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1.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MELTS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了从二元系中两组元活度的测定值之比求得该两组元的活度值,导出了一个变通的 Gibbs-Duhem 方程式,并在 PbCl_2-SnCl_2,PbCl_2-CdCl_2,AgCl-CuCl,Cu_2S-FeS,PbO-BiO_(1.5),PbO-SbO_(1.5),CaO-CaF_2及 CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2等冶金熔体中得到应用.多年前所发展的从 Ag 和 Pb 二元相图求得两组元活度的方法已扩大到含有单个 AB 化合物的二元系.用这一方法已求得 In-Sb 和 Sn-Te 系中各组元的活度.在研究某些黑色冶金渣与金属间的平衡时,用一适当选择的非铁金属代替 Fe作为熔剂金属有助于克服某些实验上的困难.采用 Sn 或 Cu 与熔渣平衡研究了 CaO-SiO_2,CaO-Al_2O_3和 CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3体系.对 CaO-SiO_2二元系获得的数据可以认为具有足够的准确度来验证 Masson 模型的合理性. 相似文献
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3.
研究了在1723K下CO还原CaO-SiO_2-A1_2O_3-Fe_tO渣系。根据CO_2红外分析仪测定的出口气体中CO_2浓度变化,计算了炉渣的表现还原速度常数K_a和还原速度常数K。结果表明,加入Al_2O_3,提高了CaO-SiO_2-Fe_tO的K_a和K值;炉渣碱度不变时,随着Fe_tO含量的增加,K_a呈增加趋势,但K则呈抛物线趋势变化;当FeO的光学碱度∧_FeO为1.0或0.87时,K_a随该四元渣系光学碱度的增加而线性增加,而K则呈递减趋势。用炉渣规则溶液模型计算了CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-Fe_tO四元渣系的Fe_tO活度a_Fe_tO。 相似文献
4.
基于最小Gibbs自由能原理的CaO-SiO2炉渣和Si-Ca金属两相体系平衡热力学模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于封闭平衡体系Gibbs自由能最小原理对精炼Si液中杂质Ca的炉渣金属体系建立热力学模型,由该热力学模型得到Si液中Ca的摩尔分数xCa与CaO-SiO2二元渣系CaO的摩尔分数xCaO的关系和文献报道的实验结果吻合良好,即0.3相似文献
5.
本文报告了锰在银、铁,渣、铁及渣、银间的分配数据及高炉型渣中MnO活度的计算结果。从熔渣结构观点讨论了碱度,Al_2O_3,MgO及CaF_2对渣中MnO活度的影响。还报告了渣中MnO还原速率的测定结果,讨论了反应级数问题。最后,对实验结果在生产实际中的应用进行了讨论. 相似文献
6.
Na2O对含MgO铝酸钙炉渣相变规律和氧化铝浸出性能的影响(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用向铝酸钙炉渣体系中添加Na2O的方法,降低或消除铝酸钙炉渣中MgO的负作用,并分析其影响机理。结果表明:当MgO含量为3%时,Na2O的添加量由0增加至4%后,炉渣的氧化铝浸出率由68.73%提高到80.86%。对含4%Na2O的样品进行XRD分析,发现四元化合物C20A13M3S3已消失。添加Na2O不能完全消除MgO对炉渣浸出性能的负作用。XRD和EDS分析结果表明,Na2O会进入12CaO·7Al2O3的晶格并促进其形成。 相似文献
7.
E. F. Osborn R. C. DeVries K. H. Gee H. M. Kraner 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》1954,6(1):33-45
On the basis of liquidus measurements in the system CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 and previously published data, diagrams have been constructed at 5 pct Al2O3 intervals from 5 to 35 pct Al2O3. Liquidus temperatures and primary phase fields are shown. The optimum composition of a blast furnace slag for a given alumina content is indicated. At the optimum point, ordinary slags will be entirely liquid and will have maximum desulphurization potential and minimum viscosity. The relation of optimum composition of slags to the “plateau region” of the liquidus surface, and the application of these data on synthetic quaternary slags to actual slag compositions are discussed. Index of refraction of glasses is given as well as composition, temperature, and phase data for each mixture. 相似文献
8.
WU Jianzhong WANG Changzhen Northeast University of Technology Shenyang China Professor Dept.Non-ferrous Metallurgy Northeast University of Technology Shengyang China 《金属学报(英文版)》1989,2(7):1-7
The activity of CaO and La_2O_3 in the liquid ternary slay CaO-SiO_2-La_2O_3 has been de-termined by equilibrating Sn with the slag phase in a graphite crucible under l arm of CO at1600C.The experimental results ,showed that the activity of CaO and La_2O_3 changes slowlywhile the ratio of mole fraction.x_(CaO)/x_(SiO_2),is less than unit.hut varies sharply while the ra-rio increases from 1 to 1.2.In addition,by equilibrating Sn with the binary slagB_2O_3-La_2O_3 saturated witlt solid La_2O_3 at three different temperatures,the relation betweenIgγ_(La)~0 and I/T is determined as follows:Igγ_(La)~0=-20400/T+11.37(1500-1600C)A random network model of molten silicate structure was applied to CaO-SiO_2-La2O_3.It was found that the experimentally determined activity-composition curve of CaO arequalitatively reproduced by the curves calculated with the model,but the curves of La_2O_3 areconsiderahly different from the calculated ones.It implies that the model used is over-simpli-fied and that the difference in interaction energy between the metal cations of different valenceand silicate anions should be considered. 相似文献
9.
熔渣无污染短路电化学还原分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在可控氧流冶金理念指导下发展了熔渣无污染短路电化学还原新方法。分析了以氧离子导体作隔离膜时从氧化物熔渣中直接提取金属的电化学还原原理。利用电池等效电路,比较了熔渣在短路、开路条件下电化学还原时氧电流的特点,讨论了熔渣还原时影响氧电流的因素。结果表明:外电路短路、降低电路中总电阻、选用更强的还原剂或采用阴极合金化等措施可以增大氧离子电流,提高熔渣电化学还原速度。实验利用碳饱和铁液作还原剂,组成如下两种电池:石墨棒|[O]Fe C饱和|ZrO2(MgO)|FeO(slag)|铁棒;石墨棒|[O]Fe C饱和|ZrO2(MgO)|FeO(slag) Cu(l)||钼丝,从CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-FeO系熔渣中分别得到了纯铁和无碳铁合金。 相似文献
10.
The relationship between the sulfide capacity of slags rich in iron oxide and the sulfur partition ratio between the metal and slag is strongly related to the slag’s iron oxide concentration. For slags containing little or no lime, this relationship is linear for a constant concentration of iron oxide in the slag. The effect of silica on changes in the sulfide capacity of slags rich in iron oxide is similar to that of basic steel-making slags, particularly at low activity of silica in slag. 相似文献
11.
Sung-Mo Seo Young-Hyun Paik Dong-Sik Kim Won-Pyo Lee 《Metals and Materials International》1996,2(2):65-69
Study on the interfacial properties of SUS304 melt in contact with pedestal oxides and also liquid slags of varying chemistry was carried out by using a combination of the sessile drop method and a X-ray fluoroscopic technique at 1470°C. Interfacial tension and contact angle were obtained directly from a numerical solution of the Young-laplace equation. Surface tension of SUS304 was found to be 1467 mN.m in Ar-atmosphere which was considerably lower than that of pure iron. This may be due to the existence of surface active elements such as (Cr, Ni and Mn etc. in SUS304. Interfacial tensions of SUS304 in contact with CaO-Sio2-Al2O3(CaF2) slags were in the range of 925 to 1 148 mN/m. The contact angle between SUS 304 and various pedestal was about 120° regardless of pedestal oxides. A12O3. TiO2 and SiO2. Contact angles between SUS304 and the pedestal alumina coexisting with liquid CaO-SiO2-Al2O3CaF3) were in the range of 125° to 142°. 相似文献
12.
Treating electroplating residues with thermal plasmas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
O. W. Bender R. A. Schroeter M. G. Garcia R. N. Szente 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》1998,50(7):32-35
A process for the treatment of sludge containing heavy metals generated in electroplating processes has been developed. The process is based on the use of a plasma system and allows the recovery of some of the metals contained in the sludge, while generating totally inert slags as by-products. Experiments performed for the treatment of zinc-rich residues (20% zinc) showed that zinc can be recovered in the process (metallic or oxide form) while generating both a ferrous slag containing heavy metals and a ceramic type of slag (originated from the silica and calcium oxide contained in the sludge). The two types of slags are inert and produced when treating any type of electroplating residues using the described technology; the slags can be sold to steelmakers (in the case of the metallic slag), used as bedroad fillers (in the case of the ceramic slag), or discarded without risks for the environment. Laboratory-scale tests have been conducted, and a pilot plant that is capable of treating up to 150 kg/h of electroplating residues has been built. 相似文献
13.
Li2O对CaO基钢包渣系脱磷能力影响的热力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
渣金平衡实验表明Li2 O替代CaO基钢包渣系中等量CaO使渣系磷酸盐容量Cp提高。在此基础上进行钢液脱磷的工艺性实验 ,研究了Li2 O含量、渣系碱度及氧化性对渣系脱磷能力的影响 ,并给出了控制转炉钢液在钢包中回磷及钢包渣脱磷的渣系。 相似文献
14.
1.IntroductionTheincreasingdemandsf0rlownitrogensteelproductsgiveriset0greatenthusiaJsmtouseTiO2-basedfluxfordenitrogeniZationofsteel[1-3].ManyexperimentscondrmedthatTi0z-basedslagshavehighernitridecaPacitiesandaPpeartobeonekind0fthemosteffectivefiuxesf0rdeIiltrogenization.Butasfarastherm0dynamicstudiesareconcerned,littleworkhasbeenreported0nthethermodynamiccalculationm0delsforTiO2-base'slags[4],especiallyf0rmulticomponentslagswithtitania-Inadditi0n,aJsaresultofusingvanadium-bearingtitani… 相似文献
15.
电解烟气净化系统流程中氧化铝输送系统是决定整个净化系统净化效率及系统流程是否通畅的关键.本文对造成输送系统堵塞的原因进行了分析,并根据今年来的工程经验,针对性的提出一些避免渣壳形成的手段和减少渣壳对电解烟气净化系统构成影响的可行手段. 相似文献
16.
Z.J. Han L. Liu M. Lind L. Holappa 《金属学报(英文版)》2006,19(1):1-8
The basic mechanism and kinetics of the transformation process of alumina inclusions in steel was reported when calcium introduced into the steel by wire feeding orpowder injection. To clarify the mechanisms model, experiments were performed by studying reactions between AltOs and CaO in a laboratory furnace and by performing calcium treatments in an 8kg induction furnace for Al deoxidised melt. The phases formed during the reaction between Al2O3 and CaO were examined by SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer), and the reaction sequence of Al2O3=〉 CA6=〉 CA2 =〉 CA =〉 CAx(l) was discussed in term of the experimental observations. The kinetics of the reaction of calcium with alumina inclusions were simulated by immersing alumina plates in a Ca treated steel melt in the induction furnace. Results were compared with observations of real inclusion transformation. A kinetic model was proposed based on the results. 相似文献
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1.IntroductionItisimportanttoinvestigatethekineticsofreductionofironoxideinslagswithcarbonsaturatedinmoltenironforunderstandingboththeslag-metalreactioninthehearthofblastfurnaceandthefinalreductionbehavioursofprereductionironorepelletscontainingcarboninironbathreactor.Theprevious.......h..sll--7]focusedtheirattentionsmainlyonthereductionrateofpureironoxideortheredlltionrateofironoxideinsimpleslags.Thoseresultsarenotconsistentwiththatoftilerealsituation.Throughanalyzinggascompositionattheoutlet… 相似文献
18.
A thermodynamic reassessment of the Co-W-C system is presented. New information on the liquid (L)+face-centered cubic (fcc)+graphite+WC
and L+fcc+WC+M6C equilibria has recently been published. Because these equilibria are very important for extrapolation to higher-order systems,
the ternary system has been revised. A revision of the Co-W system also has been performed. 相似文献
19.
从相图分析和岩相观察出发,对转炉(低磷)终渣的性质进行分析。在此基础上,用工业生产中氧气转炉出钢渣的数据,计算高温状态下的相平衡,并将计算结果加以数学处理,得到了FeO_n含量与经析出晶体(C_2S,C_3S,CaO)后的转炉(低磷)炉渣内所残存的液相量之间关系。论证了控制渣中FeO_n对转炉渣性质的重要性。对炉渣粘度、“化渣”概念、转炉造渣原则以及炉渣性质的研究等问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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利用空气顶吹研究熔渣的气态脫硫动力学,着重研究了熔渣∑FeO含量、j值[j=N_(Fe_2O_3)/(N_(Fe_2O_3)+N_(FeO))]、以及碱度对气态脫硫速度的影响.对气态脫硫反应的机理及反应速度的限制性环节作了分析和讨论.最后,对金属直接的气态脫硫、炉渣的气态脫硫和炉渣脫硫本身的矛盾、以及气态脫碗在转炉炼钢工艺上的应用问题进行了简要的讨论. 相似文献