粉煤灰微珠-Ag复合颗粒的制备工艺和分析

采用化学镀的方法,以银氨溶液为镀液,甲醛为还原剂,按照一定的工艺过程对粉煤灰微珠进行表面镀银处理,得到了粉煤灰微珠-Ag复合颗粒。同时借助激光粒径分析仪、X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪等检测设备对复合颗粒的粒径分布、化学成分、镀层表面形貌和结构进行了分析。对复合微珠进行保温隔热性能测试,掺镀银微珠的涂料比原微珠的涂料温度低约4℃。结果表明,按照设定的工艺过程,可以成功制备出具有保温隔热低辐射功能的粉煤灰微珠-Ag复合颗粒,作为一种功能性骨料有望用于建筑物外围护结构表面的砂浆或涂料中以降低对远红外热的辐射能力。     

粉煤灰微珠轻质隔热砖的研究与生产

由冶金部建筑研究总院研究的粉煤灰微珠轻质隔热砖,主要用于炉窑等热工设备的保温隔热层,最高使用温度为1100℃,其中0.8级隔热砖应用较广,由于其性能好、成本低,具有广阔的应用前景。隔热砖中粉煤灰微珠占70％。此项研究在国内首次采用空心微珠为主要原料,另加软质粘土、高铝矾土熟料和结合剂,经成型、干燥和高温烧结,制作体密为0.8级轻质隔热砖。其主要技术指标:体积密度不大于0.8t/m~3;常温耐压强度大于4.0MPa;     

粉煤灰装饰砖的研制

近期, 我们研制成功一种集装饰材料技术、粉煤灰技术于一体的粉煤灰装饰砖, 现介绍如下.1 主要原料粉煤灰干湿排灰均可, 湿灰使用前须除去杂草、泥块, 烧失量<15%, SO3<3%, SiO2+Al2O3>70%.漂珠干湿漂珠均可. 含珠率>90%, 空心微珠率>80%, 常温导热系数<0.09, 烧失量<10%. 漂珠主要用于生产轻质保温隔热装饰砖.水泥普硅水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥、高铝水泥、铁铝酸盐水泥均可, 应未结块, 安定性良好.外加剂如仿石剂、仿木剂、防滑剂、增色剂等.颜料市售氧化铁系颜料和有机颜料复配而成.     

粉煤灰空心微珠性能的测试研究

从粉煤灰中提取了空心微珠（HGB），并按粒度进行了分类。对不同尺寸的空心微珠的密度、壁厚及pH值等物理性能进行了测量；实验结果表明：75－100μm的空心微珠密度最大、微珠的壁厚与粒径比值最大、抗压强度最高。选取这一粒度范围的空心微珠制备了涂料。对其进行隔热性能研究,证明具有良好的隔热效果，说明这一粒度范围空心微珠适合用作隔热材料的填料。     

日本用粉煤灰生产轻质建筑防火材料

日本用粉煤灰生产轻质建筑防火材料日本开发的一种粉煤灰空心微珠轻质建筑防火材料是把２０％的聚氨酯和８０％的粉煤灰空心微珠，经混合搅拌和成型等工艺而制成。该材料抗折强度为６．３ｍＰａ，容重为５２４ｋｇ／ｍ３，具有轻质、高强以及防火隔热等优良性能。产品主要...     

粉煤灰空心微珠及超细微粉分选装置

把粉煤灰放在显微镜下观察,部分粉煤灰为一颗颗大小不等、晶莹、有光泽、银白色、珍珠状球形颗粒,光彩夺目,我们称之为“空心微珠”。粉煤灰空心微珠具有颗粒细小、形圆、中空、质轻、耐高温、绝缘、阻燃、保温、隔热、耐磨及抗压强度高等许多宝贵特点,是一种应用十分广泛的多功能新型材料。但是,要实现其使用价值,首先要使之从粉煤灰中分离出来。经检索得知,现有粉煤灰空心微珠分选装置处理粉煤灰的能力都较低。如美国专利（4115256）介绍的分选装置,日处理量为15t,除尾灰外能分二级,分选的空心微珠分级精度差以及效率低等阻碍和…     

高温发泡法制备粉煤灰隔热耐火砖

以高铝粉煤灰为主要原料,高碳铬铁合金渣为辅助原料,采用高温发泡法制备出一种新型粉煤灰隔热耐火砖,并系统研究了助熔剂掺量、辅助原料掺量以及发泡剂种类等对隔热耐火砖性能的影响.结果表明:借助于高温发泡法,所制备出的隔热耐火砖,其体积密度≤500kg·m-3、常温抗压强度≥6MPa、1250℃下加热永久线变化≤2％,是一种轻质高强且低导热的隔热耐火材料.     

煤粉炉粉煤灰与循环流化床粉煤灰矿物学性质比较

为了提高粉煤灰的利用率,通过化学成分分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)分析和核磁共振分析,对煤粉炉和流化床2种粉煤灰的形貌、物相组成和活性进行了表征,研究了2种粉煤灰矿物学性质的差别。试验结果表明:2种粉煤灰在形貌和物相上存在较大的区别。形貌上,煤粉炉粉煤灰中存在大量的玻璃微珠,而流化床粉煤灰由于成灰温度低不存在玻璃微珠;物相上,煤粉炉粉煤灰中存在较大量的结晶类矿物,而流化床粉煤灰多为非晶玻璃态物质。通过核磁共振分析发现煤粉炉粉煤灰中硅氧结构和铝氧结构的聚合度较高,不利于活性组分溶出。     

矿用新型隔热材料性能实验研究

矿用喷注浆隔热材料的研制对矿井热害防治具有重要意义.通过开展正交配比试验,研制了一种导热系数低、力学强度高的新型矿用隔热材料.该材料以普通硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰、砂子和玻化微珠为原料,其表观密度为1480 kg/m3、导热系数为0.15 W/(m·K)、抗压强度为11.7 MPa,是一种密度小、隔热好且承载强的矿用喷注型隔热材料,能满足矿用隔热降温需求.     

建筑保温隔热弹性乳胶漆的研制

保温隔热弹性乳胶漆是外墙外保温系统的配套材料，介绍了建筑外墙用保温隔热弹性乳胶漆的原材料、基本配方、制备工艺和施工方法，其功能性填料是用工业废渣粉煤灰漂珠代替价格昂贵的玻璃空心微珠，所研制的弹性乳胶漆干密度低、保温性能好，其漆膜能在遮蔽基层裂缝、防止装饰涂膜开裂、增强保温隔热效果、提高节能效率方面发挥重要作用。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。