonly used in polymer processing where the performance of the mixing section is significant in determining the quality of the final product. It is therefore of great interest to simulate the flow field in a single-screw extruder. In this paper simulations of non-Newtonian fluids in a single-screw extruder are performed using the lattice Boltzmann model.     

Coefficients of dynamic friction for low density polyethylene

The coefficient of dynamic friction is often the controlling factor for solids conveying, pressure generation, and thermal decomposition of a resin in the feed section of a single-screw plasticating extruder. The coefficients of friction are, however, very poorly understood, and the interpretation of the measurements are complicated by the dissipation of frictional energy at the sliding interface. A new instrument was recently built to help understand dynamic friction, and a numerical technique was developed to estimate the interface temperature. The coefficients of dynamic friction for a low-density polyethylene resin are presented in this paper as a function of the surface temperature, pressure, and velocity.     

基于叶片挤出机加工的PP/PS共混体系相形态研究

应用最新研制的叶片挤出机,研究了PP/PS共混体系经叶片挤出机挤出的相形态演变过程,在此基础上对比分析了叶片挤出机和单螺杆挤出机加工PP/PS共混体系的最终相形态,以及挤出转速对PP/PS共混体系分散混合效果的影响。结果表明,和单螺杆挤出机相比,经叶片挤出机加工的共混物的分散相粒径更小、更均匀,且受共混体系组分的影响更小。叶片挤出机的转速,会影响PP/PS共混体系的分散混合效果。在本实验中,加工转速为60 r/min时,PP/PS(70/30)共混体系的分散相粒径平均尺寸达到最小,约为0.65μm,且分散最均匀。     

Studies on the theory of single screw plasticating extrusion. Part I: A new experimental method for extrusion

An extruder specially designed for the study of the single-screw plasticating extrusion process was constructed. Its barrel is equipped with glass windows which are located on both sides of it so that the full process of plasticating extrusion, solid conveying, melting, and melt conveying, can be clearly observed and recorded with photos and video recordings through the transparent windows. The solid profile X/W, the velocity of the solid bed V_sz, the forming positions of the upper melt film and the melt pool, and the position at which the break-up of solid bed occurs, was easily determined with good accuracy. Many dynamic characters of the plasticating extrusion, such as the non-plug solid conveying, the process of the break-up of the solid bed and the disappearance of the, broken pieces of solid, were also observed in the experiments.     

Experimental deep-channel velocity profiles and operating characteristics for a single-screw extruder

Data have been obtained on the operation of a deep-channel single-screw extruder, pumping a Newtonian liquid under isothermal, developed flow conditions. Flow rate, screw speed, and pressure gradient characteristics were measured, and a tracer particle technique was employed to determine channel velocity profiles. The data were required for the testing and development of a computer model for flow in the extruder, which takes into consideration channel curvature. Results confirm the correctness of the computer solutions previously reported.