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锂离子电池使用6~8年后,其容量会出现一定程度的衰减,从而产生大量废弃物。负极石墨在电池中质量分数占比为12%~21%,对其回收利用有利于保护环境和发展经济。针对废旧锂离子电池负极石墨再生为电池级石墨的方法展开综述,主要介绍了浸出煅烧组合、石墨表面涂覆、制备复合材料和杂原子掺杂的方法,并在能耗、电化学性能等方面做了简要比较。目前,在众多再循环方向中,将废旧石墨再生为电池级石墨是最合适的路径,而且能从根源上解决负极材料的再生问题。在此基础上,未来应开发更加高效环保的浸出剂,寻求多路径的低温煅烧方法,尝试其他高容量负极材料与废旧石墨复合或者石墨表面的低成本涂层,加强杂原子在石墨中掺杂机理的研究。 相似文献
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随着电动汽车市场的蓬勃发展,将产生大量的废旧动力电池。考虑到有害废弃物对环境的污染以及资源的稀缺,废旧锂离子电池的回收具有重要的经济价值和现实意义。近年来正极材料(比如高价值金属钴、镍和锂等)的回收已经取得了可观的进展,但对附加值较低的负极材料(主要是石墨)的再生却鲜有提及。然而,考虑到碳材料的广泛应用,负极中高于环境丰度的锂含量,有关负极材料的回收自2016年来也引起了重视。因此,总结了锂离子电池石墨负极材料回收的研究进展,从能源、环境和资源成本等角度分析了包括直接物理回收、热处理回收、湿法回收、热处理和湿法回收相结合、萃取法和电化学法等各个回收路线的优势和不足;此外,对回收负极材料在储能和制备功能材料领域的再利用做出扼要重述。在此基础上,提出了回收锂离子电池石墨负极的挑战和未来前景,指出负极的回收应从绿色化学的理念出发,设计低能耗、环境友好的回收路线。 相似文献
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研究了两种提纯天然石墨的方法:热的浓NaOH溶液和浓HNO3溶液处理。并研究测试了这两类样品及核纯石墨的循环性能,结果表明,经过处理后的天然石墨的循环性能得到很大提高,因此提高天然石墨的纯度可能是提高天然石墨循环性能的重要因素之一。 相似文献
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改性石墨用于锂离子电池负极 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
石墨可用于锂离子电池负极材料,其改性方面的研究主要有:石墨的还原、氧化、表面包膜以及物理法处理。这些方法可以改变石墨的电子状态及表面结构,能够提高石墨的性能。本文介绍了改性石墨用于锂离子电池负极的研究概况。 相似文献
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Perumal Naveenkumar Munisamy Maniyazagan Nayoung Kang Hyeon-Woo Yang Woo-Seung Kang Sun-Jae Kim 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)
The construction of carbon-coated heterostructures of bimetallic sulfide is an effective technique to improve the electrochemical activity of anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. In this work, the carbon-coated heterostructured ZnS-FeS2 is prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method. The crystallinity and nature of carbon-coating are confirmed by the investigation of XRD and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The nanoparticle morphology of ZnS and plate-like morphology of FeS2 is established by TEM images. The chemical composition of heterostructure ZnS-FeS2@C is discovered by an XPS study. The CV results have disclosed the charge storage mechanism, which depends on the capacitive and diffusion process. The BET surface area (37.95 m2g−1) and lower Rct value (137 Ω) of ZnS-FeS2@C are beneficial to attain higher lithium-ion storage performance. It delivered a discharge capacity of 821 mAh g−1 in the 500th continuous cycle @ A g−1, with a coulombic efficiency of around 100%, which is higher than the ZnS-FeS2 heterostructure (512 mAh g−1). The proposed strategy can improve the electrochemical performance and stability of lithium-ion batteries, and can be helpful in finding highly effective anode materials for energy storage devices. 相似文献
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Xiaoxu Ji Xintang Huang Jinping Liu Jian Jiang Xin Li Ruimin Ding Yingying Hu Fei Wu Qiang Li 《Nanoscale research letters》2010,5(3):649-653
Carbon-coated SnO2 nanorod array directly grown on the substrate has been prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method for anode material of lithium-ion
batteries (LIBs). The structural, morphological and electrochemical properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction
(XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical measurement. When used
as anodes for LIBs with high current density, as-obtained array reveals excellent cycling stability and rate capability. This
straightforward approach can be extended to the synthesis of other carbon-coated metal oxides for application of LIBs. 相似文献
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以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)作为胶晶模板,溶胶凝胶法辅助制备出三维有序大孔Ni-Co-Mn混合金属氧化物作为锂离子电池负极材料.与相同组份的纳米颗粒相比,三维有序大孔材料具有大幅度提高的电化学性能.三维有序大孔材料具有高达1530 mAh·g-1的可逆容量,在1000 mA·g-1的电流密度下纳米颗粒材料的放电比容量仅为328 mAh·g-1,而多孔材料的放电比容量为876 mAh·g-1,比纳米颗粒材料提高了1.7倍;在100 mA·g-1电流密度下循环100圈之后多孔材料的容量保持率几乎接近100%,而纳米颗粒材料仅为42%.这些结果表明,三维有序大孔结构Ni-Co-Mn混合金属氧化物具有较高的容量和优异的循环性能. 相似文献
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采用射频磁控溅射法在射频溅射功率200W、镀膜时间10min的工艺条件下制备了锂离子电池用Sn薄膜负极材料。通过XRD、SEM、ICP、恒电流充放电对薄膜材料的结构、形貌及循环性能进行了表征。结果表明,该工艺下获得的Sn薄膜只出现了一个衍射峰Sn(220),表面分布均匀细小颗粒,平均颗粒大小约500nm。薄膜电极首次嵌锂容量为751mAh/g,30次循环后,嵌锂容量保持在500mAh/g以上。 相似文献
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Jiangliu Zhu Yurong Ren Bo Yang Wenkai Chen Jianning Ding 《Nanoscale research letters》2017,12(1):627
Embedded Si/graphene composite was fabricated by a novel method, which was in situ generated SiO2 particles on graphene sheets followed by magnesium-thermal reduction. The tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and flake graphite was used as original materials. On the one hand, the unique structure of as-obtained composite accommodated the large volume change to some extent. Simultaneously, it enhanced electronic conductivity during Li-ion insertion/extraction. The MR-Si/G composite is used as the anode material for lithium ion batteries, which shows high reversible capacity and ascendant cycling stability reach to 950 mAh·g?1 at a current density of 50 mA·g?1 after 60 cycles. These may be conducive to the further advancement of Si-based composite anode design. 相似文献
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采用直流磁控溅射法成功制备了钾离子电池用Si薄膜负极材料.通过SEM、恒电流充放电对薄膜材料的形貌及电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明,样品表面颗粒呈球状,表面较粗糙.电化学性能测试表明,Si电极存在较大的初期不可逆容量损失,其首次库仑效率为53%,首次嵌钾容量为1300 mAh/g,10次循环后,嵌锂容量维持在530 mAh/g,容量保持率为41%. 相似文献