煤沥青喹啉不溶物及其测定方法稳定性的研究

探讨了煤沥青喹啉不溶物的性能，并通过正交试验法对其测定方法的稳定性进行了研究。实验以国际GB／T2293－1997为基础，改变真空度、甲苯用量和温度等测试条件，考察其对实验结果的影响，确定了该测定方法的最佳条件。实验表明，真空度和甲苯用量对测试结果的稳定性影响较大，真空度0．060MPa、甲苯用量80mL时，可得到较稳定的实验结果。     

对煤沥青中喹啉不溶物分析方法的改进

针对在试验过程中发现煤沥青中喹啉不溶物分析结果偏高的现象,根据煤沥青中甲苯不溶物的测定原理,找到造成这种现象的原因,然后从不同的角度进行试验,最终摸索出一套分析煤沥青中喹啉不溶物含量的简单、经济、可行的方法。     

煤焦油和沥青中喹啉不溶物测定方法探讨

对比研究了由ISO、ASTM及我国国家标准和出口标准制订部门制定的测定喹啉不溶物含量方法的标准,分析了我国标准与ASTM和ISO标准的差距,并介绍了目前喹啉不溶物测定方法的研究现状,对我国标准尽快与国际标准接轨提出了意见和建议。     

混合溶剂法脱除煤沥青的喹啉不溶物

以中温煤沥青为原料,以洗油和石油烷烃组成的混合溶剂,通过溶剂离心法脱除其中的喹啉不溶物,考察了芳烷比、溶剂比、离心时间、离心温度对精制沥青的QI含量和收率的影响.结果表明:当芳烷比一定时,精制沥青QI和收率随溶剂比的增大而减小;当溶剂比一定时,精制沥青QI和收率均随芳烷比的增大而增加;离心时间越长,所得精制沥青QI越低,收率也越低;离心温度升高,有利于QI脱除,特别是80℃以上时,所得精制沥青QI显著降低,能满足要求;通过调整混合溶剂的比例,可以方便地控制净化过程的收率和QI含量.     

原生喹啉不溶物对沥青中间相转化及动力学影响

本文研究了煤焦油沥青中间相转化及动力学,测定了中间相转化动力学参数.结果表明,煤焦油沥青中间相转化属于一级动力学反应,在420～450℃之间其表观活化能在124.54～187.8KJ/mol范围.原生QI降低了中间相转化活化能,促进了中间相的成核,缩短了中间相转化特征时间区间.     

提高沥青中喹啉不溶物含量的研究

针对煤焦油和沥青中QI含量较低的情况,将来自针状焦项目的 QI残渣与原料焦油按一定比例混合,配制成调制油,采用这种调制油生产中温沥青和改质沥青,提高了产品的QI,显著提高了产品的一级品率。     

单溶剂萃取热过滤法脱除改质煤沥青的喹啉不溶物

以鞍钢改质沥青为原料,采用单溶剂萃取法过滤脱除原料沥青中的喹啉不溶物(QI),再用常压蒸馏去除溶剂,得到QI含量小于0.1%的净化沥青。考察了料液比、恒温时间和恒温温度对改质煤沥青QI净化效果的影响。结果表明,净化最佳工艺参数为料液比1∶1.5~1∶3,恒温时间1 h,恒温温度140℃。在最佳工艺条件下得到的净化沥青软化点为62℃,QI含量为0,TI含量为19.1%,结焦值为47.77%。采用红外光谱对净化沥青进行表征,结果表明,原料沥青经过萃取过滤后芳香烃类结构减少,脂肪烃类结构增加。该净化沥青QI较低,结焦残炭率较高,可作为制备浸渍剂沥青、煤基炭纤维等炭素材料的优质原料。     

煤焦油沥青中喹啉不溶物的分离

介绍了以煤焦油沥青为原料,采用焦化溶剂溶解、过滤和精馏等净化工艺,分离其中的喹啉不溶物。精制沥青的喹啉不溶物含量〈０．１０％,可作为优质电极浸渍沥青产品或作为生产针状焦的原料使用。     

提高喹啉不溶物测定的准确性

喹啉不溶物（QI）是沥青的重要质量指标,针状焦用精制沥青要求QI〈0．1％,而现有国标GBIT2293—2008允许误差〈0．8％,显然不适合针状焦。在精制沥青分析过程中,根据化合物的溶解度,用水溶液替代丙酮溶液,使QI测定结果更准确。     

测定低含量喹啉不溶物的试验方法

通过对比试验确定沥育低含量喹啉不溶物试验方法，确定了过滤用古氏坩埚的孔径范围及相应的型号，讨论了助滤剂对测试结果的影响及试验方法的测定原理，规定了测试条件及精密度。     

Experimental study of hydrophilic additives on filter cake permeability and filtrate losses

In the past few years, great emphasis has been placed on developing the water-based mud system in drilling operations because its properties are suitable for the environment and it is a better choice than oil- and synthetic-based muds. Despite research and development in this field, water-based muds still have filtration issues that lead to drilling problems, and attempts must be continued in this regard. Therefore, this work aims to reduce the filtrate loss of water-based mud by affecting the drilling cake and making the permeability as low as possible with enhanced properties that resist the filtration of the drilling fluid. Special care was taken to develop suitable mud rheological properties in terms of plastic viscosity, yield point, and gel strength compared to API standards. To this end, some hydrophilic materials were added to the mud, such as thinners (spersene and trisodium phosphate [TSP]) and some polymers (sodium silicate [SS] and poly acryl amide [PAA] (to compare with the basic mud. The results showed that using thinners and polymers without carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and baryte reduced filtrate loss and permeability by a small percentage. On the other hand, adding CMC and baryte to the four additives (spersene, TSP, SS, and PAA) each separately reduced the permeability by 66.1%, 67.7%, 74.1%, and 79%, and reduced filtrate loss by 50.1%, 51.4%, 55.3%, and 58.6%, respectively. It was concluded that adding PAA with CMC and baryte can effectively reduce filtrate losses due to its ability to provide a membrane of low permeability.     

Effect of the fibre diameter polydispersity on the permeability of nonwoven filter media

This paper studies the permeability values of air filter media obtained by 3-D simulations using the GeoDict® code. 3-D fibrous structures with different specific characteristics that can be encountered in air filtration (0.03 ≤ solid volume fraction [α] ≤ 0.25, monodisperse fibres [1 μm ≤ df ≤8 μm], or polydisperse fibres) were generated. For monodisperse fibres, the permeability values obtained were compared with various correlations identified in the literature. After confirming that Davies' or Jackson and James' relations allowed a good estimate of the permeability, it is shown that the modified Happel's correlation provides a better prediction. In the case of normal (standard deviation: σ ≤ 1.5) or lognormal fibre size distribution (geometric standard deviation: σ_G ≤ 2), this modified Happel's correlation, in which the fibre diameter is replaced by an equivalent fibre diameter, leads to a relative deviation of less than ±8% and ±4% for lognormal and normal fibre distributions, respectively. The comparison with experimental permeability values obtained on real media provides quite encouraging results.     

覆尘滤袋综合渗透率的分形求解

基于分形理论计算滤袋及滤饼构成的综合渗透率,描述其渗流特性。结合滤饼扫描电镜实验与图像处理技术分析滤饼孔隙结构;利用改进的毛细管模型近似模拟滤饼孔隙通道,根据流体动力学原理得到了滤饼渗透率的分形表达式,并由达西定律计算得覆尘滤袋综合渗透率,并用其对袋式除尘器流场压力分布进行数值模拟。结果表明,滤饼孔隙结构具有自相似特点。覆尘滤袋综合渗透率为(1.615~4.784)×10?12 m2,模拟所得的滤袋内外压差与实验结果的相对误差小于26%。覆尘滤袋综合渗透率计算方法合理,可较好地描述复合多孔介质的渗流特性。     

Filtration in coal liquefaction: preparation of filter aid from filter cake

In this study the preparation of filter aid from filter cake is considered. Two methods of preparation, carbonization at 550–600 °C and combustion at 800–1000 °C, are used and the optimum conditions determined. The performance of the products is assessed as both a precoat and body feed by comparison with a commercial grade of diatomite. It is shown that efficient filter aids, with performances comparable to that of diatomite, may be produced from filter cake.     

Vibration-enhanced compaction of filter cakes and its influence on filter cake cracking

Filter cake cracking is a common problem in cake filtration that can be avoided by compacting the filter cake prior to air-blowing. Here, we present a new method for compaction by applying vibration in the form of oscillatory shear. The shrinking and cracking behavior of the model material is analyzed by combining laser displacement measurements and image analysis. Then, the compaction results are presented and discussed regarding the process time and energy consumption. Finally, we show how compaction by oscillatory shear influences the cracking behavior of the filter cake. Significant reduction in cracking could be achieved.     

降低过滤机滤饼水分和细粒煤脱水浅析

根据对选煤厂细粒煤样的实验室优化脱水试验、工业试验及分析结果 ,对真空系统、气水分离器和分配头实施了技术改造 ,细粒煤脱水系统的运行状况得到显著改善 :圆盘真空过滤机滤饼水分降到 2 0 %左右 ,脱饼率在 95 %以上 ,每年的直接经济效益可达 30 0多万元     

二水法磷酸生产中滤饼板结的原因及对策

二水法磷酸生产中,萃取磷酸料浆中所含大量细小的、不稳定的半水石膏结晶在过滤洗涤时发生水合作用,它是导致滤饼板结的主要原因,并提出相应的防范措施.     

滤饼夹心现象的分析研究与处理

分析了压滤机过滤时滤饼存在夹心的原因 ,介绍了对该问题的处理措施。指出 :压滤机配套系统设计的合理与否对压滤机的过滤效果是有影响的     

全白土型催化裂化催化剂滤饼化学组成分析

探讨和建立了用X射线荧光光谱法测定全白土型催化裂化催化剂滤饼中Na₂O和RE₂O₃含量的方法，并对其准确度和重复性进行了考察。该分析方法准确度高，重复性好，能满足生产分析的要求。     

硅藻土-木桨纤维为助滤剂强化过滤过程的研究(英文)

In this paper, a study to enhance the filtration for solid/liquid materials difficult to be filtered, such as highly viscous, highly compactible or gel like materials, is presented. Filter aids diatomaceous earth and wood pulp cellulose are used to enhance the filtration by improving filter cake structure and properties in the filtration of a biological health product and a highly viscous chemical fiber polymer melt product. The property of solid/liquid systems, filtration at different flow rates, specific cake resistance, cake wetness, filtration rate, filtrate turbidity for filter aid selection and evaluation, and operation optimization are investigated. The results are successfully applied to industrial process, and can be used as a reference for similar filtration applications.