Optimizing the Process Conditions for the Production of Lube Base Oil From Heavy Distillate

In order to meet the increasing process demand of heavy crude, the deep processing of heavy oils, especially the vacuum residue, may be a best choice. The authors selected ketone-benzol dewaxing, furfural refining, clay finishing (AFC); and furfural refining, ketone-benzol dewaxing, clay finishing (FAC) were selected to process base oils. Elemental analysis, n-d-M method, and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance were used to investigate the structure characteristics of base oils. Experimental data show that the FAC process conditions are more rigorous than AFC process, the yield of AFC process is higher than that of FAC process, but their base oils have their advantages and disadvantages.     

加氢尾油生产加氢Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类基础油可行性研究

中国石油大连石化分公司360万t加氢裂化装置已经开工投产,每年将会生产约18～54万t的加氢尾油,根据大连石化分公司加氢尾油的性质,试验室模拟实际生产,通过酮苯脱蜡、糠醛精制和白土补充精制试验,制取加氢尾油基础油,根据试验室加氢尾油基础油的评价结果,大连石化分公司利用加氢尾油试生产出了高粘度指数加氢Ⅱ类基础油和很高粘度指数加氢Ⅲ类基础油,是解决当前润滑油公司优质基础油资源短缺的一个非常有效的手段。     

加氢裂化尾油生产高质量润滑油基础油

加工试验表明,加氢裂化尾油经过糠醛精制、酮苯脱蜡以及白土精制可以生产出符合HVIH标准(高粘度指数基础油)的润滑油基础油。该基础油具有良好的低温流动性能,硫、氮含量较低,饱和烃含量较高,可以调合中、高档润滑油,但也存在紫外吸收不稳定的问题。从加工情况来看,糠醛装置废液系统负荷偏小,糠醛精制油收率提高了4%;酮苯装置的加工负荷降低100 t/d,能耗上升600 MJ/t;对白土装置的影响较小。     

高粘度指数润滑油生产工艺探讨

详细介绍了中国石油抚顺石化分公司石油一厂新区以沈阳、大庆混合原油的减二、减三线馏分油为原料,采用甲苯、甲乙酮脱蜡、糠醛精制、白土补充精制工艺生产HVI润滑油基础油的生产经验。并结合理论分析,提出了完善此类工艺的一系列建议。生产HVI200基础油,要求蒸馏减二线润滑油馏分粘度不大于4.75 mm2/s,脱蜡油粘度不大于56 mm2/s。为保证HVI200基础油粘度指数合格,要降低减二线馏分中多环环烷烃含量。     

西江和尼尔混合原油生产润滑油研究

在实验室采用溶剂精制、酮苯脱蜡、白土精制工艺,对西江和尼尔1：1混合原油减三线馏分油进行加工处理,以得到生产高品质润滑油基础油的工艺条件,为工业生产和改造提供必要的基础数据。将实验优化条件和工业连续生产数据进行对照,结果表明两者总体符合。     

伊朗原油生产润滑油基础油的工业试验

进行了伊朗原油减二、减三线、减四线及脱沥青油采用糠醛精制、酮苯脱蜡和白土精制传统加工工艺生产润滑油基础油的工业放大试验。结果表明,伊朗减二线及脱沥青油基础的粘度指数大于９０,与ＨＶ１１５０及ＨＶ１１５０ＢＳ基础油的具体指标有一定差距,其它质量指标分别达到ＨＶ１１５０和ＨＶ１１５０ＢＳ基础油的技术要求;伊朗减三线、减四线基础油的粘度指数小于９０,其它质量指标分别达到ＨＶ１４００和ＨＶ１６５０基础油的     

生产润滑油基础油溶剂精制工艺条件的研究

当今原油价格居高不下,炼好每吨油使工业生产效益最大化,是各石化企业的艰巨任务.文章旨在利用实验室润滑油溶剂精制评价方法,通过溶剂精制和白土补充精制对西江和尼尔(混合比为1∶ 1)减三线、减四线脱蜡油生产HVI基础油进行实验室的最优条件评选,为工业生产和改造提供必要的基础数据.本研究采用间歇模拟法[1]作为润滑油溶剂精制方法,选用油品族组成、油品理化性能等质量数据确定糠醛精制装置理论级数为三级;实验数据也表明用三级逆流萃取实验可以模拟生产中的糠醛精制过程.     

Clarified Oil from Fluid Catalytic Cracking as an Additional Source of Group II Base Oil Components

Abstract

Clarified oil (CLO) from a commercial fluid catalytic cracking unit was subjected to solvent extraction followed by solvent dewaxing and adsorption chromatography to analyze its various components for different end-use applications. The clarified oil was first solvent extracted using N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) to produce paraffinic rich raffinate (68.9 wt% yield). The raffinate thus obtained was dewaxed using methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) to get an oil of pour point 0°C. This dewaxed oil was then subjected to adsorption chromatography to determine group II base oil potential through yield v/s viscosity index (VI) curve. The results revealed that clarified oil has an actual potential of around 27.1 wt% of group II base oil components, suggesting that clarified oil can be used as an additional source of feed for production of group II base oil. This article also describes the potential of other components in clarified oil such as slack wax (24.2 wt%), aromatics (31.1 wt%), and low VI oil (17.6 wt%).     

辽河低凝原油润滑油糠醛精制油蜡含量分布研究

采用自行开发的润滑油蜡含量测定方法，考察了辽河低凝原油各润滑油馏分糠醛精制油在不同温度下的蜡含量分布情况。试验结果表明：辽河低凝原油润滑油糠醛精制油蜡含量很低，脱除少许环烷蜡即可生产出合格的LVI基础油，润滑油溶剂脱蜡有一最佳油剂比，随着脱蜡温度的下降，润滑油脱蜡量增加，脱蜡油凝点明显降低。     

润滑油基础油装置工艺流程优化及节能措施

中国石化济南分公司重质基础油光亮油生产工艺的“老三套”部分是在原糠醛精制、酮苯脱蜡和白土精制装置基础上扩建改造而来。由于原料性质及工艺流程的改变,各装置在开工初期均出现了流程不畅、操作不稳和能耗、物耗较高等问题。通过实施对糠醛装置空冷器流程及三效蒸发塔自压流程、酮苯装置换热流程、新鲜溶剂比的优化以及停加白土并实现酮苯脱蜡-白土装置热联合等技术改造,解决了上述问题,改造后直接经济效益达804. 27 万元/a。     

Non-Hydro Refining of Coker Diesel Oil

Abstract

Coker diesel oil is refined by extraction of furfural adding assistant in this study. The influences of different operating conditions, such as the amount of assistant, the solvent/oil ratio, the refining temperature, the refining time, and the settlement time, on the quality of refined oil were investigated in batch experiments, and suitable operating conditions under which coker diesel oil refined can meet product qualify specifications of 0# diesel oil were given out. These had been verified in continuous experiments, i.e., the amount of additive was 8 g/kg, the refining temperature was 70°C, the solvent/oil ratio (v) was 1.0, the settlement time was 30 min, and refining time was 30 min. The experimental results show that the influence of basic nitride on the stability of coker diesel oil is predominant.     

用SSOT降凝油生产TSA32汽轮机油

胜利炼油厂的SSOT临氢降凝油经间歇式白土精制工艺进行精制。在白土用量为 5 %左右时 ,即可制得质量优良的MVI15 0基础油。由此基础油调配出的TSA汽轮机油 ,其抗乳化、抗泡沫、防锈等性能达到了汽轮机油优级品要求 ,且其氧化 3 0 0 0h的酸值 (KOH)远小于 2 .0mg g ,符合TSA3 2汽轮机油GB1112 0 -89优级品要求。     

Studies on Pretreatment of Catalytic Cracking Slurry Oil with Added Furfural

Abstract:

In the experiment, the furfural added compound agent was applied to treat catalytic cracking slurry oil in order to utilize the saturated hydrocarbon and condensed-nuclei aromatics reasonably and soundly. The added agent could improve the dissolubility and selectivity of furfural and enhance the recovery and quality of treated oil. The optimum condition was as follows: compound ratio was 0.5:1; the added quantities were 8% relative to furfural volume; the temperature was 50°C; the solvent/oil ratio was 0.5:1. Under the condition, compared with that of furfural extraction, the recovery of treated oil was increased 14.8 wt%, the quality of treated oil also had been improved to some extent, and thus, the treated oil could be used as good stockfeed of catalytic cracking. The extract oil contained abundant condensed-nuclei aromatics, which could be used as good stockfeed to produce a high value-added chemical engineering product.     

异构脱蜡技术的工业应用

为了生产高档润滑油,大庆炼化公司引进了美国雪佛龙（Chevron)公司的异构脱蜡技术,应用结果表明,以650SN和150BS糠醛精制油,150SN和350SN酮苯脱蜡油及酮苯蜡下渍为原料,通过加氢预精制,异构脱蜡和加氢补充精制及分馏可以得到低倾点,高粘度指数,氧化安定性好的润滑油基础油,选择不同的原料,调整异构脱蜡操作的苛刻度,经调合可生产变压器油,白油和铝箔轧制油等。     

大庆,沙轻混合原油制取HVI基础油的工艺研究

用大庆及沙轻混合常压渣油为原料,通过减压蒸馏、溶剂脱沥青、溶剂脱蜡、糠醛精制、加氢补充精制的工艺,制取符合ＨＶＩ标准的基础油。     

加氢改质轻脱沥青油生产优化

将石蜡基南阳、江汉混合原油的减压渣油掺入到中间基管输原油的减压渣油中,拓宽了丙烷脱沥青的原料。丙烷脱沥青工艺通过提高混合溶剂中C4含量,同时提高沉降塔顶温度,获得加氢改质料轻脱沥青油质量和收率二者兼顾的生产优化效果。根据轻脱沥青油对糠醛的临界溶解温度调整糠醛精制装置的剂油比、塔顶温度和塔底温度,通过选用适宜的加氢改质反应温度、降低酮苯溶剂水含量、使用助滤剂等措施,提高了脱蜡油的收率。采用以上优化措施后,从拓宽原料的轻脱沥青油可以生产重质的润滑油基础油,并且综合收率有所提高。     

新疆原油润滑油馏分性质考察

在考察新疆各油田原油的润滑油馏分性质的基础上，进行了润滑油馏分酮苯脱蜡、糠醛精制、白土精制试验，并对上述工艺生产的润滑油基础油馏分进行了性质考察，为利用新疆各油区原油生产润滑油基础油提供了技术参考。     

中原原油生产润滑油

本文对中原混合原油生产润滑油，从常减压蒸馏到溶剂脱蜡、酸碱精制及白土补充精制等生产过程进行了阐述，并与川中原油生产润滑油进行了比较。     

液相脱氮-白土精制工艺应用于环烷基润滑油生产

以辽河环烷基原油各侧线糠醛精制油为原料，采用液相脱氮-白土精制组合工艺，在实验室内对脱氮剂进行了筛选，并对脱氮剂的加入量及液相脱氮的工艺条件进行了考察，并且组织了工业试生产，工业试生产结果重复了实验室的研究结果。工业生产结果表明：液相脱氮-白土精制工艺适用于环烷基润滑油的生产，与单纯的白土精制工艺相比，大大地提高了基础油的抗氧化安定性，改善了橡胶填充油的色泽，同时降低白土用量4％～7％，可提高基础油的收率0．9％～1．3％，大大地提高炼厂的整体经济效益。     

The Improvement of the Quality of Raffinate Obtained from Solvent Extraction of Lubricating Oils

Abstract

Vacuum distillates of an Egyptian crude oil were subjected to solvent extraction process applying N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and furfural as dearomatization solvents. The study shows that the extraction solvent together with the temperature and solvent-to-oil ratio have a significant effect on the yield and quality of produced lubricating oils. The optimum temperature for extracting light waxy distillates with NMP is 55°C at the solvent-to-feed ratio 2:1. These conditions are appropriate to remove the major portion of aromatics from the raffinate. The apparent activation energy (Ea), enthalpy (ΔH*), entropy (ΔS*), and free energy of activation (ΔG*) were calculated for the solvent dearomatization process.