Thermodynamics and kinetics analysis of in-situ synthesizing AlN

AlN powders were prepared by in-situ synthesis technique. It is a reaction of binary molten Al-Mg alloys with highly pure nitrogen. It was confirmed through thermodynamics calculation that Mg element in Al-Mg alloys can decrease oxygen content in the reacting system. Thus, nitridation reaction can be performed to form AlN. Moreover, an analysis of kinetics shows that the nitridation reaction of Al-Mg alloys can be accelerated and transferred rapidly with the increment of Mg content.     

Mechanism of combustion synthesis of TiC-Ti cermet

In order to investigate the mechanism of combustion synthesis of TiC-Ti cermet, a mixture of Ti and C was used for a combustion front quenching test, and the microstructural evolution in the quenched sample was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）. Also, a temperature-time profile of the combustion reaction was measured. Based on the experimental results, a reaction-dissolution-precipitation mechanism of the combustion synthesis of TiC-Ti was proposed.     

Reaction dynamics in the combustion synthesis system of Al-CrO3-Al2O3-NaF-N2-O2

A new material with heat-resistant and adiabatic characteristics and high strength was prepared using the combustion synthesis method by mixed powders of CrO3, Al, Al2O3, and NaF in atmospheric gas. The reaction dynamic process of the Al-CrO3-NaF-Al2O3-N2-O2 new material system by the combustion synthesis method was discussed based on the observation results by SEM, EDS, and XRD in combination with the combustion front quenching method （CFQM） and the relation curves between reaction free enthalpies and the corresponding temperatures. The combustion synthesis mechanism and the formation reasons of the phase in the combustion product were analyzed.     

化学合成中平行反应动力学的研究

化学合成中很多反应都是平行反应，其中每一个反应并非是反应进行到底的不可逆反应，而是由反应速率常数不同的对峙反应簇组成，本文目的是探讨由对峙反应簇组合的平行反应动力学，通过数学分析，获得了相应的动力学方程，并找到了利用副产物再输入反应系统，以使反应物更多地转化为目的产物的理论依据，从而减少环境污染，节约能源与资源。     

乙醇均质压燃燃烧过程的化学动力学数值模拟

为了全面分析醇类燃料均质压燃的燃烧过程,利用乙醇高温反应化学动力学机理,建立了乙醇HCCI燃烧模型,利用该模型计算了燃烧过程中各组分的变化情况。得出了如下结果:H2O2和HO2在压缩过程中随着温度的升高逐渐累积,它们的峰值都在着火点附近。OH基和H基浓度在着火时刻瞬间达到最大值,并且OH基的浓度远远高于H基。燃料大量燃烧放热之后,H基浓度快速下降到很低的水平,OH基的浓度也降低到很低的水平,但是其变化速度比较慢,在上止点40℃A之后才趋于稳定值。     

塑料燃烧热重动力学与热动力学分析

利用热分析-质谱联用技术进行了塑料燃烧的实验研究,探讨了这类聚合物的燃烧机理,并采用热重动力学和热动力学解析方法定量分析了塑料燃烧的动力学参数.研究表明,塑料燃烧过程一步完成.塑料的DSC热动力学活化能参数分别对应3个温度区间的反应,活化能值都比较高,在300 kJ·mol-1以上,在反应的后期甚至达到842 kJ·mol-1.DTG动力学活化能只对应一个温度区间,活化能值为509 kJ·mol-1.DSC动力学参数与热重动力学参数差别很大,说明塑料燃烧时的热行为与质量变化行为差别很大.     

燃烧反应动力学机理简化的主成分分析法

湍流燃烧数值模拟中建立有效的反应动力学机理是非常重要.针对一维稳态层流预混火焰模型,分别采用主成分分析法和总敏感性分析法进行了反应机理的简化,结果表明,主成分分析法进行机理简化要优于总敏感性分析法,是一种有效的反应机理简化方法.     

The Process of TiB2-Cu Composite Phase and Structure Formation during Combustion Synthesis

The reaction process of combustion synthesis for TiB2 -Cu was investigated in detail using combustion-wave arresting experiment, X-ray diffraction （ XRD ） analysis, SEM analysis and differential thermal analysis （ DTA ）. The XRD analysis results for the different parts of the quenched specimen show that TiCux intermetallic phase firstly forms with the propagation of combustion wave, and then Ti1.87 B50 and Ti3B4 metastable phases come forth due to the diffusion of B atoms and finally the stable TiB2 phase forms because of the continuous diffusion of B atoms. The formation of TiB2 phase is uot completed by one step, but undergoes several transient processes. The process of reaction synthesis for Ti-B-Cu ternary system can be divided into three main stages： melting of Cu and Ti , and the formation of Cu- Ti melt and few TiCux , TiBx intermetallic phases ; large numbers of TiCux intermetallic phases formation and some fine TiB2 particles precipitation ; and the TiB2 particles coarsening and the stable TiB2 and Cu two phases formation in the final product.     

Preparation of porous silicon carbide by combustion synthesis

Porous silicon carbide ceramics were prepared by combustion synthesis technique. SiC/TiC composite was gained by combustion reaction of Si, C and Ti. Thermodynamics analysis of Si-C-Ti system indicates that the content of TiC in products should be larger than 30%. The experimental results show that the content of Ti C should be larger than 25% to achieve a complete combustion reaction. The X-ray diffractometry results show that the final products with a relative density of 45%-64% are composed of a-SiC,β-SiC, TiC and a small quantity of Si. The images of scanning electron microscopy show that the structures of grain in SiC based porous ceramics consist of particles with a few microns in size.     

Growth and microstructure of AlN whiskers and dendrites

AlN whiskers or dendrites were synthesized with a sublimation-recrytallization method by using Al,AlN powders and some additives as raw materials.Whiskers with different sizes that featured high purity and good crystallinity were obtained by controlling temperature and gas supersaturation in the reaction container,The whiskers were described as long and straight single crystals of approximately 1-30 um in diameter by the centimeter range in length.However,AlN dendrites were about 1mm in diameter by 0.5cm in length,and showed an obviously preferential growth orientation.i.e.,perpendicular to [211] and [1011] planes.It is concluded that the whiskers or dendrites grow via the vapor-solid mechanism.     

反应烧结制备AlN陶瓷的机理研究

以 Al、Al N粉为原料 ,采用反应烧结技术制备 Al N陶瓷。用 XRD、SEM和 TG/ DSC等手段分析了反应烧结过程 ,提出了反应烧结机理。 Al粉的氮化在不同温度范围受不同过程控制 ,为逐步氮化机制 ,Al的颗粒尺寸影响着氮化行为     

Fabrication and photoluminescence properties of hexagonal micro-pyramids ZnO powders by combustion synthesis

The ZnO powder with hexagonal-pyramids structure was prepared by the low-temperature combustion process. Ammonium acetate was used as the fuels, whereas zinc nitrate acted as the oxidant. The effect of different ration between fuel and oxidant on the morphology and photoluminescence (PL) characteristic was studied. The formation of hexagonal-pyramids structure was discussed. The optimum preparing parameter for fine morphology is that the ratio of zinc nitrate and ammonium acetate is 1:5, and ignition temperature is 500 ℃. The PL measurement indicates all samples have the strong blue and yellow emission peak. The changes of surface energy of the polar surfaces result in the formation of micro-pyramids structure.     

Kinetics of Combustion Synthesis in Ti-C-3Ni-Al System

The Kinetics and mechanisms of the combustion reaction in the Ti-C-3Ni-Al system were studied . Samples were prepared by igniting compacts of elemental Ti, C, Ni and Al powders with a heating tungsten coil under an inert argon atmosphere. The activation energies of Ti C 50wt% (3Ni Al)→ TiC 50% Ni3Al and Ti C 80wt% (3Ni Al)→TiC 80% Ni3 Al exothermic reactions were determined by measuring the combustion wane velocity and the combustion temperature, which are 129 kJ·mol-1 and 79 kJ · mol-1, respectively . The mechanism of formation of products for Ti- C-3Ni-Al system was found: metal phases (Ti-3 Ni-Al) are melted in combustion process, and carbon dissolves into the liquid metal and TiC is subsequently precipitated out of solution, and Ni3 Al is crystallized during the cooling process. The mechanism is fairly similar with that of Ti C→TiC and Ti C Ni→TiC Ni. There are two reactions ( Ti C→ TiC, 3 Ni Al→Ni3 Al) in the Ti C 3Ni, Al system, and the wave velocity is     

In situ fabrication and properties of AlN dispersion strengthened 2024 aluminum alloy

Nanoscaled aluminum nitride （AlN） dispersion strengthened 2024 aluminum alloy was fabricated using a novel approach in which Al-Mg-Cu compacts were partially nitrided in flowing nitrogen gas. The compacts were subsequently consolidated by sintering and hot extrusion. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the material were preliminarily investigated. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction results revealed that AlN particles were generated by the nitridation of Al-Mg-Cu compacts. The material exhibited excellent mechanical properties after hot extrusion and heat treatment. The ultimate tensile and yield strengths of the extruded samples containing 8.92vol% AlN with the T6 heat treatment were 675 and 573 MPa, respectively.     

Mierostrueture and Properties of A IN Coating/Graphite Fabrieated via In-situ Reaction

A novel method was used to fabricate AlN coating on graphite substrate. This approach included two steps： firstly, the emulsion composed of BN and anhydrous ethanol was sprayed on the surface of the graphite substrate; secondly, AlN coating was formed through the in-situ reaction of Al with the sprayed BN. The reaction was investigated by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis （TG-DTA）, and the phase composition in the synthetic process was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） was used to observe the morphology, and electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） was used to observe the distribution of the elements. The experimental results show that the AlN coating is dense and bonded with graphite tightly.     

污泥燃烧动力学特性的研究

在空气气氛下应用热重-质谱联用仪（TG-MS）研究污泥燃烧的动力学特性。结果表明,污泥热解失重过程可分为干燥、半挥发分析出、可降解挥发分析出、不可降解挥发分析出和焦炭燃尽5个阶段。通过对试验结果的计算得出了污泥燃烧各阶段的动力学参数。     

复合助剂对氮化铝陶瓷低温烧结的影响

为弄清添加剂对氮化铝陶瓷低温烧结性能的影响,采用4种复合添加剂Y2O3-CaF2,Y2O3-Dy2O3,Y2O3-CaC2和Y2O3-Li2O,在1 650 ℃热压烧结AlN陶瓷;通过电子显微镜测定并分析了AlN陶瓷的性能和微观结构.结果表明:添加该4种复合助剂在低温烧结的AlN陶瓷晶格氧含量均较低,样品热导率较高.尤其是添加Y2O3 和CaF2可获得热导率为192 W/(m*K)的AlN陶瓷样品.     

Numerical study of CNG engine combustion using CFD with detailed chemical kinetics

A three-dimensional model which considers the effects of turbulence and detailed chemical kinetics is built to simulate the combustion process of engine fueled by compressed nature gas(CNG).The model is accomplished by integrating CFD software-KIVA3V and chemical kinetic software-CHEMKINII.Meanwhile,a turbulence combustion model which is suitable for describing the reaction rate under the coupled simulation is developed to balance the effects of turbulence and detailed chemical kinetics.To reduce the comput...     

乙醇均质压燃燃烧的化学反应动力学模拟

应用0-D单区模型耦合乙醇氧化反应详细化学动力学机理,对乙醇均质压燃燃烧反应化学动力学进行了数值模拟研究。分析了乙醇氧化消耗的主要途径及乙醇的燃烧反应机理中的关键中间产物和重要的基元反应,并总结出了乙醇总体氧化流程。研究结果表明:在乙醇氧化消耗的主要途径中,C2H5OH+OH→产物占主导,单个基元反应中以R145 C2H5OH+OH=CH3CH2O+H2O为主,其次为R144 C2H5OH+OH=CH3CHOH+H2O。乙醇氧化经裂解反应、脱氢反应最终形成支链反应,乙氧基C2H5O的三种同分异构体在链分支中决定了链分支的进行方向。