螺旋半圆管夹套内湍流流动与传热的数值模拟

应用CFD分析软件Fluent,在简化模型的基础上对螺旋半圆管夹套内的三维湍流流动及换热进行了数值模拟. 结果表明,夹套内与螺旋线垂直的横截面上,切线方向的时均速度等值线呈鞍状分布,弯曲外壁侧的速度梯度远大于直内壁侧;二次流为稳定的两涡结构,二次涡的中心位置在半圆形截面的2个尖角附近. 由于二次流的作用,换热壁面上局部努塞尔数Nulocal分布不均,最小值在壁面中心点处,最大值在中心点两侧,研究范围内,最小值为平均值的0.8~0.85倍,最大值为平均值的1.15~1.25倍. 螺距对夹套内充分发展段的流体流动及换热的影响很小;增大曲率,夹套的换热能力增强,同时流动阻力也增大.     

网状孔板纵向流换热器壳程流体流动及换热特性的数值模拟

应用CFD软件对网状孔板换热器壳程流体流动及换热特性进行了数值模拟研究,揭示了网状孔板强化传热的机理,分析了孔板间距及开孔率对其换热、压降性能的影响,推导出网状孔板纵向流换热器壳程换热与流动的准数关系式. 结果表明,流体流过网状孔板产生射流及二次流现象,强化了壳程流体的传热;在Re=2300~6300范围内,网状孔板换热器比弓形折流板换热器的Nu数增大约50%,但压降比弓形折流板换热器高约2.5倍;在研究范围内,孔板间距减小、开孔率减小均能使壳程流体的Nu数及压降增大,且Re数越大,开孔率、折流板间距对Nu数及压降的影响越大;但随开孔率、折流板间距减小,流体压降增加的速度明显比Nu数快.     

聚光式太阳能热发电中传热工质的研究现状

聚光式太阳能热发电系统的传热工质主要包括水／水蒸气、空气、导热油、液态金属和熔盐。针对传热工质的物性·提出了各传热工质的优缺点,介绍了传热工质在太阳能热发电中的应用现状及研究情况,指出熔盐将是未来太阳能热发电传热蓄热工质发展的重点。     

Heat Transfer Phenomena of Power Law Fluids in Double‐Pass Heat Exchangers with Isoflux Conditions

A new design of conjugated heat transfer in double‐pass parallel‐plate laminar countercurrent operations of power law fluids under wall isoflux was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The analytical solutions were obtained with a superposition model by introducing an eigenfunction expansion in terms of a power series for the homogeneous part and an asymptotic solution for the inhomogeneous part. The influence of the power law index on the average Nusselt numbers with the various design and operating parameters is also delineated. The theoretical predictions of the experimental results are represented graphically. The heat transfer performance was considerably improved when compared with a single‐pass parallel‐plate heat exchanger (without inserting a solid separator sheet). Suitable adjustments of the solid separator sheet position can effectively enhance the heat transfer efficiencies for such a recycling double‐pass device, as compared with the efficiencies of single‐ and double‐pass devices.     

梅花孔板纵向流换热器壳程流动与传热的三维数值模拟

基于梅花孔板纵向流换热器的三维物理模型,采用RNG k-e湍流模型,对其壳程流动与传热特性进行了数值模拟,以空气为工作介质,考察了孔板开孔率y=0.148, 0.18和0.214的换热器在雷诺数Re=4000~12000范围内的传热和压降. 结果表明,流体流过梅花孔后产生贴壁射流,射流的卷吸和二次流作用有利于流体的混合与传热. 换热器壳程平均努塞尔数Nu和单位长度压降Dp/lz均随开孔率y和折流板间距L减小而增大;与相同条件下弓形折流板换热器相比,在研究范围内,该流换热器的Nu提高了14.9%~52.88%,Dp增减幅度为152.85%~-16.62%,综合性能系数PEC为1.03~1.44,适当增大开孔率y和孔板间距L可提高换热器的综合传热性能.     

环形管内涡旋流动特性及传热机理研究

对不同初始旋流强度的空气介质在环形管内涡旋流动特性及传热机理的试验研究，得到了表示涡流喷嘴位置及方向的几何参数与传热系数及压力降的关系。实验表明，涡旋流动有明显的强化传热作用。     

螺旋内翅片管内充分发展流体流动与传热的数值分析

采用常规模型对一种新型螺旋翅形裂解炉管内充分发展的流体流动与传热进行了数值分析。采用变量置换法把控制方程由原来的三维问题转化为计算平面内的二维问题,并采用ＳＩＭＰＬＥＣ方法计算考察了周向恒壁温、轴向恒热流的螺旋内翅片管内充分发展条件下的流体流动与传热问题,得到了与实验值相近的结果。进一步用所述的方法对相同横截面的直翅和螺旋翅片管内的流场和温度场进行了数值模拟研究,它揭示了螺旋翅片管相对于直翅管而言阻力增加而传热效率下降的机制。     

三相流重力热管冷凝段传热性能研究

为拓展三相流强化传热和防、除垢技术的应用领域,优化重力热管的传热性能,设计并构建了1套三相流闭式重力热管系统。考察了固含率、加热功率、充液率等参数对于三相流重力热管冷凝段传热性能的影响。结果表明,三相流重力热管可以强化传热。冷凝段对流传热系数随着加热功率的增加而增大,随着充液率的增加而减小。充液率较低时,冷凝段对流传热系数随着固含率的增加而增大;而当充液率较高时,随着固含率的增加,对流传热系数则呈现出先增加,后降低,然后再增加的变化趋势。     

逆流超重机传热效果的实验研究

通过对逆流超重机传热实验数据的分析,讨论了冷热流体的进口温度、流量、超重机转速等因素对超重机传热的影响。通过实验数据的分析和比较得出超重机作为传热设备明显优于传统设备。     

Laminar Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Jackets of Triangular Flow Channels

Laminar flow and heat transfer characteristics of jacketed vessel with triangular flow channels were numerically studied under hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed conditions. Constant heat flux at theheated wall was assumed. The numerical program code interms of vorticity, stream function, axial velocity com ponent and energy equations was written based on a finite volume method. Based on the numerical results, the flow and temperature field were given, and the effects of Dean and Prandtl numbers on flow and heat transfer were ex amined, and the correlations of flow resistance and mean Nusselt number were developed for the jacket. The results show that the structure of secondary flow is steady two vortices in the investigated range of dimensionless curvatureratio and Reynolds number. Two peaks of local Nusselt number increase significantly with Prandtl and Dean num ber increasing, but the local Nusselt numbers near two ends and at the center of the heated wall increase only slightly. The center and two ends of heated wall are the poor positions for heat transfer in the jacket. Compared with the outer half coil jacket at the same area of heated wall, curvature radius, Reynolds number and Prandtl number, e jacket of triangular flow chmnel has lower flow resistance and less mean Nusselt number.     

诱导换热管流体弹性振动的换热及结垢性能研究

通过对换热器内安置流体诱导构件进行了传热和抗污垢性能的实验研究,对圆管内安置顺排圆柱和错排圆柱进行了传热和抗污垢性能对比,研究认为错排圆柱内件不仅可以增加管内的换热系数,而且也增强了抗污垢能力,延长了设备高效运行的时间。     

铜材退火罐热量回收利用装置传热分析

对某厂铜件退火罐,利用风冷夹套回收其余热用于木材干燥。采用ANSYS 14．0软件模拟了风冷夹套中的流场、温度场和压力场,并根据工程实际对进气口数量进行了优化。结果表明,进气口数量的改变不仅改变了流动阻力而且影响传热效果。当进气口数量为7时,退火罐出气口空气温度适宜用于干燥木材并且取热效果良好。     

三角形螺旋夹套内流体的湍流流动及换热模拟

对三角形螺旋夹套内流体的湍流流动及换热性能进行了模拟,得到了充分发展条件下恒定热流加热时釜内湍流流体的速度场,分析了雷诺数(Re)和无量纲曲率(k) 对流体阻力和换热性能的影响,并由模拟数据拟合出平均阻力系数及平均努赛尔数的关联式. 结果表明,湍流流动中,夹套内流体的二次流动为稳定的二涡结构,随雷诺数增大,二次流强度和湍动能均增强. 由于离心力的作用,外壁面的阻力系数远大于内壁面. 换热面上局部努塞尔数的峰值出现在靠近二次涡中心位置的换热壁面处,换热面中心处的局部努塞尔数约为峰值的85%. 随Re和k增大,峰值处的局部努塞尔数值增大最明显,流体的平均努塞尔数及阻力系数均增大. 在所模拟的范围内,三角形螺旋夹套的效率因子E>3.7,且随Re和k增大,E逐渐增大.     

A Numerical Study on Fully Developed Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Spiral Finned Tube

In this paper, the standard k-εtwo-equation model is adopted to numerically simulate fully developed fluid flow and heat transfer in a spiral finned tube within a cracking furnace for ethylene manufacturing. By variable transformation, the orlglnal 3-D problem is converted into a 2-D problem in spiral coordinates. The algorithm of SIMPLEC is used to study the fully developed fluld flow and heat transfer in the spiral finned tube at constant periphery temperature and constant axial heat flux, The computed results agree pretty well with the experimental data obtained from the industry, Further studies on the fluid flows and temperature profiles at different Reynolds numbers within straight and spiral finned tubes are conducted and the mechanisms involved are explored. It is found that with the spiral finned tube, pressure drop increases to a great extent whereas heat transfer tends to be decreased.     

旋流动力稳定性对传热影响的研究

旋流动力稳定性是影响旋流传热和流动性能的重要因素, 今提出了基于旋流稳定性基本判据的瑞利判据和失稳指标b,分析旋流动力稳定性的影响因素及其对传热效果的影响作用。结果表明旋流强度、轴向分量速度和旋转流道的几何尺寸均会对旋流稳定性产生重要影响。随着旋流失稳指标b 的提高传热系数明显增加,对于Vz=2.14ms-1的旋流, b 由0增至500时传热系数提高100%以上。旋流动力稳定性的研究结果为旋流强化传热研究的深入提供重要的手段。     

Steady Flow of Power Law Fluids across a Circular Cylinder

The momentum equations describing the steady cross‐flow of power law fluids past an unconfined circular cylinder have been solved numerically using a semi‐implicit finite volume method. The numerical results highlighting the roles of Reynolds number and power law index on the global and detailed flow characteristics have been presented over wide ranges of conditions as 5 ≤ Re ≤ 40 and 0.6 ≤ n ≤ 2. The shear‐thinning behaviour (n < 1) of the fluid decreases the size of recirculation zone and also delays the separation; on the other hand, the shear‐thickening fluids (n > 1) show the opposite behaviour. Furthermore, while the wake size shows non‐monotonous variation with the power law index, but it does not seem to influence the values of drag coefficient. The stagnation pressure coefficient and drag coefficient also show a complex dependence on the power law index and Reynolds number. In addition, the pressure coefficient, vorticity and viscosity distributions on the surface of the cylinder have also been presented to gain further physical insights into the detailed flow kinematics.     

经孔板形成旋转流的管壳式换热器壳程传热及流阻的研究

对螺旋折流孔板管壳式换热器壳程的传热与流体阻力做了研究 ,给出换热器壳程传热与流阻的计算关联式 ,并采用实验模型对换热器壳程流体旋转流的阻力系数与传热管的局部传热系数做了测试 ,且对光滑和菱形翅片两种管型作了对比     

热虹吸窄矩形流道内多元非理想物系流动沸腾传热

以乙醇－水、正丙醇－水、乙醇－正丙醇－水以及乙醇－苯－水作为工质,在热虹吸矩形流道内研究了多元物系流动沸腾传热。使用校正的渐进模型关联式,结合Thome核沸腾传质阻力效应校正,构造出多元物系流动沸腾传热计算方法。     

Effects of Contamination and Power‐Law Fluid Viscosity on Heat Transfer Phenomena of Spherical Bubbles

Heat transfer phenomena of spherical bubbles in unbounded contaminated power‐law liquids were numerically studied within the framework of a stagnant spherical cap model by solving the governing conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy using a segregated approach. The governing equations were solved with the semi‐implicit method for pressure‐linked equations. The momentum terms were discretized by quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics. Isotherm contours reveal that the thermal boundary layer becomes thinner with the decreasing power‐law index and/or the stagnant cap angle. The surface Nusselt number distributions indicate a sudden decrease at the leading edge of the stagnant cap and this reduction is found to be a strong function of all pertinent parameters. The average Nusselt numbers of contaminated spherical bubbles rise with the smaller cap angle and/or the lower power‐law index.