重大土木工程结构的智能检测与健康诊断

土木工程结构的智能检测与健康诊断系统是由传感元件和信号采集再经传输和处理以及健康诊断等部分组成的。本文对该系统引进的智能传感器、信息的融合以及对故障的诊断等影响工程结构的智能检测与诊断系统采取了探究和讨论。     

旋挖钻机液压故障智能诊断系统研究

在故障树分析法的基础上,以奥盛特OTR旋挖钻机动力头系统为例,分析了该系统的故障机理和失效模式,建立了故障树,并编写了故障诊断规则库,确定了优选搜索策略,建立了完整的液压故障智能诊断系统.该诊断系统使用简单方便,性能可靠稳定,人机交互友好,大大提高了旋挖钻机液压故障诊断自动化与智能化水平.     

振动检测系统在港口叉车故障诊断中的应用

根据港口用叉车的工作特点，研制开发了港口叉车故障振动检测与诊断系统，利用此系统对叉车进行了跟踪测试和分析，解决了实际生产中的一些问题。同时实现了对叉车的技术状态和性能的管理，达到了叉车故障诊断的目的。     

基于故障树的泵车在线诊断系统构建和应用

基于故障树理论构建了泵车在线诊断系统,对于不可检测事件,利用诊断重要度和平均检查时间计算综合排序参数,给出故障原因排查顺序;对于可检测事件,采用BDD理论计算故障传播路径,直接给出故障原因,提高现场故障排查效率。     

建筑电气故障自诊断系统研究与应用

为了能够更加及时、准确的发现故障,确保电气系统故障能够得到及时修复,应用故障自诊断理论,构建了基于多Agent的建筑电气故障自诊断系统,希望能够为建筑电气故障自诊断系统开发与应用提供一定的参考。     

一种基于神经网络的电梯故障诊断方法

针对电梯控制系统的安全性问题,提出了一种基于GCAQBP学习算法的神经网络模型,并将该模型应用于电梯故障诊断系统中。使用该方法对电梯的几种典型故障进行诊断分析。结果表明,该方法具有较好的实用效果。     

故障智能诊断与通信设备检修

首先介绍了用于通信设备故障智能诊断系统的总体框架,说明了各模块的功能及开发策略,然后介绍了该专家系统中知识的获取和表示方法,阐述了模糊推理与规则推理相结合的混合诊断推理方法。     

预维修诊断系统开发的关键技术

介绍预维修诊断系统研究现状,得出国内外预维修诊断系统开发的前提和两项关键技术——数据处理过程和诊断故障所在位置算法的选择;然后分别对这两项技术进行探讨,得到数据处理的方法与步骤,诊断故障位置算法的特性与发展趋势,结果表明,多种算法结合的准确率较高,并给出预维修诊断系统的开发实例以说明其关键技术的应用过程.     

工程机械电控变速器诊断系统的开发

为了获得工程机械电控变速器的运行参数和故障状态,对电控变速器实现快速诊断和测试,降低检修和维护的成本,开发了1套基于K线通信技术的诊断系统,主要包括3部分:变速器电控单元(ECU)、通信接口模块和诊断设备.该诊断系统通过PC机诊断平台或便携式诊断仪与变速器的电控单元(ECU)通信,实现故障诊断、更新控制参数和传输行车记录等功能.介绍了该系统的构成和硬件、软件设计及IS09141数据传输协议要求.该系统已经应用于多个系列的电控变速器上,应用结果表明,该系统性能可靠,可以提高变速器调试、检测和故障诊断的效率,降低维护成本.该系统具有一定的通用性和灵活性,具有广阔的市场前景.     

基于模糊数学的通井机故障诊断专家系统

针对通井机故障原因的复杂性与不确定性问题,综合运用模糊数学、专家系统等理论,引入模糊关系矩阵和隶属函数,将模糊数学理论与故障诊断专家系统诊断方法相结合,利用通井机工作状态参数进行推理来判断通井机故障原因,实现了故障征兆和故障原因之间的模糊关系表达,构建了正反向混合推理的模糊故障推理机,在此基础上完成了系统的总体结构设计,提出了基于模糊数学的通井机故障诊断专家系统。该系统的研究为处理通井机故障原因的复杂性与不确定性问题以及开发智能型通井机故障诊断系统提供了理论参考。     

暖通空调系统故障检测与诊断研究进展

介绍了暖通空调系统发生故障的原因及常见故障,比较了几种常用的故障检测与诊断方法的优缺点.介绍了国内外暖通空调故障检测与诊断的研究现状和应用情况.展望了发展方向.     

A critical review of fault modeling of HVAC systems in buildings

Buildings consumed about 40% of primary energy and 70% of the electricity in the U.S. It is well known that most buildings lose a portion of their desired and designed energy efficiency in the years after they are commissioned or recommissioned. Majority of the Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems have multiple faults residing in the systems causing either energy, thermal comfort, or indoor air quality penalties. There are hundreds of fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) algorithms available, but there is lacking a common framework to assess and validate those FDD algorithms. Fault modeling is one of the key components of such a framework. In general, fault modeling has two purposes: testing and assessment of FDD algorithms, and fault impacts analysis in terms of building energy consumption and occupants’ thermal comfort. It is expected that fault ranking from the fault impact analysis can facilitate building facility managers to make decisions. This paper provides a detailed review of current state-of-the-art for the fault modeling of HVAC systems in buildings, including fault model, fault occurrence probability, and fault simulation platform. Fault simulations considering fault occurrence probability can generate realistic faulty data across a variety of faulty operating conditions, and facilitate testing and assessment of different FDD algorithms. They can also help the fault impact study. Three research gaps are identified through this critical literature review: (1) The number of available fault models of HVAC systems is still limited. A fault model library could be developed to cover all common HVAC faults for both traditional and non-traditional HVAC systems. (2) It is imperative to include the fault occurrence probability in fault simulations for a realistic fault impacts analysis such as fault ranking. (3) Fault simulation platforms need further improvements to better facilitate the fault impact analysis.     

基于BAS的空调系统过程监测与故障诊断

提出了基于BAS的空调系统过程监测与故障诊断模式，阐述用主成分分析法进行故障诊断的过程，并用其进行空调系统的传感器故障诊断。结果表明，主成分分析法具有很好的故障检测、故障识别和故障重构能力，还表明，故障诊断与BAS相结合是可行的。     

A system-level fault detection and diagnosis strategy for HVAC systems involving sensor faults

This paper presents a strategy for fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of HVAC systems involving sensor faults at the system level. Two schemes are involved in the system-level FDD strategy, i.e. system FDD scheme and sensor fault detection, diagnosis and estimation (FDD&E) scheme. In the system FDD scheme, one or more performance indices (PIs) are introduced to indicate the performance status (normal or faulty) of each system. Regression models are used as the benchmarks to validate the PIs computed from the actual measurements. The reliability of the system FDD is affected by the health of sensor measurements. A method based on principal component analysis (PCA) is used to detect and diagnose the sensor bias and to correct the sensor bias prior to the use of the system FDD scheme. Two interaction analyses are conducted. One is the impact of system faults on sensor FDD&E. The other is the impact of corrected sensor faults on the system FDD. It is found that the sensor FDD&E method can work well in identifying biased sensors and recovering biases even if system faults coexist, and the system FDD method is effective in diagnosing the system-level faults using processed measurements by the sensor FDD&E.     

基于主成分分析法的空调系统传感器自动故障诊断

由于各种各样的故障,空调系统在整个建筑生命周期内其性能很少能够达到设计目标。为了改善空调系统的性能,在整个建筑生命周期内对其进行定期或连续检测是很必要的。随着空调系统的日益复杂化和对快速可靠检测的需求,人工检测已远远不能满足要求,这使自动检测成为了必须。目前国际上研究建筑空调系统自动检测的技术很热门,但较少考虑空调系统传感器的准确性。传感器读数准确性是空调系统可靠控制和检测的先决条件。本文提出了一种基于主成分分析法的鲁棒故障诊断策略,该策略可以有效地对空气处理单元中的传感器进行自动检测。结合建筑自动化系统,该诊断策略可以实现空调系统传感器故障的在线检测。     

如何在Internet上进行暖通空调信息检索

探索如何利用Internet进行暖通空调专业信息检索,指出了专业信息检索的基本途径,详细介绍了本专业相关网络信息资源,并提供一些有关暖通空调专业的网址信息。     

浅谈暖通室调企业的信息化问题

因特网的出现不仅带来了一种全新的信息传播和商业模式,更带来了一种观念上的冲击。我国暖通空调企业如何面临这一重大变迁及其带来的挑战,把握当代信息化的实质和客观规律,领导企业在信息社会中生存、竞争和发展,这是一个值得普遍关注的问题。本文介绍了暖通空调企业上网的好处和基本技术条件,以及企业上网的障碍和对策等,同时介绍了我国几个著名的暖通空调网站,希望本能对暖通空调企业经营管理者有所裨益。     

Overview of HVAC system simulation

The paper gives an overview of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system modeling and simulation. The categorization of tools for HVAC system design and analysis with respect to which problems they are meant to deal with is introduced. Each categorization is explained and example tools are given. Further, the paper summarizes current approaches used for modeling (i) HVAC components, (ii) HVAC control and (iii) HVAC systems in general. After giving an overview of solution techniques for HVAC system simulation, the paper provides suggestions on how one should select an HVAC modeling approach relative to the simulation objective at hand.