核壳型丁苯胶乳的制备及其对油井水泥石性能的影响

针对传统的丁苯胶乳敏感性强、增韧能力不足、综合性能差等问题,本文采用微滴乳液聚合方法,利用苯乙烯、液体聚丁二烯、新型含羧基功能单体X和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸为主要原料,合成了一种具有抗盐、增韧效果的丁苯胶乳RSL-100L。透射电镜照片显示：RSL-100L具有明显的核壳结构,且在溶液中分散性良好。应用性能实验评价表明：RSL-100L胶乳改性水泥浆抗盐性能良好,早期强度发展快,具有优良的防气窜能力;与纯水泥石相比,RSL-100L胶乳改性水泥石在高强度下具有良好的形变能力和弹韧性。RSL-100L胶乳与水泥颗粒之间的作用机制探究表明：RSL-100L胶乳可通过静电吸引作用和与钙离子的络合作用吸附到水泥颗粒表面,从而填充水泥颗粒之间的孔隙和裂缝,进而防止气窜,提高水泥基复合材料的弹韧性。     

羧基丁苯胶乳水泥浆的制备及性能研究

羧基丁苯胶乳是一种稳定且含有表面活性剂水溶液的聚合物粒子分散体。作为水泥的添加剂,用于改进水泥砂浆或混凝土的性能,它既要求改性后的水泥材料抗压强度、抗张强度、耐水、耐候性能好,同时又要求胶乳的粘结力强,并与水泥易掺混,在常温下可快速成膜。因此在研究过程中不仅要考虑到胶乳乳液聚合过程,还要考虑到许多影响胶乳性能和最终用途的因素,从而使改性的水泥砂浆可适用于不同的领域。本文综合运用表面活性剂技术、外加剂复配技术以及水泥石物相微观分析测试技术,研究了羧基丁苯胶乳对不同体系的水泥石力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,在羧基丁苯胶乳适当加量下的,使油井水泥浆流变性、强度、稠化时间、和降失水性能都有很大的改善,有助于水泥环在后续施工过程中维持长期有效层间封隔。     

碳纤维与胶乳液协同作用对固井水泥浆力学性能的影响

为提高水泥石在井下抵抗外部载荷破坏的能力,需要对油井水泥材料增强增韧,碳纤维和胶乳液是油井水泥常用的改性材料.为研究碳纤维与胶乳液协同作用对水泥浆力学性能的影响,通过在水泥浆中加入不同配比的碳纤维和胶乳液,测试了水泥浆常规性能和力学性能,并使用扫描电镜对水泥石的微观结构进行观察.试验表明,相比较单掺碳纤维和单掺胶乳液的水泥石,两种材料协同作用水泥石力学性能提高.在0.2％碳纤维和1％胶乳液加量协同作用下的水泥石抗压强度、抗折强度、抗冲击强度分别为35.44 MPa、11.15 MPa、2.08 kJ/m2,弹性模量达到5.8 GPa.通过扫描电镜观察可以发现,胶乳的网状结构和碳纤维的桥接作用综合提高水泥石性能,有效的控制了水泥石微裂隙的发展,从而提高水泥石的力学性能.     

油井水泥专用丁苯胶乳的实验评价

针对传统丁苯胶乳在油井水泥浆中适用性能差的问题,采用种子乳液聚合方法合成了一种油井水泥专用丁苯胶乳,并对其进行了微观结构和应用性能评价。该丁苯胶乳物理性能、红外及热失重分析结果表明：该丁苯胶乳乳液稳定性好,高温下分子结构稳定。丁苯胶乳水泥浆的应用性能结果和微观结构分析表明：该丁苯胶乳水泥浆API失水可控制在50 mL内,耐盐性能好,可解决传统胶乳水泥浆稠化实验"鼓包"、"包心"等问题;加有该丁苯胶乳的水泥浆早期强度发展快,胶凝强度过渡时间短;丁苯胶乳能细化水泥浆的孔径结构,提高水泥浆的胶结强度和形变能力,并且其水泥石的柔韧性比原浆水泥石提高了30%;此外,能够满足深井、超深井和气井等复杂井的固井作业要求。     

胶乳液改善水泥石性能研究

针对水泥石在井下复杂受力的情况下容易发生破裂的情况,需要添加胶乳液对水泥石性能进行改善。为研究胶乳液的加量对于水泥石常规性能和力学性能的改善,在水泥浆中分别加入0～32 g的胶乳液后,通过实验对水泥石的各项工程性能进行测试,实验结果表明:添加胶乳液可以降低Ф300下的数值约16%,失水量降低约51.9%;16 g加量的胶乳液可以提高水泥石18%的抗压强度;8 g加量的胶乳液的水泥石可以提升50%的抗冲击强度;32 g加量的胶乳液的水泥石降低34.7%的弹性模量,有效的改善了水泥石的力学性能。     

短切碳纤维对油井水泥基复合材料性能的影响

为保证油气井固井长期封固的有效性,需要在油井水泥基材料中添加增强增韧材料改善水泥浆性能。针对短切碳纤维对油井水泥基复合材料性能的影响,研究了短切碳纤维加入到油井水泥基材料中的流变性、稠化时间、失水量以及抗压强度、抗折强度和抗冲击强度,最后对碳纤维水泥石微观形貌进行观察。实验结果表明,碳纤维对水泥浆流变性和稠化时间影响较小,对水泥浆施工无不利影响,碳纤维的加入可以有效降低水泥浆的失水量;在0.4%碳纤维加量范围内,水泥石的抗压强度、抗折强度、抗冲击强度随着碳纤维加量增大均有不同程度的增大。养护28 d后,0.4%碳纤维水泥石的抗压强度、抗折强度、抗冲击强度较空白水泥石分别提高19.1%、34.4%、21.1%;短切碳纤维水泥浆凝固形成水泥石后,纤维通过粘结力和机械咬合力限制水泥试件中局部裂缝的扩展,同时也消耗水泥石破坏能量,从而增强力学性能。研究结果为碳纤维在油井水泥基材料中的应用提供借鉴与参考。     

羧基改性丁苯胶乳多元水泥浆的研究

定向井、水平井等复杂结构井由于工艺的特殊性,对水泥浆性能提出了更高的要求。要求套管有更高的抗外挤强度,要增大水泥环二界面胶结强度,降低水泥浆滤液对油气层的污染,提高勘探开发的效果。以往的水泥浆体系都很难同时兼顾这些性能,因此在以往实验的基础上,研制出一种可以应用于复杂结构井固井作业的胶乳多元水泥浆。通过室内实验,优选出羧基改性丁苯胶乳(XSBR)、膨胀剂(BS500)、纤维材料(XW)经过复配制成胶乳多元水泥浆体系,该水泥浆具有零自由水、低失水、微膨胀、防气窜等特点,能够满足复杂结构井固井的要求,在复杂结构井固井中有很好的应用前景。     

聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酰胺)/蒙脱土核壳结构材料改性聚酰胺6的性能研究

用自制的以有机蒙脱土（OMMT）为核、聚苯乙烯为次外层、聚丙烯酰胺为外层的新型聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酰胺)/OMMT核壳结构,通过熔融共混法制备了含3 %（质量分数,下同）核壳结构的改性聚酰胺6（PA6）。研究了改性PA6的力学性能、加工流动性能、结晶性能和热稳定性能。结果表明,核壳结构改性PA6能明显提高材料的弯曲性能,其弯曲强度较纯PA6提高了1.44 %,弯曲模量提高了3.46 %;核壳结构对PA6的结晶有成核作用,材料的结晶温度提高了8.5 oC,结晶度提高了3.3 %;核壳结构改性PA6与纯PA6具有基本一致的热稳定行为;核壳结构还能有效提高PA6的加工流动性,其熔体流动速率是纯PA6的2.18倍。     

改善固井水泥石抗CO_2腐蚀性能的无皂胶乳合成及性能评价

为改善苏里格区块油气田固井水泥环的抗CO_2腐蚀性能,以对苯乙烯磺酸钠、纳米二氧化硅为离子型复合共聚乳化剂,采用无皂乳液聚合法制备出一种新型无皂胶乳,首先考察了无皂复合乳液综合性能、热稳定性、结构特征,然后评价了含无皂胶乳水泥石的抗腐蚀性能。结果表明,无皂胶乳粒径分布均匀,具有典型核壳结构和良好的耐热性能;无皂胶乳有效提高水泥石的抗腐蚀性能,经CO_2腐蚀60 d后,无皂胶乳的水泥石(相对于空白水泥石)腐蚀深度降低29.75%,抗压强度提高21.36%,渗透率降低56.63%。无皂胶乳通过聚集成膜作用阻断腐蚀介质的运移通道及与水化产物的接触机会,进而提高水泥石的抗CO_2腐蚀性能。     

丁苯胶乳水泥的制备及性能研究

针对油田中后期开发面临的固井水泥环受腐蚀、脆性破裂的问题,采用水泥石抗硫化氢腐蚀性分析、试件抗压强度实验,对胶乳改善水泥石的抗腐蚀性进行了研究,实验主要是测定不同胶乳加量下的胶乳水泥性能和水泥石的抗压强度以及相同胶乳加量下在不同温度和不同腐蚀浓度下的胶乳水泥性能和水泥石的抗压强度。实验结果表明,胶乳水泥石比普通水泥石抗腐蚀能力明显提高;随着水泥浆中胶乳加量增加,其失水量降低,水泥石的抗压强度却略有降低,抗折强度略有增高。胶乳的加入使水泥石的性能有了很大的提高,能比较好的解决油田上中深井的抗腐蚀性能。     

Properties of polymer-modified cement mortar using pre-enveloping method

A new method, pre-enveloping sand with polymer, was adopted to make polymer-modified cement mortar (PCM). In the research, two kinds of latex, i.e., styrene acrylate rubber and styrene butadiene rubber, were used. The experimental results of physical and mechanical tests showed that, at the same level of polymer cement ratio, pre-enveloping method was better than normal method regarding the performance of the resulted composite. Moreover, in the condition of relatively low addition of polymer, the improvement of physical and mechanical properties, especially the resistance to cycling of freezing-thawing, by the pre-enveloping method was more significant. Additionally, it was found that styrene butadiene rubber can improve the fluidity of the mortar, and mortar with styrene acrylate rubber can maintain the same fluidity as the control sample by adding small quantities of a superplasticizer. Styrene acrylate rubber had no water-reducing ability by itself.     

Latex influence on the mechanical behavior and durability of cementitious materials

The results of an experimental program conducted on latex-modified mortars are presented in this article. These mortars have become of growing interest in the field of construction. They were used as superplasticizers, or water reducers, for finishing work applications and for repairs, coatings, and waterproofing. This study is about using two polymers (latex), i.e. styrene–butadiene rubber and styrene–acrylic, in order to assess their performance in replacing cement in mortars. A series of mortar mixtures, containing 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of solid polymer latex (by weight), were prepared and tested in the fresh and hardened states. The test parameters include the fluidity, compressive and flexural strengths, porosity accessible to water, adhesion to clay bricks, and cementitious substrates. The experimental results showed that substituting cement into modified mortars improves their fluidity and adhesion. In the case of clay substrates, a cohesive failure occurs within the substrate layer beyond 10% of substitution, while the rupture takes place at the interface for all formulations tested on cementitious substrates. It was also noted that the flexural tensile strength improved beyond 60 days. However, the compressive strength of polymer mortars decreased with the substitution rate of cement, for all maturities considered. However, for porosity accessible to water, the results follow a linear function, with an inflection at 5% of latex substitution.     

废弃砂浆粉对水泥物理力学性能的影响

研究了废弃砂浆粉对水泥物理力学性能的影响,测试了标准稠度需水量、凝结时间、流动度和强度.结果表明:废弃砂浆粉的掺加导致水泥的标准稠度需水量增加,水泥的凝结时间总体降低,水泥净浆的流动度及流动度损失均呈降低趋势,而减水剂与水灰比对水泥净浆的流动度及流动度损失有较大影响.废弃砂浆粉掺加量的多少将直接影响到水泥砂浆的强度,掺量越大,水泥砂浆强度损失越严重,而掺量低于10%时,水泥砂浆仍具有较高的抗压强度和抗折强度.微观结构特征表明,废弃砂浆粉掺量在一定范围时,水泥砂浆体系中产生钙矾石与C-S-H凝胶较多,体系结构密实性好.     

Development of modified expanded graphite‐filled solution polymerized styrene butadiene rubber vulcanizates in the presence and absence of carbon black

Expanded graphite (EG) consists of a huge number of partially exfoliated graphite sheets with the thickness of most of the sheets in the nanometer range. This study analyses the effect of EG and modified EG (MEG) on the mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties of solution styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR) with and without carbon black (CB). The surface of the EG was modified to enhance its dispersion in the SSBR matrix. In addition, oil‐extended carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR) was used as a compatibilizer to disperse MEG in the base nonpolar SSBR matrix. XSBR/MEG nanocomposites have been prepared by solution mixing. The obtained nanocomposites were incorporated into the SSBR matrix in the presence of CB by melt blending. Morphological properties of the nanocomposites revealed intercalation of MEG sheets in the SSBR matrix. Nanocomposites containing MEG in the presence of CB show improvement in mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:33–41, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Study on structure and properties of SSBR/SiO2 co‐coagulated rubber and SSBR filled with nanosilica composites

The morphological structure, glass transition, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of star‐shaped solution‐polymerized styrene‐butadiene rubber (SSBR) synthesized by a multifunctional organic lithium initiator and SiO₂‐SSBR composite (N‐SSBR) prepared through adding a small amount of nanosilica modified by silane coupling agent to star‐shaped SSBR synthetic solution and co‐coagulating, and their nanocomposites filled with 20 phr nanosilica were investigated, respectively. The results showed that the silica particles were well dispersed with nanosize in N‐SSBR, which glass‐transition temperature (T_g) was 2°C higher than SSBR. N‐SSBR/SiO₂ nanocomposite exhibited lower Payne effect and internal friction loss, higher mechanical properties, and its T_g was 2°C higher than SSBR/SiO₂ nanocomposite. N‐SSBR might promote the dispersion of nanosilica powder in matrix and could be applied to green tire tread materials. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Physicomechanical properties of irradiated SBR latex polymer‐modified cement mortar composites

This study investigated the effect of styrene–butadiene‐rubber (SBR) latex/cement ratio as well as γ‐irradiation dose on physicomechanical properties of cement mortar. Specimens were prepared with a different SBR/cement mass ratio of 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20. Two curing methods were used: wet cure and dry cure. The best specimens were irradiated to doses of 10, 30, and 50 kGy. The compressive strength, total porosity, and bulk density were studied. The result indicated that the compressive strength, total porosity, and the bulk densities of the composites decrease with increase in the polymer cement ratios. In addition, it was observed that the compressive strength of irradiated polymer‐modified cement mortar composites was improved with the increase in the γ‐irradiation dose, and the compressive strength of mix‐cured samples was higher than those wet‐cured samples at any irradiation dose. X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, acid attack, and microstructure of SBR‐modified cement mortar were characterized. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 26:144–154, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

纳米Al2O3协同水性环氧树脂对水泥基锚固注浆材料改性研究

锚固注浆材料性能良好,可有效提高锚固结构的服役寿命。为解决传统水泥基锚固注浆材料在边坡工程中稳定性和力学性能不足的问题,采用纳米Al₂O₃、水性环氧树脂对水泥基锚固注浆材料进行改性获得复合改性水泥浆材。通过正交试验、扫描电镜和X射线衍射测试,研究不同水灰比及配合比下复合改性水泥浆材的基本性能和改性机制。结果表明,复合改性水泥浆材的流动度、凝结时间、抗压强度受水性环氧树脂掺量的影响均大于纳米Al₂O₃掺量,而漏斗黏度、析水率受纳米Al₂O₃掺量的影响大于水性环氧树脂掺量。复合改性水泥浆材具有稳定性高、析水率低、抗压强度高等特点,有效解决了传统水泥基锚固注浆材料存在的稳定性和力学性能不足的问题,且其最佳性能配合比为水灰比0.5、纳米Al₂O₃掺量5%(质量分数,下同)、水性环氧树脂20%、固化剂掺量2.0%。     

Recycling of polyurethane foam waste in the production of lightweight cement pastes and its irradiated polymer impregnated composites

This study aimed at using polyurethane foam waste in the production of lightweight white cement pastes by a partial replacement of white cement with different ratios of polyurethane foam waste (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) based on the weight of cement. The lightweight white cement pastes specimens in addition to conventional white cement paste were cured under tap water for 7 and 28 days. The physical, mechanical, and thermal properties were evaluated. The results showed that the specimens cured for 28 days achieved better properties as compared to the specimens cured for 7 days. Furthermore, at each curing age the specimens of lightweight white cement pastes showed relatively lower properties as compared to the conventional white cement paste and as the polyurethane waste content increased, the properties in terms of compressive strength and bulk density decreased while the total porosity percentage increased especially at higher ratios. On the other hand, the effects of styrene–butadiene rubber latex and irradiation dose on the properties of irradiated polymer impregnated lightweight white cement composites have been investigated. The results confirmed that the impregnation of the hardened lightweight white cement pastes with styrene–butadiene rubber latex and their exposure to different doses of gamma rays (50, 100, 150, and 200 kGy) showed a gradual improvement in the mechanical and physical properties up to 150 kGy and then started to decrease at 200 kGy. Characterization of some selected specimens was carried out by the studying of thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 25:328–338, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

n—BuLi／THF体系希夫碱末端化学改性SSBR的研究

采用2种希夫碱化合物对以n-BuLi/THF引发体系合成的溶液聚合丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（SSBR）进行末端化学改性。研究结果表明，改性后的SSBR其物理机械性能及抗湿滑性能良好，滚动阻力有所降低，说明用希夫碱化合物改性SSBR可以制备低滚动阻力橡胶。     

Influence of PP fiber and SBR latex on the mechanical properties of crumb rubber mortar

This article presents a new kind of rubber mortar modified by polypropylene fiber (PP fiber) and styrene‐butadiene rubber latex (SBR latex). The mechanical properties of this crumb rubber mortar were investigated in the research, including the compressive strength, flexural strength, flexural toughness, and flexural elasticity modulus. The test results showed that the flexural toughness index of the rubber mortar was seen to enhance by about 50–100% with the addition of PP fiber and SBR polymer latex. Due to the addition of PP fiber and SBR latex, the flexural elastic modulus of rubber mortar could further reduce by 4–27%. The three‐phase composite dispersion model of this rubber mortar was put forward. Furthermore, it was observed from scanning electron micrograph that the interfacial transition zone between the rubber particles and cement paste was enhanced by the SBR latex, and the interleaving of polymer films and rubber particles strengthen the flexibility and toughness of the mortar. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40591.