Aromatization of FCC Gasoline Over Modified HZSM-5 Catalyst

Zinc and phosphorus incorporated HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared by adopting incipient wet co-impregnation (Zn-P/HZSM-5). Zn-P/HZSM-5 catalyst exhibited the lowest acidity but the highest aromatization activity with stable performance in the studied period of 16 hr. The process conditions on aromatization reaction and the coke deactivation mechanism of Zn-P/HZSM-5 catalyst were studied on a small-scale, fixed bed reactor using FCC naphtha (75-120°C). The weight contents of ZnO and P₂O₅ were 2% and 4%, respectively. Results showed that Zn-P/HZSM-5 catalyst under a temperature of 450°C, liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h^-1, and pressure of 0.1 MPa, the conversions of olefins and alkanes are 96.77% and 88.94%, respectively, the contents of olefins, aromatics in liquid product are 6.79% and 74.57%, respectively. Carbon deposition was the major reason for catalyst deactivation due to the catalyst's good performance as a fresh catalyst after regeneration. All of the blending products fitted the standards of Chinese gasoline.     

Influence of ZnO and P2O5 Content on Modified HZSM-5 on Aromatization of FCC Gasoline

Abstract

Catalytic properties of different content of ZnO and P₂O₅ supported on HZSM-5 zeolites were studied in the conversion of FCC gasoline (75°C–120°C) into aromatic hydrocarbons with a temperature of 430°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 hr^?1, and a pressure of 0.1 MPa. In the reaction, when the contents of ZnO and P₂O₅ are 2% and 4%, respectively, Zn-P/HZSM-5 showed the highest selectivity and activity to aromatic hydrocarbons and conversion of olefins. The content of aromatics in the liquid product and the yield of aromatics reached as high as 94.53%, 68.87%, and 51.74%, respectively.     

催化裂化汽油馏分在P—Zn／HZSM-5催化剂上的芳构化

以50～100℃的FCC汽油馏分为原料,在连续固定床反应器上考察了工艺条件对P-Zn／HZSM-5催化剂在芳构化反应中性能的影响。结果表明,在反应温度410℃、反应压力0．5MPa、液时空速1．0h^-1的操作条件下,液相产物中的烯烃、异构烷烃和芳烃的含量分别为8．56％,13．07％,73．39％。催化剂P-Zn／HZSM-5具有较好的芳构化降烯烃效果。     

The Aromatization of Different FCC Naphtha Fractions over a P-Zn/HZSM-5 Catalyst

Abstract

The aromatization reaction performance of P-Zn/HZSM-5 catalyst was investigated on a fixed bed reactor using five fluid catalytic cracked (FCC) gasoline fractions (<100°C, 50°C–100°C, <120°C, 75°C–120°C, and full fraction) as feedstock, and the effect of feedstock on aromatization is discussed. The results showed that the activity and stability of P-Zn/HZSM-5 catalyst for the aromatization of the 50°C–100°C fraction were high in definite reaction conditions. After 16 hr, the content of olefin and aromatics in liquid product were 5.23 and 79.9%, respectively. The liquid product of low olefin and high aromatics was obtained. The distribution of benzene, toluene, and xylene in liquid product of 50°C–100°C fraction was investigated during aromatization, and the result showed that the toluene content was maximum among the three aromatics contents, the benzene content was minimum at the beginning of the reaction, xylene content became maximum, and benzene was still minimum after reacting for 20 hr. The content of C₉ ⁺ aromatics increased at the first stage of the reaction and then decreased with the increasing reaction time.     

水热处理对Zn-P/HZSM-5催化剂芳构化性能的影响

在不同温度下对HZSM-5分子筛进行水热处理并用浸渍法对其进行Zn和P改性,制备了Zn-P/HZSM-5催化剂;以流化催化裂化汽油50~100℃馏分为原料,考察了水热处理温度及水热处理顺序对Zn-P/HZSM-5催化剂芳构化性能的影响。实验结果表明,随水热处理温度的升高,催化剂的初始活性下降,而稳定性则先提高后降低;550℃水热处理后再经Zn和P改性的Zn-P/HZSM-5催化剂表现出较好的芳构化性能,在反应温度410℃、反应压力0.5M Pa、液态空速1.0h-1、反应时间16h的条件下,烯烃转化率、液相产物中芳烃质量分数及液相产物收率分别为90.26%,54.06%,74.62%;先对HZSM-5分子筛进行水热处理再用Zn和P对其改性的Zn-P/HZSM-5催化剂,比先用Zn和P对其改性而后进行水热处理的Zn-P/HZSM-5催化剂的活性和稳定性好。     

The Aromatization Properties of Nano-HZSM-5 Catalyst

Abstract

In this article, the influence of reaction conditions on the aromatization over nano-HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst was investigated. The experimental results showed that nano-HZSM-5 catalyst has the best aromatization properties under the optimal conditions: reaction temperature 430°C, reaction pressure 0.3 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity 1 h^?1. At the optimal operational conditions, the conversion of olefins in the feedstock was 76.15%. Aromatics yield and the content of olefins, content of aromatics, and content of isoparaffins in liquid product were up to 84.98%, 12.11%, 39.58%, and 35.23%, respectively.     

A Study on Modified HZSM-5 Aromatization for FCC Light Gasoline

Abstract

In this article, the HZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts modified with zinc nitrate and calcium nitrate are prepared by impregnation method. The FCC gasoline (<75°C fraction) is observed and studied on the modified HZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts. The results are that the Z _x -HZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts have a high initial aromatic yield but a rapid deactivation. The C _y -HZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts have a lower aromatic yield and a familiar deactivation comparing to Z _x -HZSM-5. The HZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts modified with bimetal zinc nitrate and calcium nitrate have a rather low initial aromatic yield but a long catalyst life; among them, the C_3.5Z_2.0HZSM-5 has the best performance. And also, the C_3.5Z_2.0HZSM-5 type zeolite catalyst has demonstrated good regenerated performance. After regenerated three times, the catalyst still has a good stability. The reaction operational conditions are also observed and studied. The results are that the optimal reaction temperature is 450–490°C, the liquid hours space velocity (LHSV) is 1 h^?1 and the reaction pressure is 0.1 MPa.     

Transformation of Cycloparaffin over Zeolite-Supported Metal Catalyst for Improving the Octane Number of Gasoline

Abstract

In order to improve the octane number of gasoline, Ni/HZSM-5 and NiMo/HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method, and their activities for hydrocracking, hydroisomerization, and aromatization were investigated by the transformation of cylcohexane. The experimental results show that the conversion of cyclohexane is affected greatly by the reaction temperature. The production of methyl-cyclopentane is the result of the hydroisomerization of cyclohexane. The olefin distribution reveals that the hydrocracking reaction of cyclohexane over acidic zeolite catalyst probably obeys the dimolecular mechanism and the C₅ and C₇ olefins come from the cracking of the dimer of cyclohexane. The activities of the presulfided Ni/HZSM-5 and NiMo/HZSM-5 catalyst for the transformation of cyclohexane were evaluated and the product selectivities for two presulfided catalysts are similar to those obtained over reduced Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst.     

Influence of ZnO and P2O5 Content on Modified HZSM-5 on Aromatization of FCC Gasoline

Catalytic properties of different content of ZnO and P₂O₅ supported on HZSM-5 zeolites were studied in the conversion of FCC gasoline (75°C-120°C) into aromatic hydrocarbons with a temperature of 430°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 hr^-1, and a pressure of 0.1 MPa. In the reaction, when the contents of ZnO and P₂O₅ are 2% and 4%, respectively, Zn-P/HZSM-5 showed the highest selectivity and activity to aromatic hydrocarbons and conversion of olefins. The content of aromatics in the liquid product and the yield of aromatics reached as high as 94.53%, 68.87%, and 51.74%, respectively.     

纳米HZSM-5沸石催化剂上催化裂化轻汽油的芳构化

利用小型固定床加压反应器在纳米 HZSM-5沸石催化剂上进行了流化催化裂化(FCC)轻汽油(馏出温度小于等于85℃的馏分)的芳构化反应。实验结果表明,在反应温度为360～400℃、反应压力为1.0～3.0 MPa、重时空速为1.0～4.0 h~(-1)、V(H_2)∶V(原料)为260、反应时间48 h 的条件下,FCC 轻汽油中的 C_5~+烯烃转化率为39.11%～97.92%,产物中芳烃净增量为2.59%～19.05%,说明 FCC 轻汽油可在纳米 HZSM-5沸石催化剂上有效进行芳构化反应。汽油收率低和催化剂失活快是 FCC轻汽油在纳米 HZSM-5沸石催化剂上进行芳构化反应需要解决的两个主要问题。对纳米 HZSM-5沸石催化剂进行必要的改性处理及脱除原料中的二烯烃杂质呵以改进 FCC 轻汽油芳构化催化剂的性能。     

锌改性HZSM-5催化正构烷烃临氢芳构化性能

采用等体积浸渍法制备不同ZnO负载量的Zn/HZSM-5系列催化剂,采用BET、XRD、TPD和Py-IR等方法对所制备催化剂表征分析;在5 mL固定床小型反应装置上,以正庚烷为原料对所制备的催化剂进行临氢芳构化活性评价,对评价后催化剂积炭形貌、积炭组成等进行分析表征.结果表明:HZSM-5催化剂用Zn改性可以调节酸性...     

FCC汽油不同馏分在P-Zn／HZSM-5上的芳构化研究

 在连续固定床反应器上考察了P-Zn/HZSM-5催化剂对FCC汽油不同馏分芳构化的反应性能，探讨了原料对芳构化反应的影响。结果表明，在一定的反应条件下，P-Zn/HZSM-5催化剂对50～100℃馏分芳构化反应具有很高的活性和稳定性。在反应16 h后，液相产品中烯烃及芳烃的质量分数分别为 5.23%和79.9%，得到了低烯烃、高芳烃的汽油调合产品。在50～100℃馏分芳构化反应中，液相产品中的苯、甲苯和二甲苯的含量分布会发生变化。反应进行4 h后，苯、甲苯和二甲苯的含量以甲苯、二甲苯、苯的顺序递减，而反应进行20 h后，由于催化剂积炭，改变为以二甲苯、甲苯、苯的顺序递减；C9+芳烃的含量则先增加后降低。     

Reducing Olefins Content of FCC Gasoline Using a NANO-HZSM-5 Catalyst

Abstract

The study of reducing olefins properties on nano-HZSM-5 catalyst was investigated with a continuous fixed reactor using fraction of fluid catalytic cracking gasoline (75N120°C). The experimental results showed that nano-HZSM-5 catalyst has the best reducing olefins properties under the optimal conditions: temperature 430°C, pressure 0.3 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity 1 h^?1, and the content of olefins in the feed stock decreased to 12.11% and dropped 31 percentage points. The yield of liquid product, the content of aromatics, and the content of isoalkane in liquid product are up to 84.98%, 39.58%, and 35.23% respectively.     

The Conversion of Syngas to Liquid Fuels in a Dual-Bed Single Reactor Process

The effects of HZSM-5 temperature and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on conversion of syngas to liquid fuels were investigated in a single reactor process. The temperature of FT catalyst was constant (463 K), whereas the temperature of HZSM-5 varied (523, 573, 623 K). The value of WHSV ranged between 16 and 24 h^?1. HZSM-5 addition suppressed the formation of CH₄ and remarkably enhanced the formation of iso-C₅-C₁₂ paraffins. An increase of HZSM-5 temperature resulted in an enhancement of gaseous hydrocarbons, C₁₈₊ paraffins, and olefins. The optimal HZSM-5 temperature and WHSV were identified as 523 K and 16 h^?1, respectively.     

FCC馏分油在MoP/HZSM-5催化剂上临氢芳构化研究

制备了MoP/HZSM-5催化剂，采用XRD进行表征。在反应温度400℃、压力1.0MP、体积空速1.0h-1、氢油比400:1的条件下，在小型固定床反应装置上进行催化裂化汽油中间馏分(50～100℃)的芳构化反应，考查了不同钼质量分数、n(Mo):n(P)的摩尔比和温度对反应的影响。结果表明，钼质量分数及n(Mo):n(P)的摩尔比对反应有明显的影响，适当增加磷含量能提高催化剂性能。MoP/HZSM-5在钼的质量分数为3%、n(Mo):n(P)=1.5，反应温度为400℃时，改性催化剂芳构化活性最佳,液相产品中芳烃质量分数为65.43%,烯烃质量分数为5.42%，液收为61.04%。     

Ga改性HZSM-5催化剂芳构化性能的考察

以不同温度水热处理的纳米HZSM-5为母体制备了Ga/HZSM-5催化剂,并对该催化剂在FCC汽油芳构化上的性能进行考察。结果表明：以600 oC水热处理、硝酸洗涤的HZSM-5为母体制备的Ga/HZSM-5（GaHS600）的芳构化性能最优,当温度为480 oC,WHSV为1 h-1时,GaHS600上所得产品中芳烃和（C3+C4）体积分数分别为58.3%和7.6%。在本实验考察条件下,金属二次改性对Ga/HZSM-5芳构化性能的提高并无有利影响。     

FCC Gasoline Hydroisomerization Over Pt/HZSM-5 Catalysts

Abstract

Pt/HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline hydroisomerization was prepared. The influence of calcinations and reduction conditions, the metal-incorporation technique, and metal loading on the hydroisomerization of FCC gasoline over the Pt/HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst was studied. The process opinion catalyst of FCC gasoline hydroisomerization was obtained under the condition of temperature 290–300°C; pressure 1.5–2.5 Mpa; liquid hour space velocity (LHSV) 2.0–3.0 hr^?1; V(H₂)/V(Oil) = 2.0–3.0. The results showed that calcination conditions have a significant influence on ion-exchanged catalysts, as they control the final metal distribution. The reduction conditions and the method used for platinum incorporation were found to be important factors that affected both the activity and selectivity of the catalysts. Pt/HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst possessed good activity for hydrogenation and isomerization. The olefin hydrocarbons of FCC gasoline were hydrogenated and the stability of FCC gasoline was improved under condition of unchanged octane number.     

Influence of Aromatization Reaction Conditions in the Presence of HZSM-5 Catalyst

Abstract

The reaction conditions include temperature, weight hourly space velocity (WHSV), catalyst loading amount Ga and Si/Al, vapor, calcination temperature, soaking order, pretreatment, oxygen, and microwave heating method. The study introduces the influence of aromatization reaction conditions over HZSM-5 catalyst in detail. The proper temperature, low weight hourly space velocity (WHSV), modified HZSM-5, non-oxygen and microwave heating method are beneficial to the aromatization reaction.     

An Orthogonal Method for Aromatization Reactions of Shenghua FCC Gasoline

Abstract

Using a confined fluidized bed reactor and aromatization catalysts (LBO-A and LBO-16), the aromatization performance of Shenghua fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline has been studied in an orthogonal method. The experimental results reveal that the optimum reaction condition for the light oil yield was reaction temperature 420°C, WHSV 40 h^?1, mass ratio catalyst to oil 4 and 75% LBO-A and 25% LBO-16; the optimum reaction condition for aromatics amount in the light oil was reaction temperature 420°C, WHSV 30 h^?1, mass ratio catalyst to oil 5 and 65% LBO-A and 35% LBO-16, the olefin content is remarkably reduced from about 54.7% to 12.8% and 8.7% (by mass), respectively, at the same time the reaction mechanism of aromatization reaction is put forward based on the experimental result.     

The Deactivation Factor of a ZnNi/HZSM-5 Catalyst During Aromatization

Abstract

The effect of Si/Al ratio and aluminum content of the catalysts of ZnNi/HZSM-5 for aromatization is investigated in this paper. In the experiment, acid content, acidity, metal phase, and pore structure are measured using XRD, ASAP2400, and TG. From the relation of deposited carbon and acid content, we know that carbon deposition is an important reason for deactivation of catalyst, because the high-molecular-weight and high-boiling-point deposited carbon can clog the pores and cover the acid centers. The loss of zinc is another reason for deactivation. Ni was selected to be the second modifying metal to make up the loss of zinc and was confirmed to have a better result. Through this research, we find the reason for short life and bad stability for the catalyst so that we can produce high-quality catalyst.