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1.
James Aweya Michel Ouellette Delfin Y. Montuno 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2002,15(4):287-307
It is now widely accepted that a RED [2] controlled queue certainly performs better than a drop‐tail queue. But an inherent weakness of RED is that its equilibrium queue length cannot be maintained at a preset value independent of the number of TCP active connections. In addition, RED's optimal parameter setting is largely correlated with the number of connections, the round‐trip time, the buffer space, etc. In light of these observations, we propose DRED, a novel algorithm which uses the basic ideas of feedback control to randomly discard packets with a load‐dependent probability when a buffer in a router gets congested. Over a wide range of load levels, DRED is able to stabilize a router queue occupancy at a level independent of the number of active TCP connections. The benefits of stabilized queues in a network are high resources utilization, predictable maximum delays, more certain buffer provisioning, and traffic‐load‐independent network performance in terms of traffic intensity and number of connections. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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TCP/IP网络的动态模型描述 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
拥塞现象成为TCP/IP网络发展面临的一个重要问题。因此,拥塞控制对TCP/IP网络的鲁棒性和稳定性具有重要作用。目前,网络拥塞控制策略主要包括两类:端到端的控制机制,如TCP拥塞控制算法;网络内部的主动队列管理(AQM)策略。但由于缺乏对网络系统动态特性的了解,这些拥塞控制策略大都基于专家经验,并没有建立完整的理论分析框架。为此,本文从数据流的角度出发,通过建立网络基本单元状态方程模型来实现IP网络系统的数学解析模型,然后用混杂系统来描述TCP带有拥塞控制策略的数据传输过程,建立了TCP/IP网络的动态模型,为网络系统中动态性能的分析、拥塞控制策略的设计奠定了基础。实验结果表明,该数学模型与NS仿真实验的结果相一致。 相似文献
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流量控制是互联网有效运行的必要条件.随机早期探测RED(Random Early Detection)是一种基于整条链路的积极队列管理技术,它能显著地提高网络的利用率、稳定性和公平性,是IETF倡导使用的流量控制技术.它由Hashem首先提出雏型,Floyd对之作出了重大改进,形成了较为完善、实用的RED技术,为了在应用中增大RED的适应范围,Fang又提出基于参数自适应的RED.由于现有方法未能稳定、准确地刻画网络流量特征,在流量特性差异较大时,以上方法均难以有效控制网络流量.在本文中,作者首先给出了估计流量特性的解析方法,该方法较参数自适应具有更好的稳定性和准确性;并据此提出了一种RED改进算法,最后通过动态仿真,证明该改进算法提高了RED的适应性,降低了网络时延,减小了时延抖动. 相似文献
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针对CSFQ算法存在的对TCP流的抑制及缓存策略等问题,提出采用ARED作为缓存管理的CSFQ改进算法A-CSFQ,并在多瓶颈链路下对其性能进行仿真。仿真结果表明,改进算法在保持CSFQ其他优点的基础上,显著减弱了对TCP流的抑制作用,提高了其对TCP流的公平性。 相似文献
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TCP网络的自适应非奇异终端滑模控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对TCP网络的拥塞控制问题,采用非奇异终端滑模控制理论提出了一种新的主动队列管理算法。采用非奇异终端滑模面以克服传统终端滑模控制的奇异问题,同时确保系统能在有限时间内收敛至平衡点。考虑到UDP流干扰的情况,用Lyapunov稳定性方法给出了一个自适应律来消除UDP流干扰对系统的影响。仿真结果表明,该算法可以使队列长度快速收敛到设定值,同时维持较小的队列振荡,优于传统的滑模控制。 相似文献
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拥塞控制中的随机检测算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为主动队列管理(AQM)的典型代表,RED(Random Early Detection)算法得到了较为广泛的应用。出于改进其稳定性和公平性的考虑,研究者开发出了ARED,SRED,FRED,RIO和WRED等几种算法。重点研究了RED及其多种变种方法的设计思想、算法,并比较了它们的优缺点。在此基础上,分析了IP复接器中适用的算法。 相似文献
8.
Chi Zhang Lefteris Mamatas Vassilis Tsaoussidis 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2009,22(5):513-530
While there exist extensive research works on congestion control and active queue management, or the joint dynamics of a congestion control strategy with the random early detection (RED) algorithm, little has been done on the interactions between different window adjustment strategies and different queue management schemes such as DropTail and RED. In this paper, we consider a spectrum of TCP‐friendly additive increase and multiplicative decrease (AIMD) parameters. At the one end of this spectrum, smooth‐TCP enhances smoothness for multimedia applications by reducing the window decrease ratio upon congestion, at the cost of the additive increase speed and the responsiveness to available bandwidth. At the other end, responsive‐TCP enhances the responsiveness by increasing the additive increase speed, at the cost of smoothness. We investigate the network dynamics with various combinations of AIMD parameters and queue management schemes, under different metrics. The investigation is conducted from the deployment (especially incremental deployment) point of view. We discussed the impact of the interactions on the goodput, fairness, end‐to‐end delay, and its implications to energy consumption on mobile hosts. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Sungwon Yi Martin Kappes Sachin Garg Xidong Deng George Kesidis Chita R. Das 《Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing》2008,8(4):421-434
Wireless access points (APs) act as bridges between wired and wireless networks. Since the actually available bandwidth in wireless networks is much smaller than the bandwidth in wired networks, there is a disparity in channel capacity which makes the access point a significant network congestion point in the downstream direction. A current architectural trend in wireless local area networks (WLAN) is to move functionality from APs to a centralized gateway in order to reduce cost and improve features. In this paper, we study the use of RED, a well known active queue management (AQM) scheme, and explicit congestion notification (ECN) to handle bandwidth disparity between the wired and the wireless interface of an access point. Then, we propose the Proxy‐RED scheme, as a solution for reducing the AQM overhead from the access point. Simulations‐based performance analysis indicates that the proposed Proxy‐RED scheme improves the overall performance of a network. In particular, the Proxy‐RED scheme significantly reduces packet loss rate and improves goodput for a small buffer, and minimizes delay for a large buffer size. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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主动队列管理(AQM)是对抗拥塞的重要手段,其经典算法之一是随机早期丢弃,简称RED。为使其能适应无线传输高突发误帧的特点,本文提出了一种基于平均队列长度和平均包到达速率的改进RED算法,分析了其相对于传统RED算法在预防和处理拥塞时的优势。同时针对无线信道的时变特性,提出自适应MIR速率调整,以提高频谱利用率和进一步降低拥塞概率,并讨论了其对于系统性能的改善。 相似文献
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Random Early Detection (RED) is the most widely used Adaptive Queue Management (AQM) mechanism in the internet. Although RED
shows better performance than its predecessor, DropTail, its performance is highly sensitive to parameter settings. Under
non-optimum parameter settings, the performance degrades and quickly approaches that of DropTail gateways. As the network
conditions change dynamically and since the optimum parameter settings depend on these, the RED parameters also need to be
optimized and updated dynamically. Since the interaction between RED and TCP is not well understood as analytical solutions
cannot be obtained, stochastic approximation based parameter optimization is proposed as an alternative. However, simulation
based approaches may yield a sub-optimal solution since for these to work, the network needs to be accurately simulated which
is, however, infeasible with today’s internet. In this paper, we present an optimization technique for optimizing RED parameters
that makes use of direct measurements in the network. We develop a robust two-timescale simultaneous perturbation stochastic
approximation algorithm with deterministic perturbation sequences for optimization of RED parameters. A proof of convergence
of this algorithm is provided. Network simulations, using direct implementation of the algorithm over RED routers, are carried
out to validate the proposed approach. The algorithm presented here is found to show better performance as compared to a recently
proposed algorithm that adaptively tunes a RED parameter. 相似文献
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基于自相似业务流的Hurst加权随机早检测算法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Floyd提出的随机早丢弃(RED,random carly detection)是基于传统的泊松(Possion)模型,不适应网络流量普遍呈现自相似性的特点。基于此目的,提出了一种新的RED算法——Hurst加权随机早检测算法(HWRED,Hurst weighted random early detection)。新算法能够根据输入流量的自相似系数Hurst,调整RED算法参数。仿真结果表明,新算法提高了队列长度的稳定性,减少了丢包率、排队时延和排队抖动,提高了网络的链路利用率。 相似文献
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网络拥塞问题会导致网络性能下降,对网络正常运行有很大影响,严重时会导致死锁的产生.文中分析了网络拥塞的产生的原因,并着重讨论了传统端到端的TCP拥塞控制的策略和方法,传统TCP拥塞控制策略提出了改进策略和网络层的IP拥塞控制策略.最后对基于TCP和IP拥塞控制策略进行了对比探讨. 相似文献
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James Aweya Michel Ouellette Delfin Y. Montuno 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2005,18(1):77-93
The relative differentiated service model provides assurances for the relative quality ordering between service classes, rather than for the actual service level in each class. In this paper, we describe a relative loss rate differentiation scheme where packet drop probabilities are determined according to an active queue management (AQM) mechanism based on random early detection (RED) in a first‐in first‐out (FIFO) queue, are weighted in inverse proportion to the price that the network operator assigns to each service class. Basically, we describe a scheme where relative loss rate differentiation is incorporated directly into AQM. Most TCP flows today, particularly Web flows, can be characterized as short‐lived flows. Using simulations with short‐lived TCP flows, we show that the scheme is very effective in ensuring relative loss rate differentiation between service classes during times of network congestion. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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We propose adaptive proportional (P) and proportional‐integral (PI) controllers for Active Queue Management (AQM) in the Internet. We apply the classical control theory in the controller design and choose a proper phase margin to achieve good performance of AQM. We have identified a simple heuristic parameter that can monitor the changes of network environment. Our adaptive controllers would self‐tune only when the dramatic change in the network parameters drift the monitoring parameter outside its specified interval. When compared to P controller, a PI controller has the advantage of regulating the TCP source window size by adjusting the packet drop probability based on the knowledge of instantaneous queue size, thus steadying the queue size around a target buffer occupancy. We have verified our controllers by OPNET simulation, and shown that with an adaptive PI controller applied, the network is asymptotically stable with good robustness. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对随机早期检测(RED,Random Early Detection)算法存在的公平性问题,提出了一种基于负载的公平性主动队列管理算法(LFED)。该算法通过引入网络负载和队列这两个概念,有效地判断当前网络拥塞程度,同时使用改进的丢包率公式,并且借鉴CHOKe算法的惩罚机制对非响应流进行有效惩罚,以保证不同数据流之间的公平。仿真实验表明,与RED和CHOKe相比,LFED可以得到稳定的瞬时队列长度和减少分组丢弃率,具有较好的公平性和稳定性。 相似文献
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主动队列管理算法的分类器实现 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
作为端到端拥塞控制的增强机制,主动队列管理(AQM)通过在网络中间节点有目的地丢弃分组来维持较小的队列长度和较高的链路利用率.已有的大多数主动队列管理算法沿用了随机早期探测(RED)算法首创的概率丢弃机制.本质上,判决是否丢弃分组的过程是一个依赖于网络拥塞状态的决策过程,因此,概率决策不应该是唯一的方法.在本文的研究中,我们首先归纳了理想AQM算法所应具备的品质,然后应用模式识别中分类器的设计思想提出了一种新颖简洁的主动队列管理策略实现框架,并基于Fisher线性判别方法为AQM设计了一个两维两类分类器(TCC).仿真试验表明TCC有效、敏捷、鲁棒,扩展性好,同时实现简单,计算开销小,有利于高速路由器的性能优化. 相似文献
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主动队列管理是实现网络拥塞控制的一种重要技术,但是多数主动队列算法如RED等对于公平性的考虑不足.近年来,也出现了一些能提供一定的公平性支持的主动队列管理算法,本文对其中几个有代表性的算法进行了对比研究.包括对它们的理论分析,以及在ns2上的仿真实验,并且结合实验结果对算法中存在的问题及其原因进行了深入的分析.文中最后对这几种算法进行了综合的评价,并对算法的改进提出了一些建议,希望能为今后的工作提供一定的支持. 相似文献
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网络的拥塞会导致吞吐量的下降 ,降低网络的效率 ,对网络的正常运转有很大的影响 ,最终可能导致网络的崩溃。分析了在Internet上TCP IP协议拥塞控制的原理 ,提出了在TCP层抑制拥塞的策略、方法 ,并提出了今后的研究方向 相似文献