利用地球化学方法进行油藏表征

地球化学用于油藏表征具有成本低、耗时短、精度高等多种优势。根据不同储层流动单元中储层流体的宏观组成和微观组成的差异性可直接判断油藏流体连通性,羊二庄油田羊二断块庄产层连通性判识证明了原油气相色谱指纹法的适用性。根据气相色谱指纹技术对板桥油田板834—1井的单层产能变化监测表明该技术不仅能对合采井进行单层产量贡献计算,还能对合采井进行动态监测,研究产能贡献变化趋势。利用原油中生物标志的相对含量与原油粘度的相关性．预测了冷43断块区的储集油粘度。并与地质条件相符合,为稠油开发方案的制订提供了定量依据。结合具体地质背景,油藏地球化学表征可为油田勘探开发方案的制订提供定量的科学依据。     

Utilization of Grid partitioning based Fuzzy inference system approach as a novel method to estimate solubility of hydrocarbons in carbon dioxide

Recently due to increasing demand for energy and declination of oil reservoir the researchers have been encouraged to investigate the enhancement of oil recovery (EOR) approaches. One of popular and wide applicable processes in EOR is carbon dioxide injection which is attractive for researchers and industries due to environmentally aspects, good efficiency in displacement and low cost. The carbon dioxide injection causes the hydrocarbons extracted from crude oil so the solubility of hydrocarbon in carbon dioxide which is one of the critical parameters affects this phenomenon becomes interesting topic for researchers. In the present work Grid partitioning based Fuzzy inference system approach as a new method for prediction of solubility of hydrocarbons in carbon dioxide as function of temperature, pressure and carbon number of alkane was applied. To show the accuracy of the model the coefficients of determination were determined as 0.9902 and 0.9584 for training and testing phases respectively.     

柴达木盆地北缘南八仙油气藏的蒸发分馏作用

对南八仙油气藏E₃¹与N₂²—N₁油层油气地球化学特征和油源的关系进行了分析,根据油气分异作用与其组成变化的相互关系研究了该油气藏的蒸发分馏作用,并从地质构造背景和油气及其烃源岩地化特征方面探讨了其成因机制.研究结果表明,虽然南八仙油气藏E₃¹与N₂²—N₁两层系的原油对比表明两者是同源,但它们在轻烃组成和正构烷烃系列分布上存在显著差异.E₃¹原油轻烃中正烷烃含量很少,而芳烃化合物含量异常高,其正烷烃摩尔分数对数曲线为折点在nC₁₀的折线,表明其经历了强烈的蒸发分馏作用.而N₂²—N₁原油轻烃中正烷烃占优势,高碳数化合物较少,说明该层原油是从E₃¹油气层通过蒸发分馏作用向上运移而来.该含油气构造带的断裂系统和高成熟的油气及其煤系烃源岩是导致蒸发分馏作用的主控因素     

柴油中正构烷烃碳数分布与柴油流动改进剂的分子设计

 为了研究柴油中正构烷烃碳数分布与低温流动改进剂(DFI)的结构和性能之间的关系,测定了8种柴油的正构烷烃含量及其碳数分布,并从统计学角度进行了详细的描述和分析,在显著性水平α =0.10下,计算得到了柴油中正构烷烃的平均相对分子质量、碳数分布方差和检验统计量χ²。通过比较多种低温流动改进剂在柴油中的降冷滤点(△T_CFPP)效果,发现流动改进剂对正构烷烃含量高、正构烷烃碳数分布方差较小、检验统计量χ²较大的柴油降冷滤点效果较差。流动改进剂对柴油降冷滤点效果与其分子中侧链长度和与其相对分子质量分布有关,因此流动改进剂分子设计应着眼于其结构和相对分子质量分布是否与柴油正构烷烃分布匹配。     

HPAM对表面活性剂-正构烷烃界面张力的影响

为获得超高分子量聚合物与表面活性剂之间的相互作用规律,考察了超高分子量部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）对阴离子型表面活性剂烷基苯磺酸盐及阴-非离子型表面活性剂烷基三氧乙烯羧酸盐与正构烷烃间界面张力的影响。结果表明,HPAM加量增大,单长链烷基苯磺酸盐与正壬烷间的界面张力先降低后增加最后趋于稳定,双长链烷基苯磺酸盐和烷基三氧乙烯基羧酸盐与正壬烷间的界面张力迅速增加并逐渐稳定;HPAM通过改变烷基苯磺酸盐和烷基三氧乙烯基羧酸盐界面膜排列结构影响其降低界面张力的能力;HPAM水溶性较强,能改变表面活性剂在油水相中的分配能力,油相烷烃碳数低时,增强表面活性剂亲水性,导致界面张力升高,油相烷烃碳数高时则影响不大。两种作用存在竞争关系,当表面活性剂界面活性较强时,HPAM对界面张力的影响主要通过改变界面膜排列结构来实现。图5 参13     

高压含气条件下含蜡原油析蜡点测量方法

针对常规方法只能测量地面脱气油的析蜡点,不能测量高压含气条件(油藏条件)下含蜡原油析蜡点的不足,提出了以Arrhenius方程为理论基础,利用高压毛细管黏度计测量高压含气条件下含蜡原油析蜡点的方法。实验结果表明,实验油样地面脱气后析蜡点为63.74℃,油藏条件下析蜡点为59.73℃,含蜡原油地面脱气后更容易析蜡。建议采用油藏条件下的析蜡点作为注水设计参数。     

直链烷烃的链长与若干热力学性质

在以前工作的基础上，建立了直链烷烃热压力系数与链长的关系式，得到了直链烷烃的恒温压缩系数，压与恒容比热容这差和内压力，并对这些性质与温度和链长的关系进行了讨论。     

A novel MLP approach for estimating asphaltene content of crude oil

ABSTRACT

Asphaltene is considering to be the most problematic part of oil that causes pipe plugging, permeability reduction, and ultimately loss of production through its separation process from oil body as result of any thermodynamic change. Its weight fraction is one of key inputs to any asphaltene related modeling, which requires an expensive and time consuming experimental procedure. In this research, for the first time a novel MLP-ANN structure is proposed to predict this critical parameter at wide range of operational conditions, with satisfactory precision. A dataset of over 300 experimental data was gathered from open literature and used to train and test the proposed construct. The results show network great performance and therefore, can be used as a universal tool to provide input for any asphaltene-related modeling, with assurance.     

原油生物降解模拟实验

为了查明原油在生物降解过程中化学组成的变化,在30℃恒温和有氧条件下,对渤中凹陷BZ36-2-1井和PL14-3-1井原油进行了生物降解模拟实验。实验结果表明,原始化学组成明显影响原油生物降解作用的进程,链烷烃浓度高的原油降解速度低于链烷烃浓度低的原油,低分子量正构烷烃先于中、高分子量正构烷烃被细菌降解。植烷系列抗生物降解能力强于正构烷烃系列,正构烷烃系列原始浓度高的原油其植烷系列受生物降解作用的时间晚于正构烷烃系列原始浓度低的原油。在生物降解作用的早期阶段,Pr/Ph几乎不受生物降解作用的影响,但Pr/nC17和Ph/nC18极易受到影响。因此,对生物降解原油而言,这些参数应该慎用。图4表3参14     

Prediction of asphaltene precipitation from n-alkane diluted crude oil by using PC-SAFT equation of state

The precipitation tendency of heavy organics such as asphaltene has posed great challenges for petroleum industry, and thus study of asphaltene precipitation amount and formation conditions seems to be necessary. One of the most common approaches for prediction of asphaltene precipitation is using thermodynamic models. In this study a PC-SAFT equation of state (EOS) is used to predict asphaltene precipitation in two Iranian dead oil samples. Asphaltene content is obtained by filtration method of the oil samples diluted with specific concentrations of different normal alkanes. Also liquid-liquid equilibrium is used for characterization of oil sample into one heavy phase (asphaltene) and another light phase (saturates, aromatics, and resin). Calculations show that the developed model is highly sensitive to interaction parameter between oil fractions. Prediction results were improved due to using Chueh-Prausnitz equation. The results indicate good potential of PC-SAFT EOS in the prediction of asphaltene precipitation in crude oil samples diluted with different normal alkanes. The model error is <5% and the model precision is increased by reducing the number of normal alkane carbons.     

莺-琼盆地原油的蒸发分馏作用

The tectonic and geochemical characteristics in the Ying-Qiong Basin were analysed. Based on the relationships between fractionation and compositional alteration of oil and gas, the evaporative fractionation in the Ying-Qiong Basin was studied. The genetic mechanism of the reservoir was investigated, according to the geological settings and geochemical features of hydrocarbon and source rocks. The research result shows the abundant diapiric structures and episodic migration of natural gas offered basic geological condition for evaporative fractionation of oils in the Ying-Qiong Basin. The benzene, methylbenzene and dimethylbenzene aromatic compounds was extraordinarily rich in crude oil and the light hydrocarbon was depleted in n-alkanes. The distribution curve of log molar fraction for n-alkanes had a distinct slope break point, suggesting that the strong evaporative fractionation happened in reservoirs and caused the differences of the oils. The crude oil in the Ying-Qiong Basin was mainly aromatic-riched remnant oil that suffered evaporative fractionation, and remind geologists to look for moiety which contained plentiful light hydrocarbon.     

莺-琼盆地原油的蒸发分馏作用

根据油气分异作用与其组成变化的相互关系研究莺-琼盆地油气藏的蒸发分馏作用,从地质背景和油气及其烃源岩地化特征方面探讨其成因机制。研究表明．莺-琼盆地发育的大量泥底辟构造以及天然气幕式运移为油气蒸发分馏作用提供了基本地质条件。原油分异常高的苯、甲苯以及二甲苯等芳烃化合物．但低碳数烃类有损失;正构烷烃摩尔分数对数曲线上有明显的折点．表明其经历过强烈的蒸发分馏作用．并引起原油地化特征的差异。油气藏经蒸发分馏作用后将形成残余的富含芳烃的“母体”和运移聚积后富舍轻烃的“子体”．但目前发现的油气藏以前者为主．寻找“子体”油气藏将是下一步的勘探方向。图1参12     

烷烃正常沸点与分子结构的拓扑相关性研究

以图论法为基础, 从分子的拓扑结构入手, 定 义了一个表征分子内聚力 的拓扑指数 Ｆ, 并和拓扑指数 Ｗ 、 Ｐ 一同运用于微观结构与物性关系的研究之中, 提出了一个预测 饱和烷烃正常沸点的准确 计算公式。用该式对６８ 种饱和烷烃沸点的预测结果, 与文献值相比较, 总的相对误差仅为０２８ ％ 。     

苏北盆地油源判别指标研究

苏北盆地有上白垩统泰州组二段、古新统阜宁组二段、四段3套油源,母岩干酪根性质和地质环境十分接近,通过一般的地球化学指标很难彻底区分它们,为此因地制宜采用了多参数联合图版以及正烷烃分布、原生甾烷分布、三芳甾系列、二甲基咔唑系列等指标,使3套油源达到有效区分。值得提出的是,用于运移研究的二甲基咔唑系列分布在同源油之间也表现出惊人的稳定性,并且提供出进一步细分油源的指纹信息。     

高温气相色谱法橡胶防护蜡碳数分布测定

采用高温气相色谱法测定橡胶防护蜡中的正构烷烃和非正构烷烃的碳数及含量。实验表明,气相色谱的最佳测定条件为柱初温:60℃,柱终温:360℃,升温速率:5～15℃/min,进样量:0.4μL,汽化室温度高于柱温3℃。在上述条件下,能使橡胶防护蜡中的各组份得到较好的分离,利用AgilentCerity工作站对测量数据进行处理,结合标样可完成橡胶防护蜡样品的定性和定量分析。