两种试验机试验结果之间的模糊相关性初探

金属材料磨损性能在不同试验机上得到的试验结果之间具有相关性。将从简易环－块磨损试验机上得到的材料承载能力值ＰＪ和试块控伤时的磨痕宽度ｂ作为因子，利用加权平均型的模糊综合评判方法，可以预测该材料在Ｔｉｍｋｅｎ试验机上要测的承载能力值（对象）的大致范围；从而可以大大提高Ｔｉｍｋｅｎ试验的速度，实现有效地联合利用两种试验机以金属材料的磨损性能进行评判。     

碳素钢在边界润滑状态下摩擦磨损性能的试验研究

在ＭＨＫ－５０型Ｔｉｍｋｅｎ摩擦磨损试验机上对碳素钢在边界润滑状态下的摩擦磨损性能进行了试验研究,分析了其摩擦磨损性能与载荷、滑动速度、硬度及硬度差等之间的相互关系以及Ｐ＾＊（极限载荷）与Ｖ＾＊（极限滑动速度）之间的相互关系。     

含碳量及硫化处理对铁基粉末冶金材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

在HDM-10型端面摩擦磨损试验机上分别进行恒定载荷与变动载荷摩擦磨损试验，考察了含碳量及硫化处理对铁基粉末冶金材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：铁基粉末冶金材料中碳的质量分数选择0．6％～0．8％为宜，其组织为珠光体加少量铁素体。综合摩擦学性能最佳；硫化处理后，材料摩擦学性能获得改善，承载能力明显提高。     

屏蔽泵石墨轴承材料的强度和耐磨性研究

对屏蔽泵的石墨轴承材料的强度、磨损性和摩擦系数进行了实验研究。在DWD-3020电子万能试验机上对普通石墨和浸润树脂石墨材料的弹性模量进行了测定，同时确定了材料的拉伸和压缩强度极限。在Falex摩擦磨损机上对材料进行了磨损试验，得到了转速和载荷对这两种材料磨损的影响，并利用CSM950扫描电子显微镜对其摩擦表面作了形貌分析。     

SPF复合自润滑材料摩擦磨损性能的研究

介绍了一种新型的ＳＰＦ复合自润滑材料，试验结果表明，该材料具有优良的摩擦磨损性能和高的承载能力。某些性能优于ＤＵ材料，尤其在高温条件下，仍能保持较好的耐磨性和较长的使用寿命，对其减磨机理也作了探讨。     

钢在磁场环境中的摩擦磨损行为

以45#钢为研究对象,在自制的销-环式摩擦磨损试验机上对其在磁场条件下的摩擦磨损性能进行研究。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对磨损表面形貌进行表征。试验结果表明:施加磁场后,试样的摩擦因数和磨损率均显著降低;磨屑在接触表面的堆积及氧化是磁场改善钢铁材料摩擦磨损性能的主要原因。     

羟基硅酸铝润滑油添加剂对钢/铸铁摩擦副磨损性能的影响

采用球盘试验和销盘试验相结合的方法,研究了钢/铸铁摩擦副在不同油润滑条件下磨损性能的变化,考察了不同含量羟基硅酸铝添加剂的作用效果,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪以及纳米压痕仪对试验样品进行了分析测试。结果表明,该金属陶瓷添加剂表现出显著的抗磨性能,提高了钢/铸铁摩擦副承载能力和使用寿命;随着添加剂含量的增加,抗磨作用更加明显,负磨损现象开始出现;该添加剂可以抑制凹坑和裂纹的扩展,从而使摩擦表面形貌得到改善,并通过改变摩擦表面层的结构使摩擦副的磨损性能得到显著提高。     

石油钻机盘式刹车副材料及其筛选的试验研究

开发性能优良的盘式刹车副摩擦材料是石油钻机盘式刹车技术中的一项材料分别和2种刹车块材料对偶进行摩擦学特性试验,并对各刹车副的摩擦系数及其稳定系数和波动系数以及磨损率进行了分析.试验表明,B堆焊材料的摩擦磨损性能总体优于A堆焊材料,K2刹车块材料具有较好的摩擦学特性.刹车副P20,B/K2和P35,B/K2的摩擦磨损性能明显优于其它各刹车副材料,可作为初步优选的刹车副材料.     

表面织构化喷涂涂层摩擦学性能的模糊综合评判

运用等离子喷涂技术制备涂层,在涂层上采用激光表面微造型技术制备各种不同形貌的表面织构。对涂层进行不同温度、不同表面织构、不同润滑剂含量下摩擦磨损性能试验,然后运用模糊综合评判法建立涂层评价指标集,并采用三角模糊数矩阵确定各个指标权重,建立涂层性能模糊评价模型,对等离子喷涂涂层各个影响因素进行综合评判。结果表明：该方法获得的最佳涂层与基于BP神经网络得到的结果一致,它为评定涂层优异性能提供一种直观的量化方案。     

枢轴—宝石轴承摩擦副磨损性能试验研究

根据枢轴—宝石轴承摩擦副的结构和材料特点,专门设计建立了磨损性能试验装置,利用试验装置分别从滑动速度、表面硬度、载荷和润滑油添加剂4个方面采用单因素影响试验法,从耐磨性能和减磨性能2个方面对枢轴—宝石轴承摩擦副的磨损性能进行了研究,以摩擦系数和磨斑直径作为评判依据。根据试验结果确定了影响枢轴—宝石轴承摩擦副摩擦磨损最为严重的滑动速度,由此研究获得了其耐磨损性能设计参数,延长了使用寿命。     

Industrial gear oil — a study of the interaction of antiwear and extreme-pressure additives

The load-carrying capacity of a base oil containing antiwear and extreme-pressure additives, sulphurized olefin (SO), dibutyl phosphite (DBP) and a thiophosphate-amine complex (SPN) was evaluated using a Timken Tester. The roughness and chemical composition of the rubbing surfaces were measured at different sliding times. A static oil immersion test of oil and steel block was carried out and the bonding strength of the protective film formed in the oil immersion test was investigated using a scratch tester. Results indicate that even with a very small amount of DBP blending with SO, a much higher Timken OK load could be obtained. The rubbing surface roughness of SO combined with DBP was much smoother than that of the SO or DBP oil alone. The scratch test of the block after immersion in the lubricant in static showed that with the combination of SO with DBP, a high-strength protective film on the steel block could be produced.     

Synthetic aluminium complex grease: A tribological evaluation using a four‐ball test

This paper describes the preparation and performance evaluation of a synthetic aluminium complex grease. The aluminium complex grease was prepared in situ by reacting stearic acid and benzoic acid in the presence of a synthetic base oil, polyalphaolefin. The preparation of the soap (aluminium benzoate stearate hydroxide) was monitored using Fourier transform infrared. Two different extreme‐pressure additives blended with the prepared aluminium complex grease were evaluated for their extreme‐pressure activity in four‐ball and Timken tests. These greases exhibited higher Timken OK loads (60 lb), lower values of wear‐scar diameter at higher loads, and higher values of weld load in the four‐ball test than the aluminium complex grease without additive. The blended greases were also found to pass rust and corrosion, oxidation‐stability, and shear‐stability tests. The topography of the specimens after four‐ball testing was studied with scanning electron microscopy.     

滑动摩擦副抗咬死性能的试验研究

咬死是高速,重载滑动摩擦副常见的失效形式之一。在ＭＨＫ－５００型块磨损试验机上对４５＾＃淬火,４５＾＃调质,ＧＣｒ１５,ＺＱＡＬ９－４材质组成的滑动摩擦副进行了抗咬死性能试验研究。试验结果表明;构成摩擦副材料的粗糙度,相对滑动速度,不同材质摩擦副对摩擦副抗咬死能力有一定的影响,改变摩擦副材质性能提高摩擦副抗咬死能力;     

Laser microprecision treatment to raise EHD lubrication effects

Laser microprecision treatment of the surfaces of mechanical parts takes place after machining, where the surfaces of mechanical parts, especially highly-loaded (counterformal) parts (e.g. gears, rolling bearing and cams with point or line contact) are re-treated microprecisely by laser to produce an asperity texture with transverse orientation. This man-made surface topography is favourable to EHD lubrication of parts in relative motion and greatly increases the load capacity of such parts. Timken tests of rings whose surfaces were treated microprecisely by laser demonstrate its ability to raise the Timken OK loads (or anti-scuffing capacity).     

Synthetic polyurea extreme‐pressure greases

This paper describes the preparation of synthetic polyurea greases and evaluates their performance. The polyurea greases were prepared in situ by reacting diisocyanate with monoamines and ethylene diamine in the presence of a synthetic base oil (polyalphaolefin). Two different extreme‐pressure (EP) additives blended with the prepared polyurea greases were evaluated for their EP activity in four‐ball and Timken tests. The additivated greases gave higher loads, and higher values of weld load in the four‐ball test as compared to the polyurea grease without additive. The blended greases were also found to pass rust, corrosion, oxidative stability, and shear stability tests. The topography of the wear‐scar surfaces was investigated using scanning electron microscopy.     

A study of the frictional behavior of sulfur-phosphorus type industrial gear oils using the Timken test

The load-carrying and wear-reducing properties of sulfur-phosphorus (SP) type industrial gear oils were examined using the Timken tester. Coefficient of friction measurements and topographical observations were carried out. The coefficient of friction was affected by the types of additive. The “OK” load of SP type oils depended on their ability to reduce the running-in period and to reduce wear. The addition of polar compounds, such as oleic acid and benzotriazole, affected the OK load and the frictional characteristics of SP type oils.     

有机硼酸酯添加剂对摩擦副抗咬死性能影响研究

通过对稀土金属硼系列有机硼酸酯（Ｃ９Ｈ２１ＢＯ３）添加剂的润滑性能抗咬死性能试验研究,发现有机硼酸酯添加剂能显著改善滑动摩擦副的抗咬死性能及润滑油的润滑性能,通过分析磨斑表面Ｘ射线衍射图谱（ＸＰＳ）,发现该种添加剂作用下,摩擦副表面形成了聚合物膜,使得摩擦力减小了,随着载荷的增大,添加剂在摩擦热产生的高温作用下,部分原子如Ｃ、Ｂ同表面金属发生化学反应,生成了ＦｅＣ,Ｂ２Ｏ３,Ｈ３ＢＯ３等物质。结合     

润滑油对滑动摩擦副咬死性能的影响

在ＭＨＫ－５００型环块磨损试验机上对Ｎ４６＃机械油在不同供同温度下由４５＃淬火试环、试块组成的滑动摩擦副进行了抗咬死性能试验研究。试验结果表明：供油温度对摩擦副的抗咬死性能有较大的影响，在一定的范围内提高润滑油的供油温度有利于提高摩擦副的抗咬死能力。试验还发现：随着润滑油中磨粒的增多，摩擦副咬死极限载荷逐渐下降，且摩擦副失效后表面温度表现出不确定性。润滑同中磨粒状况对摩擦副咬死影响不可忽视。对摩擦     

Influence of a low temperature sulphurizing process on lubricants in standard ep and fzg tests

The influence of the Sulf BT process, an anodic sulphurizing process, on the performance of a non-EP turbine oil and an EP gear oil has been tested. Both standard EP (four-ball, Timken and Falex) and gear-simulating (FZG) tests, were used on plain and sulphurized specimens. EP tests showed increased performance for the sulphurized specimens: the most remarkable result was noted in the four-ball and Timken tests, where the turbine oil attained a performance typical of commercial EP lubricants. FZG tests, however, showed no improvement, the sulphide film being progressively worn away during the tests and thereby having no influence on the results. The disagreement between EP and FZG determinations points to the fact that predictions from measurements of load-carrying capacity on the commonly used laboratory devices may not agree at all with behaviour on machines more closely simulating actual service.