比萨斜塔

意大利有许许多多高大壮美的塔,但没有一个比得上这一座出名,因为它是斜的。意大利还有许多斜塔,但也没有一个比得上比萨这一座出名,因为它高大壮美。它还有两个与众不同的特点,这就是,在全意大利的塔中,唯独它是圆的,唯独它是通体用白大理石造的。人们还都知道,伽利略曾经拿它当作自由落体试验场地。当着比萨大学身穿紫色道袍的教授们的面,一大一小两个铅球从塔顶同时落到了地面。一下子把传统观念砸开了个口子,动摇了统治一千九百年之久的亚里     

幸运的比萨斜塔

位于意大利比萨城内教堂广场上的比萨斜塔,为八层园形柱廊联拱式建筑,顶层为钟楼,塔内共有螺旋状楼梯294级,塔高54.5米,登上塔顶就可眺望比萨城全景.全塔自重14500吨.     

比萨斜塔已矫正

比萨斜塔已矫正比萨斜塔建于１１７４～１３５０年，共分８层，高５４．ｓｉｎ，重１．４２万ｔ。建塔时至第３层即开始倾斜，建成时，塔顶中心已偏离垂直中心线２．ｌｉｎ，以后每年继续偏高约ｌｍｍ。１９９０年１月７日开始关闭，寻求纠偏方案。今年１月２２日在比萨斜...     

比萨与比萨斜塔

比萨为意大利西部古城。在阿诺河河口两岸 ,距地中海 12公里处。人口有 10余万。铁路、公路枢纽。工业有纺织、机械制造、玻璃、制药、陶瓷等 ,还有大理石制品。十四世纪以前商业和海上运输业颇为发达。城内多中世纪古迹。为保护古城 ,另辟新的度假区 ,邻近海边 ,多为中低层建筑 ,环境幽美 ,风光秀丽。　　城内有著名的比萨斜塔 ,建于 1174年。共 7层 ,高 5 4 .5米。建时因奠基不慎 ,致塔身倾斜。历经沦桑 ,斜而不倒 ,成为世界一大奇迹 ,也成为前来观光的游客关注热点。为防止塔身继续倾斜 ,政府已采取措施 ,并禁止攀登。比萨斜塔近处 ,有大…     

重庆“比萨斜塔”

重庆荣昌县荷包镇一座建于清代中期、高10m的石塔，据说建成时就已倾斜，现在与地面倾斜成45度角，距今已有300年。摇动石塔基座时，塔顶还会随之晃动。塔下埋葬着一位清代高僧的骨灰。     

著名比萨斜塔要装上安全门

意大利比萨市地方官员5月31日说,他们正在比萨斜塔所在的奇迹广场入口处安装铜质大门,以防恐怖分子对这一著名景点发动袭击。     

比萨斜塔\"扶正\"46厘米

据意大利《晚邮报》报道,比萨斜塔近日迎来奠基 850 周年纪念日.斜塔维护机构的负责人当天表示,曾经斜到有倒塌风险的比萨斜塔已经加固,可以对它的未来\"满怀信心\".     

比萨斜塔和虎丘塔的启示

意大利有个比萨斜塔（ＬｅａｎｉｎｇＴｏｗｅｒｉｎＰｉｓａ） ,塔顶离塔心垂线的水平距离达５．２７ｍ ,斜率９３‰ ,高于规范（我国地基基础规范 ,下同）允许值１８倍多 ,举世闻名。我国也有个斜塔 ,是虎丘塔 ,塔顶离塔心垂线的水平距离也有２．３１ｍ ,斜率４９‰ ,高于规范允许值８倍多 ,却鲜为人知。二者虽建造年代、建筑形式、地质条件、倾斜原因均有所不同 ,但却可以给我们一些共同启示。公元１１７３年始建、１３７０年建成的比萨斜塔 ,位于意大利中部佛罗伦萨附近比萨市比萨大教堂的广场上 ,是一座钟塔。塔身呈圆柱形（图１） ,直…     

比萨斜塔倾斜还会持续多久

该文介绍了著名比萨斜塔沉降及倾斜原因，以及多种斜塔加固方案的比较，并提出了斜塔加固的新措施。     

Three-Dimensional Creep Analyses of the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Three-dimensional creep analyses are carried out to investigate the significance of soil creep effects on the tilting history of the Pisa Tower. Sensitivity analyses of model parameters are also conducted. Results show that three-dimensional creep analysis, although very time-consuming, is necessary in order to obtain more realistic numerical results. Creep effects have been found to account for 1.5 degrees out of the total 5.5 degrees inclination. Creep causes stress states in the clay layers to move away from the critical state line. It was also found that the deformation behaviour of the soil is not sensitive to any specific parameters. This helps to clarify that the total tilting angle of 5.5 degrees cannot be achieved by creeping of the soil. There must be other reasons that also contribute to the tilting of the tower, which cannot be considered by the constitutive model. Nevertheless, the current study could calculate the tilting history of the tower within reasonable accuracy during its construction period and illustrate more or less, the same trend as observed through the last four centuries. The model could also match the observed maximum settlement on top of the upper clay layers extremely well. Therefore, this study provides considerable insight into the deformation history of the soil and the stresses that are likely to exist in the soil.     

The Calculation of Thermal Movements and Eigenstresses in the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Starting from predicted yearly and daily distributions of the temperature fields induced by climatic actions over the cross‐sections of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the correlated time histories of thermal movements and eigenstresses have been calculated by simply assimilating the monument to a prismatic, inhomogeneous elastic body. Comparisons performed between calculated and measured daily and seasonal thermal displacements evidenced a good prediction capability of the model and its attitude to be used as an interpretation tool to understand also thermal periodical movements in other tower‐shaped buildings.     

Numerical Analysis of Time-Dependent Behaviour for the Leaning Tower of Pisa

This study investigates the significance of the creep characteristic in the deformation behaviour of the Pisa Tower through the simulation of creep tests as well as plane strain analyses conducted under non-creep and creep conditions. Creep effects account for up to 1.7 degrees of tilting and one meter of settlement. In addition, creep increases the mean effective stresses and decreases the deviatoric stresses in the clay layers. An extensive model parameter sensitivity study shows that the deformation behaviour of the Tower is not controlled by any specific model parameter, but each model parameter becomes more sensitive under high stress level. The total tilt of 5.5 degrees could not be achieved by simply changing the values of model parameters. Other factors may have also contributed to the deformation of the tower, which could not be considered by the current model.     

比萨斜塔的最新动向及纠偏方案探讨

本文首先介绍了比萨斜塔纠偏工程的概况及最新进展 ,对各种纠偏方案进行了评述 ,提出了用地基应力解除纠偏的设想及修正现代方案的具体措施。     

团泊新桥斜塔钢结构焊缝超声波检测

团泊新桥采用了世界上独一无二的“彩针型”独塔斜拉桥形式,全长1296m,主跨最大跨径138m,主塔全长120m,共分为3段,为特大桥梁工程。中塔作为主要受力部分之一,采用钢管横联连接,结构复杂,且受力较大,必须保证其焊接质量满足要求,本文分析了其主要结构,并采用超声波法进行检测。     

Stabilising the leaning tower of Pisa

 The 56-m high "leaning tower" of Pisa was constructed in three phases between 1173 and 1370 on the alluvial sediments of the River Arno, central west Italy. Although the tower deviated from the vertical at an early stage, the continuing tilt has led to concern about its safety. Having reviewed the construction of the tower and the underlying geology, the paper discusses the history of the tilting and describes the temporary remedial measures undertaken and permanent stabilization proposed. Received: 22 December 1997 · Accepted: 22 January 1998     

Absolute Tower 大厦

密西沙加市是加拿大的七大城市之一.应拥有独特的城市文化.她是一个典型的北美Suburb,她在寻找自己的现代城市文化是丰富的,复杂的,具有多样性,多变性.现代主义是和20世纪工业革命紧密相连的.他们创造出的简单化,工业化的箱体建筑已经令人厌倦.建筑不应是居住的机器.密西沙加市     

The Hinging Tower

For their project for a tower in downtown Singapore, which they undertook for the Rising Masses Studio at Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD), Ana María Flor Ortiz and Rodia Valladares Sànchez adopted a mathematical approach. They explicitly used mathematical notation as a mechanism of controlling form, in a manner that could also harness the possibilities of more random and unanticipated influences. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.