2,6-二甲基萘的分离与提纯方法

介绍了10种二甲基萘异构体的物性特征，并对吸附法、共熔结晶法、高压结晶法、直接结晶法及乳化结晶法分离2，6－二甲基萘的技术进行了综述。     

泡沫镍生产中电镀液净化工艺研究

文章研究了泡沫镍生产中电镀液净化过程中温度、pH值、时间及活性炭用量对活性炭吸附有机物杂质的影响。实验结果表明：在最佳实验备件下，可以使电镀液中有机物杂质的脱除率达70％以上。     

膜分离-变压吸附联合工艺生产燃料电池氢气

将膜分离技术和变压吸附两种气体分离与净化技术相结合．充分发挥了两种工艺模式的优点．使得装置整体性能指标在稳定性、产品品质和氧气回收率上均有优异的表现,最终使得单位原料气的获利大幅挺高。另外,联合工艺具有广泛的适应性,能够灵活采用各种运行模式以适用于各种不同的气源。     

对氨基苯酚的分离精制

研究了对氨基苯酚(PAP)的萃取提纯技术,它适用于硝基苯催化加氢还原液的分离。研究了溶剂种类。pH值、温度、相比等因素对萃取过程的影响。对萃取使用过的溶剂采用精馏的方法进行回收,从而获得了适合于医药用的高纯度对氨基苯酚(PAP),其关键杂质4,4’-二氨基二苯醚含量低于10×10~(-6)。     

工业蒽中蒽、菲、咔唑的分离精制技术

按物理分离法、化学分离法与复合分离法3种类型,综述了蒽、菲和咔唑分离与精制技术的发展现状,分析了各种方法所具有的优势,同时指出了不足之处,对分离与精制技术的发展提出了指导性意见。     

葡萄球菌蛋白A的纯化新工艺

目的建立一种高效、简便、实用的分离纯化葡萄球菌蛋白A(SPA)的工艺。方法采用超声波破菌和IgG-Sepharose4B亲和层析分离纯化SPA;以Lowry法检测蛋白含量;双向琼脂免疫扩散法测定效价和特异性;用还原和非还原SDS-PAGE法检测纯度和相对分子质量。结果此法制得的3批SPA的蛋白含量分别为4·7、4·4和5·4mg/ml,收率分别为2·70、2·64和3·78g/100g湿菌。对人IgG的免疫双扩散效价均为1:64;与正常人、豚鼠、家兔和小鼠的血清反应均出现一条沉淀线,而与鸡和羊不出现沉淀线。经非还原SDS-PAGE检测只呈现一条蛋白带,相对分子质量约为160000～180000;经还原SDS-PAGE检测呈现两条蛋白带,相对分子质量分别约为67000和34000。结论已成功建立了分离纯化SPA的新工艺。     

Simple Gas Permeation and Pervaporation Membrane Unit Operation Models for Process Simulators

Mathematical model equations and their corresponding solution methods for membrane gas permeation and pervaporation were developed for direct use in process simulators, without the need for external, custom programming. The models are based on the solution‐diffusion mechanisms for species permeation through nonporous membranes. Cross‐flow and counter flow models using the logarithmic‐mean trans‐membrane partial pressure were used to simulate spiral wound and hollow fiber membrane configurations. The Chen approximation of the log‐mean partial is recommended for avoiding divergence in the iterative solution methods required to solve the non‐linear model equations. The models incorporate temperature, pressure, composition, mass flow, membrane area, and species permeance effects into the simulations. The models were designed for implementation in process simulators using intrinsic capabilities for calculating material and energy balances and predicting physical and thermodynamic properties. Examples are given using the process simulator HYSYS.     

Novel Single Stage Wash Sedimentator for Purification and Separation of Small Particles

The starting point for the development of a novel process for simultaneous washing and separation of fine particles was the task of removing accompanying impurities from a crystallized plant extract and separating the crystals in a purified form. For this purpose, an innovative technical concept was developed, fundamental aspects were investigated on a laboratory scale, and the process was successfully carried out on a pilot scale in a joint project. In principle, the new method is based on a static sedimentation apparatus with integrated countercurrent washing, which operates continuously and produces a purified solid concentrate.     

尿素生产中尿液的不稳定流动对尿素一分塔的影响

介绍了水溶液全循环法尿素生产系统中,一分塔的精馏段由泡罩塔盘改为规整填料后出现的一系列问题,针对尿液的不稳定流动造成一分塔规整填料严重腐蚀的原因,进行分析并提出整改和预防措施。     

氢气的分离与纯化技术的发展

本文在叙述了氢气的来源和传统的分离与纯化技术的基础上,论述了 PSA 法Prism 法、低温法、金属氢化物法等在氢气的分离与纯化方面的开发现状、工艺过程、分离原理及其发展前景。     

结晶分离技术在香料生产中的应用

为了提高香料产品的纯度 ,加强香料独特的香气和香味 ,作为一种高效率低能耗的分离提纯手段 ,结晶已被广泛用于香料的工业生产。本文综述了溶液结晶、熔融结晶、耦合结晶、反应结晶、升华结晶等分离提纯技术在香料生产中的应用情况 ,并对各种结晶技术的特点进行了讨论 ;最后阐述了香料结晶技术发展前景。     

Purification of caprolactam by means of an electrodeionization technique

In this study an experimental method for purification of a system containing a 30% caprolactam aqueous solution was attempted at room temperature. The impurities in the system were removed by using the continuous electrodeionization (EDI) device, which is an ion-exchange membrane stack with 40 diluting compartments filled with mixed ion-exchange resin beads. The optimal working parameters for this technology were obtained during a 5-month test. It was shown that the conductivity of the treated caprolactam solution was considerably lower (10 μS/cm) in comparison to the feed caprolactam solution (30 μS/cm). In addition the absorption value had decreased by 20%.     

Operation of an Industrial SMB Unit for p-xylene Separation Accounting for Adsorbent Ageing Problems

Abstract

The industrial separation of p-xylene was considered by means of a standard SMB (Simulated Moving Bed) system as well as the Varicol mode of operation. Both modes of operation were simulated accounting for adsorbent capacity decline using the TMB (True Moving Bed) approach in the case of standard SMB and by a TMB with a non-integer number of columns per section in the Varicol case. Additionally, the TMB model takes into account variable fluid velocity due to the adsorption/desorption rate of p-xylene and its isomers. Dynamic results were used to study the influence of the adsorbent capacity decline on the SMB unit performances and two different compensating measures were tested for a 10 years period: (i) switching time decrease (solid flowrate increase) and (ii) columns redistribution. Both strategies kept the initial purity requirements and reached higher productivity values than the respective unit working without any compensation measure. The switching time compensating strategy proved to be more efficient than the second one, achieving, for the same purity requirements, higher productivity values.     

Separation of oil contaminants by surfactant-aided foam fractionation

The separation of oily contaminants out of aqueous/non-aqueous phases using foam fractionation with a surfactant was investigated. In the separation of the light oil (hexadecane), the eluted amount of oil and the o/w (oil/water) ratio increased with the weight percentage of SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate); and the ratio actually remained the same above the CMC (critical micelle concentration) point (0.23 wt% of SDS). Most of the oil was eluted even at 49:1 initial o/w ratio with the surfactant. For the heavy oil (carbon tetrachloride), the eluted o/w ratio and the oil recovery had maxima at 0.05 and 0.1 wt% of SDS solution, respectively, even though the overall recovery of 20–30 % was much lower than that of 80–100 % in the light oil. It was speculated that emulsion formation might affect oil entrapment in the foams. Higher gas flow rates, in general, increased the oil recovery, but did not increase the o/w ratio in the effluents.     

假奓包叶氨基酸提取纯化工艺及其氨基酸组成分析

用响应面法考察假奓包叶氨基酸提取最佳工艺并确定其氨基酸组成,以氨基酸提取率为评价指标,通过单因素和响应面实验优化其工艺条件并进行氨基酸分析。在盐酸浓度6.1 mol/L,液料比〔即溶液用量(mL)与原料质量(g)的比值,下同〕21.6∶1,水解时间22.3 h,水解温度100℃条件下,氨基酸的提取率为11.21%。再经活性炭脱色、离子交换树脂纯化后得到假奓包叶氨基酸产品。氨基酸分析结果表明,假奓包叶氨基酸产品中总氨基酸质量分数为79.7%,其中必需氨基酸的质量分数达24%,可作为功能性食品或药品的营养添加剂应用。     

菲的提纯

以氯苯为溶剂,在不同温度下用５０％氢氧化钾溶液,活性白土,９０％的硫酸溶液处理工业菲,经冷却,结晶,获得纯度９８．４％－９９．２％的精菲的提纯收率８３％以上,母液可以循环使用,溶剂可以回收。     

发酵工厂中空气净化工艺的合理选择

从节能、降低成本、优化工艺的角度，对无菌空气制备过程中，空气预处理流程的选择、空气净化设备、过滤介质以及设备的遴选进行探讨，以实现工艺和工程设计的优化结合。     

乙醛氧化塔爆炸事故原因分析及预防措施

根据乙醛氧化制醋酸的反应机理,对乙醛氧化塔爆炸事故的影响因素进行了分析,找到了乙醛氧化塔频繁发生爆炸事故的原因,并提出了预防措施.实施后有效地防止了乙醛氧化塔的爆炸事故,并提高了醋酸收率,取得了良好的效果.     

CFD simulation of acetone separation from an aqueous solution using supercritical fluid in a hollow-fiber membrane contactor

In the present study, separation and mass transfer of acetone using a polymeric hollow fiber membrane by a supercritical fluid as a dense solvent was simulated. The propane is used as supercritical fluid for extraction of acetone. The simulated hollow-fiber membrane contactor has three compartments: tube, porous membrane and shell. The aqueous solution and solvent pass in the lumen and shell sides, respectively. The model equations have been solved by CFD technique using a finite element as numerical method. The simulation results were compared with experimental data obtained from literature and showed great agreement with the measured values. The simulation results of acetone extraction also showed that reducing the feed rate and increasing the solvent velocity will enhance the separation of acetone.     

纳豆激酶液体发酵研究

对纳豆激酶发酵工艺进行了研究,通过试验确定,纳豆激酶发酵生产的最佳发酵时间为120~125 h,最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为大豆蛋白胨。