On‐line estimation of switched reluctance motor parameters

This paper addresses the problem of on‐line parameter estimation of switched reluctance motors and provides, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first result that takes into account the dynamics of both electrical and mechanical subsystems. Based on a widely‐used standard model of the motor and establishing a reasonable structure for modeling the unknown load torque, a linear parametric model is derived and a 2‐stage identification scheme is proposed and implemented with the recursive least‐squares algorithm with forgetting factor. It is assumed that stator voltages and currents and rotor position and speed are available through measurements. Numerical simulations and experimental tests are included for a 3‐phase 12/8 switched reluctance motor. The results show a good performance of the proposed methodology, and the estimated parameters are validated through their use in a closed‐loop control scheme. Key features of the proposed solution are that it does not rely on locked‐rotor tests nor does it assume previous knowledge of the magnetization curves of the motor. The estimation scheme is intended to improve the performance and efficiency of currently available control algorithms, and it is potentially useful for the design of selfcommissioning switched reluctance drives, ie, drives that can automatically adjust the controller parameters for a wide range of motors and loads.     

基于转矩分配的开关磁阻电机转矩脉动抑制的研究

转矩脉动是开关磁阻电机亟待解决的问题和研究难点之一,其限制了速度控制性能和位置测量精度的进一步提升。基于转矩分配的开关磁阻电机转矩脉动抑制的理论研究已取得较大进步,但由于电机磁路的非线性,使得在实际应用中转矩很难准确反馈。本文根据电机的实际规格和尺寸,采用Maxwell3D计算出在不同转子位置和相电流下的转矩,建立了转矩-电流逆模型;通过合理地设置开通角、换相重叠角和关断角,简化了程序设计,抑制了反向制动转矩;进而根据转矩分配函数,采用电流闭环对转矩进行间接控制。仿真和实验结果证明了该方法可以有效地减小转矩脉动。     

基于换相过程控制的开关磁阻电动机转矩波动最小化研究

转矩波动是开关磁阻电动机较为突出的问题，在对开关磁阻电动机转矩模型分析的基础上，提出了一种控制策略用于解决换相过程中转矩平滑过渡的问题，详细讨论了该控制策略的一种在线控制方案，理论分析表明该方法能减小转矩波动，且效果较好，通过对12／4极三相开关磁阻电动机的仿真和实验研究，验证了所提方案的可行性。     

四相开关磁阻电机带直流偏置正弦激励特性研究

针对四相开关磁阻电机（SRM）传统方波励磁转矩脉动大的问题,提出了一种单极性正弦励磁控制方法。首先建立了两相旋转坐标系下四相SRM的数学模型,分析了带直流偏置正弦励磁时瞬时转矩,结果表明转矩和iq分量成正比并且转矩不含三相SRM单极性正弦励磁时的磁阻转矩分量。然后研究了在两相旋转坐标系下对电流分量的控制方法,转矩分量采用SPWM控制,励磁分量采用电流滞环跟踪控制。最后对本文提出的控制方法通过有限元进行仿真分析并给出实验验证。实验结果表明在该种控制方式下SRM的转矩脉动小于传统方波励磁的转矩脉动。     

开关磁阻电动机开关角的在线最优控制

针对传统的开关磁阻电动机角度位置控制只是离线计算合适的开通关断角,或随着负载、转速的变化线性地改变开通关断角,提出了在稳态时使驱动系统的性能指标转矩／安培最优的开通关断角在线控制方案,详细了一种利用ＥＰＲＯＭ实现开关角控制的方法,给出了一些实验结果,证实了该在线调整方法的必要性和有效性。     

混合动力汽车用开关磁阻电机设计

针对混合动力汽车中开关磁阻电机启动发电一体化工作要求,研究了开关磁阻电机设计方法,采用Ansoft仿真软件对参数进行了仿真,结果表明开关磁阻电机能作为启动发电机,在混合动力汽车中有很好的应用前景。     

直接转矩控制在开关磁阻电机中的应用与研究

阐述了开关磁阻电机(SRM)直接转矩控(制DTC)策略的原理,指出直接转矩控制的核心在于电压矢量的选择及开关表的建立,给出了DTC在SRM中应用的具体实现方法。对基于直接转矩控制策略的SRM电机转矩控制进行了仿真及实验研究,仿真结果表明,这种策略能够较好地抑制转矩脉动,系统动静态特性良好,实现方法简单。     

车用永磁同步磁阻电机转子的优化设计

永磁同步磁阻电机充分利用磁阻转矩,有效提高了电机功率密度和降低电机成本。本文首先对永磁电机的磁阻转矩影响因素进行分析,建立了3种不同结构转子模型,利用二维有限元法对电机的重要参数进行了计算和对比分析。综合比较后,对其中一种转子结构进行了优化,通过调整直轴和交轴磁路,提高了电机磁阻转矩的比例及弱磁性能。     

Torque and suspension force in a bearingless switched reluctance motor

Bearingless switched reluctance motors, which can control rotor radial positions with magnetic force, have been proposed. The bearingless switched reluctance motors are characterized by integration of switched reluctance motors and magnetic bearings. These motors have two kinds of stator windings composed of motor main windings and suspension windings in the same stator in order to produce suspension force that can realize rotor shaft suspension without mechanical contacts or lubrication. For successful stable operation, accurate theoretical formulas of instantaneous torque and suspension force are necessary to a rotational speed controller and a rotor radial position controller. This paper derives the theoretical formulas of the instantaneous torque and the suspension force from an assumption of simple permeance distribution. This derivation process makes an assumption that fringing fluxes are distributed on elliptical lines. It is shown with experimental results that the derived theoretical formulas are very accurate in terms of practical application. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 157(2): 72–82, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20157     

高速开关磁阻电机电磁解析分析方法

磁化曲线计算是SRM解析计算的关键,现有的磁化曲线计算公式大多针对多极数低速SRM,不适用于高速运行的低极数SRM.本文在传统8/6极低速SRM磁化曲线的基础上,推导了4/2极高速SRM三个重要位置的磁化曲线计算公式,并与有限元结果做了对比.对额定工况下的4/2极SRM样机进行了转矩校验,指出了传统校验法的不足,提出了新的校验方法.最后,考虑电机自起动能力,优化了电机转子结构.     

开关磁阻电机的滑模变结构控制

针对开关磁阻电机存在磁场严重的非线性且数学模型不精确等问题,提出了一种滑模变结构控制方法。它主要是通过切换函数从而不间断地来回切换系统量,系统总约束在切换面上,然后系统的状态变量自动地滑到原点。利用滑模变结构控制的快速性和完全自适应性,设计了滑模变结构控制的开关磁阻电机调速系统,同时推导出了该方法的数学模型,最后编程实现并在实验台上调试。实验结果证明,与常规的控制策略相比,滑模变结构控制改善了系统的动态性能,有较强的鲁棒性,且在无需知道电机精确模型的情况下可有效克服转矩脉动。     

无轴承高速开关磁阻电机设计中的关键问题

讨论了无轴承开关磁阻电机在高速运行时的电磁设计、结构强度、稳定性设计、转子应力设计、散热设计、磁性材料选择等关键技术问题,给出了在设计过程中应注意的问题和优化设计的方法依据。考虑上述电机设计原则,对一台7.5kW无轴承开关磁阻电机进行了电磁和结构参数的优化设计,建立了基于ANSYS的二维有限元模型,对径向悬浮力和转矩特性进行了计算,比较了仿真和理论计算结果;在实验样机上测量了主绕组、悬浮绕组电感。结果表明,该设计方法满足了无轴承高速开关磁阻电机的设计要求,对进一步进行参数优化具有参考价值。     

开关磁阻电动机控制方法研究

简要介绍了开关磁阻电动机的特点,详细介绍和分析了开关磁阻电动机的各种控制方法,分析了各种控制方法的原理、优缺点和适用范围,重点分析了直接转矩控制方法。     

Development of high‐efficiency switched reluctance motor

In this paper, several techniques of the efficiency improvement of SRM drives are described. One of these improvements is the optimization of applied voltage waveform. Drive efficiency is further increased by application of new low‐iron‐loss materials such as Super E‐Core brand steel strip. Another step of the efficiency improvement consists in optimization of components incurring iron and copper losses by using computer program PC‐SRD. As a result, the highest efficiency level achieved in the study was 94.3%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 162(2): 73–82, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20523     

自适应模糊PID控制器在开关磁阻电机中的应用

开关磁阻电机调速系统是一个多变量高度耦合、非线性很强的控制系统,采用常规的控制方式难以获得良好的控制效果.设计了应用于开关磁阻电机调速系统的自适应模糊PID控制器,并利用Matlab的Simulink工具对开关磁阻电机调速系统进行了仿真分析,结果表明系统超调量小,动态性能好,稳态精度高,抗干扰和鲁棒性强.     

Runtime data‐based characterization and torque estimation of switched reluctance motors

High‐performance control of a switched reluctance (SR) motor strictly requires an accurate nonlinear motor model as well as an appropriate control strategy. Since recent modeling methods are either complex or not accurate enough, this paper focuses on overcoming such drawdacks. An experimental method is proposed to collect useful data for modeling a 6/4 SR motor at running condition. Nonlinear modeling is done by an algorithm, which also enables simple static torque computation. The algorithm presents not only the static torque data but also an estimator model for instantaneous torque estimation during real‐time operation, which is very important for most torque control strategies. The nonlinear model is experimantally tested, and its accuracy verified. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

一种四相开关磁阻电动机新型功率变换器的分析与设计

通过对两种常用的四相开关磁阻电动机(SR)功率变换器主电路的分析,并结合研制实践,给出了5.5kW四相SR新型功率变换器的设计实例和实验结果。     

基于双DSP的磁浮开关磁阻电机全数字控制器

根据磁浮开关磁阻电机(SRM)对控制器硬件资源及实时性的要求,基于双DSP与双口RAM,研制了磁浮SRM的全数字控制器。控制器以2片DSP为核心,来满足磁浮SRM旋转和悬浮功率变换器对PWM调制信号的需求,双口RAM用于实现2个DSP之间的信息实时共享,旋转控制用功率变换器采用传统不对称半桥电路,悬浮用功率变换器采用2块IPM模块,双DSP管理3套功率变换器以实现同时旋转控制和悬浮控制。制作了全数字控制器实验样机,进行了实验测试。实验结果表明,两DSP可协调工作,实时交换所需数据,能有效地完成对磁浮SRM的控制。     

基于分段解析建模的开关磁阻电机在线转矩估算方法

针对目前开关磁阻电机采用单一解析模型进行在线转矩估算存在模型复杂、精度低的问题,提出一种基于分段解析建模的开关磁阻电机在线转矩估算方法.根据开关磁阻电机在一个电周期内磁链特性曲线的对称性及其定转子极弧的结构特点,提出将其半个电周期划分为5个区间,分别建立了每个区间的磁链与转矩简化解析模型,并通过有限元分析及构建基于DS...     

Unified Calculation Method for Motor Torque in Reluctance Network Analysis

A reluctance network analysis (RNA), which is an improved magnetic circuit method, has some advantages: the analytical model is simple, the calculation accuracy is relatively high, and a coupled analysis with an electric circuit, a heat circuit, a motion equation, and so on, is fundamentally easy. The RNA has been applied to the dynamic analysis of several motors such as a surface permanent magnet (SPM) motor, an interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor, and a switched reluctance (SR) motor. The dynamic characteristics of these motors including starting and a sudden load change can be calculated by an RNA. However, the torque calculation methods for these motors are different from each other. This paper presents a unified calculation method for the motor torque in an RNA, which does not depend on the types and structures of motors. The validity and availability of the proposed method are demonstrated by a finite element method (FEM) and an experiment.