原油中C26－C28三芳甾烷相对含量计算方法及其应用

三芳甾烷（TAS）是规则甾烷芳构化产物,其中C₂₆-C₂₈三芳甾烷系列稳定分布于原油和烃源岩有机质中。在常规色谱-质谱分析得到的芳烃馏分（m/z231）质量色谱图上,由于C₂₆20R和C₂₇20STAS异构体共流出而不能确定3种不同碳数三芳甾烷的相对含量,无法建立类似于C₂₇-C₂₉规则甾烷的相对含量三角图,从而使三芳甾烷在油气地球化学中的应用受到限制。以塔里木盆地台盆区古生界代表性原油样品为例,建立了三芳甾烷相对含量三角图,并用北部湾盆地福山凹陷古近系原油进行了验证。结果表明:该区存在2种不同来源的原油,可以划分为2个不同的原油族群,而来自福山凹陷古近系的原油具有不同的C₂₆-C₂₈三芳甾烷组成特征,原油族群的划分也得到其他分子地球化学证据的支持。在高成熟的轻质油和凝析油中,规则甾烷系列由于浓度低而很难由常规的色谱-质谱分析技术进行检测和鉴定,三芳甾烷由于相对较高的热稳定性而稳定存在,因此可代替规则甾烷用于油-油对比和原油族群划分。      

Oil–source rock correlation and quantitative assessment of Ordovician mixed oils in the Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin

The origin of the marine oils in the Tarim Basin has long been a disputed topic. A total of 58 DST (drill stem test) crude oil and 8 rock samples were investigated using a comprehensive geochemical method to characterize and identify the origin of the Ordovician oils in the Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin, northwest China. Detailed oil–oil and oil–source rock correlations show that the majority of the oils have typical biomarker characteristics of the Middle-Upper Ordovician (O2+3) source rock and the related c...     

GEOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ORDOVICIAN OILS FROM THE TUOPUTAI REGION,NORTHERN TARIM BASIN,NW CHINA: SOURCE ROCK CORRELATION

Molecular and stable carbon isotope compositions of 46 Ordovician crude oil samples from wells in the Tuoputai region of the northern Tarim Basin were investigated using GC–MS, MRM GC–MS and IRMS to determine their genetic relationships and to identify possible source rocks. Thirty-three source rock samples from outcrops and cores were also investigated. The oil samples varied from light to heavy crudes and showed very narrow δ¹³C value ranges for the whole oil, saturated and aromatic fractions. The majority of the oils displayed very similar molecular compositions with relatively high concentrations of n-alkanes and isoprenoids and low concentrations of terpenoids and steroids. Comparison of the compositions of these crude oils strongly suggested their genetic affinity, while maturity parameters indicated maturity variations from the peak to the late oil generation stages. The samples also showed the characteristics of mixtures of biodegraded and fresh oil charges. Bitumen extracts from Cambrian and Ordovician source rocks were studied in detail. The oil compositions suggested a marine marl source deposited in anoxic, hypersaline conditions with significant bacterial and algal organic matter inputs. The distributions of C₂₆–C₂₈ triaromatic steroids, tricyclic terpanes and regular steranes appear to have been greatly influenced by thermal maturation, making them unreliable for correlating the oils and the source rocks. In contrast, dinosteranes and triaromatic dinosteroids seem not to have been affected by maturation and were more useful for correlation studies. They indicated that there was no or little genetic relationship between the Cambrian – Lower Ordovician source rocks and the oils, but in general suggested a possible Middle – Upper Ordovician source for the oil accumulations in the Tuoputai field. However, the occurrence of triaromatic dinosteroids in oil from well TP28XCX may also suggest a minor contribution from Cambrian – Lower Ordovician source rocks.     

Geochemistry characteristics of high-mature source rock extracts and using various approaches to discriminate the indigenity

A total of 11 core samples of Cambrian source rocks and 2 Cambrian-sourced crude oils (TD2, T904) were analyzed. High content of total organic matters indicates a good to excellent source rocks. However, high maturity was indicated by high T_max values and very low content of HI index and S₁+S_2. The relative intact alkanes can be detected in most samples with no odd/even predominance. A series of relatively high abundance of terpanes and steranes can be detected on m/z 191 and m/z 217 chromatograms, respectively. Ratios of C₂₁/C₂₃ tricyclic terpanes are greater than 1.0. All samples of Yuli 1 and Tadong 2 show high abundance of C₂₆～C₂₈ triaromatic steroids and triaromatic dinosteroids, with ratios of (C₂₆+C₂₇) TAS/C₂₈TAS and TDSI greater than 1.0 and 0.62, respectively. Oil source rocks correlation between sampled rock extracts and typical Cambrian oils reveals that high-postmature Cambrian source rock extracts are well consistent with those two typical Cambrian oils that are usually used as end members oils represented by Cambrian-sourced oils. Three approaches were proposed to discriminate indigenity of high-postmature source rocks.     

塔里木盆地寒武系源岩地化特征及与典型海相原油对比

对27件塔里木盆地台盆区寒武系烃源岩样品进行地球化学分析及油源对比表明,寒武系烃源岩具有低姥植比、C₂₁三环萜烷/C₂₃三环萜烷比值大于1、升藿烷含量低甚至不含、伽马蜡烷含量高、C₂₈规则甾烷相对含量高、C₂₇三芳甾烷相对含量高、三芳甲藻甾烷含量高及同位素偏重等特征。寒武系烃源岩与典型寒武系、奥陶系原油油岩对比分析表明,寒武系烃源岩与T904和TD2等典型寒武系原油具有良好的亲缘性,而与台盆区大量发现的奥陶系油藏原油并无相关性,从而否定了寒武系烃源岩作为台盆区海相原油主力烃源岩的可能性。此外,塔西北地区柯坪隆起肖尔布拉克、东二沟及苏盖特布拉克等剖面烃源岩样品在生源构成上与台盆区其余寒武系烃源岩有一定差异,其母源有机质可能与奥陶系原油母源有机质具有部分相同的菌藻类构成。     

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷二叠系烃源岩三芳甾烷分布特征及油源对比

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷二叠系风城组、乌尔禾组和其他不同层系原油中普遍检测出三芳甾烷(TAS)和三芳甲藻甾烷系列。基于多口井的原油和14块代表性烃源岩样品的芳烃组分色谱-质谱资料,系统分析其TAS组成特征,并将其用于油源对比研究。结果表明：TAS分布特征可以有效区分准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷二叠系风城组烃源岩和乌尔禾组烃源岩。风城组烃源岩中TAS具有C₂₆-20S含量低、C₂₇-20R含量高的分布特征,并且几乎不含有三芳甲藻甾烷;而乌尔禾组烃源岩中TAS具有相反的分布特征,即C₂₆-20S相对丰度较高,C₂₇-20R相对丰度较低,并且具有分布完整的三芳甲藻甾烷系列。玛湖凹陷不同层系原油TAS分布特征基本一致,主要表现为C₂₆-20S含量低,C₂₇-20R含量高,三芳甲藻甾烷含量低或者未检测出,与风城组烃源岩分布特征相似。应用C₂₆-20S/C₂₈-20S TAS与C₂₇-20R/C₂₈     

哈拉哈塘凹陷奥陶系原油芳烃生物标志物特征及油源

哈拉哈塘凹陷是近些年的勘探热点地区,为了进一步明确其原油母源输入、沉积环境、成熟度和可能烃源层,对26个哈拉哈塘凹陷和塔河奥陶系原油样品、4个台盆区烃源岩样品进行了系统的芳烃生物标志物分析。研究结果表明,哈拉哈塘原油均具有高萘、高菲、低联苯、贫1,2,5-和1,2,7-三甲基萘而富1,3,6-三甲基萘、高4-MDBT/DBT和（2+3）-MDBT/DBT比值、轻芳烃碳同位素的特点,与塔河奥陶系原油非常相似,反映出其属于典型的海相成因,且以低等藻类和细菌占生源优势。高丰度的二苯并噻吩和较低的DBT/P、Pr/Ph比值,指示其源岩沉积于强还原的碳酸盐沉积环境。等效镜质体反射率R_c1和R_c2揭示哈拉哈塘原油成熟演化处于中等-较高范畴。甲基三芳甾烷异构体组成型式对比表明,中-上奥陶统烃源岩与哈拉哈塘和塔河奥陶系原油对比良好,推测其为本区奥陶系原油的烃源层。     

塔河油田奥陶系原油C_(26)降胆甾烷分布特征及地质意义

塔河油田奥陶系原油中都检测出丰富的C26降胆甾烷系列。大多数原油24-降胆甾烷含量相对27-降胆甾烷低,而九区T904和塔东地区TD2井原油24-降胆甾烷含量相对较高。以LN46、BD2等井为代表的上奥陶统灰岩、泥灰岩具有类似于塔河油田奥陶系原油的C26降胆甾烷分布特征,而以TD2井、和4井及柯坪露头为代表的寒武系黑色泥岩和灰色灰岩具有类似于T904和TD2井原油的C26降胆甾烷分布特征。该文提出判识寒武系烃源层油气来源的C26降胆甾烷地球化学判识标准为:NCR[24/(24+27)-降胆甾烷]0.50,NDR[24/(24+27)-降重排胆甾烷]0.35;上奥陶统烃源层油气来源的C26降胆甾烷判识标准为:NCR0.40,NDR0.35。结果表明C26降胆甾烷不仅是塔河油田奥陶系油藏进行原油族群划分的特征分子标志物,也为研究硅藻、沟鞭藻等藻类的起源和演化以及塔里木盆地古板块构造运动提供了有力的分子地球化学证据。     

Geochemical investigation of Yamama crude oils and their inferred source rocks in the Mesopotamian Basin,Southern Iraq

Ten oil samples from the Yamama reservoirs and ten extracts of purported source rocks from sixteen wells in the Mesopotamian Basin, Southern Iraq have been analyzed using GC, GC/MS and Stable Carbon Isotope. Yamama oils were non-biodegraded, moderate to higher maturity based on C₂₇Ts of range from 0.17 to 0.77and TAS3 of 0.3 to 0.63, marine carbonate and marl source rocks, deposited under saline, anoxic conditions. Two oil groups were investigated based on the results of the geochemical analysis. These oils have similarly biomarkers ratios to those of the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous source rocks in the Mesopotamian Basin.     

Distribution and geochemical significance of phenylphenanthrenes and their isomers in selected oils and rock extracts from the Tarim Basin,NW China

Twenty-two oil samples and eight source rock samples collected from the Tarim Basin,NW China were geochemically analyzed to investigate the occurrence and distribution of phenylphenanthrene(PhP),phenylanthracene(PhA),and binaphthyl(BiN) isomers and methylphenanthrene(MP) isomers in oils and rock extracts with different depositional environments.Phenylphenanthrenes are present in significant abundance in Mesozoic lacustrine mudstones and related oils.The relative concentrations of PhPs are quite low or below detection limit by routine gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) in Ordovician oils derived from marine carbonates.The ratio of 3-PhP/3-MP was used in this study to describe the relative abundance of phenylphenanthrenes to their alkylated counterparts-methylphenanthrenes.The Ordovician oils in the Tabei Uplifthave quite low 3-PhP/3-MP ratios(0.10),indicating their marine carbonate origin,associating with low Pr/Ph ratios(pristane/phytane),high ADBT/ADBF values(relative abundance of alkylated dibenzothiophenes to alkylated dibenzofurans),low C_(30) diahopane/C_(30)hopane ratios,and low Ts/(Ts+Tm)(18α-22,29,30-trisnorneohopane/(18α-22,29,30-trisnorneohopane+17α-22,29,30-trisnorhopane)) values.In contrast,the oils from Mesozoic and Paleogene sandstone reservoirs and related Mesozoic lacustrine mudstones have relatively higher 3-PhP/3-MP ratios(0.10),associating with high Pr/Pli,low ADBT/ADBF.high Ts/(Ts + Tm).and C_(30) diahopane/C_(30) hopane ratios.Therefore,the occuirence of significant amounts of phenylphenanthreiies in oils typically indicates that the organic matter of the source rocks was deposited in a suboxic environment with mudstone deposition.The phenylphenanthreiies may be effective molecular markers,indicating depositional environment and lithology of source rocks.     

塔里木盆地西南部皮山北新1井白垩系油气成因

皮山北新1井位于塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡皮山北1号背斜构造高部位,该井在白垩系获得油气,但油气源存在较大争议。原油轻烃特征表明,该井原油具有Ⅰ型母质类型来源的特征;原油饱和烃特征表明,生烃母质以泥质岩为主,但与塔河、玉北奥陶系原油有一定差异。原油二维色谱分析表明,该井原油与玉北、塔河、巴楚泥盆系原油均位于海相泥页岩的范畴;原油碳同位素特征表明,该井原油母质类型差于玉北奥陶系及巴楚巴什托石炭系原油。该井原油成熟度高于玉北奥陶系原油。通过该井白垩系油气与其周缘塔西南4套主力烃源岩生标特征的对比,认为皮山北新1井白垩系原油主要来源于塔西南海相石炭系烃源岩;天然气生源母质类型与塔西南柯克亚气田类似,有侏罗系腐殖型有机质来源天然气的贡献。皮山北新1井白垩系新层系油气成因研究将有助于拓展塔西南中新生界碎屑岩油气勘探领域。      

SEVERE BIODEGRADATION OF CRUDE OILS FROM THE QUIRIQUIRE FIELD,EASTERN VENEZUELAN BASIN

Five crude oil samples from the Quiriquire field (Maturin sub-basin, Eastern Venezuelan Basin) were analysed to evaluate their levels of biodegradation. The oils were obtained from coarse sandstones and conglomerates of the Pliocene Quiriquire Formation at depths <1000 m. Analyses of the samples’ bulk physicochemical parameters indicate variations in API gravity and in the content of saturated hydrocarbons and NSO+asphaltenes, and also in the saturate/aromatic ratio which increases in more biodegraded oils. n-Alkane distributions are characterized by a dominant unresolved complex mixture (UCM) or hump under an envelope of peaks which lack the acyclic isoprenoids pristane and phytane. The alteration of steranes and terpanes together with the presence of 25-norhopanes and 17-nor-tricyclic terpanes, and the alteration of low molecular-weight (C₂₀-C₂₁) triaromatic steroids, phenanthrene, methyl-phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene and methyl-dibenzothiophene, indicate that the oils have undergone severe biodegradation. The oils contain compounds with different susceptibilities to biodegradation which is probably a consequence of the mixing of different oil charges in the Quiriquire Formation reservoir. The oils were derived from underlying source rocks in the Upper Cretaceous Guayuta Group (Querecual and San Antonio Formations), and migration into the shallow reservoir at Quiriquire field likely occurred continuously through time. Although the oils have undergone severe biodegradation, it was possible to make some inferences about their origin. Thus, the analyzed oils are interpreted to have originated from marine shale or marl source rocks containing mixed organic matter deposited under anoxic-suboxic conditions and were generated at near peak oil window maturities.     

GENETIC CLASSIFICATION OF OIL FAMILIES IN THE CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN SECTORS OF THE GULF OF SUEZ,EGYPT

The results of geochemical analyses were used to classify ten oil samples from six fields in the central and southern sectors of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. The samples were collected from sandstone pay‐zones ranging in age from Early Palaeozoic (Nubia‐C) to Miocene (Kareem Formation) at various present‐day depths. Molecular and stable isotope analyses indicate the presence of two genetic oil families (Families I and II) and suggest their probable source rocks. The biomarker characteristics of Family 1 oils include low Pr/Ph ratio, CPI < 1.0, depleted rearranged steranes, very low diahopane concentrations, high sulphur content, high metal content and V/Ni ratio, low oleanane index, abundance of gammacerane and C₂₇ steranes, and high relative abundance of homohopanes and C₃₀ 24‐n‐propylcholestanes. Source rock deposition took place under anoxic marine‐carbonate and hypersaline conditions. The NCR and NDR 24‐norcholestane ratios together with the presence of highly‐branched isoprenoids in this oil family are consistent with Upper Cretaceous – Lower Paleogene source rocks. These characteristics suggest that the Upper Cretaceous Duwi Formation/Brown Limestone or Lower Eocene Thebes Formation are the source rocks for the oils in this family, which occur in the central sector of the Gulf of Suez. Family II oils have geochemical characteristics that point to a mature source rock deposited in a weakly reducing or suboxic setting under normal salinity conditions. Abundant oleananes, high 24‐ to 27‐norcholestane ratios and abundant C₂₅ highly‐branched isoprenoids suggest a Paleogene source rock. The Lower Miocene Rudeis Formation is the best candidate to have generated these oils which occur in the southern sector of the Gulf of Suez.     

ORIGIN OF CRUDE OILS IN OMAN

The petroleum geochemistry of Oman provides a picture of considerable variey, since crude oils and their source rocks are found both throughout the country and throughout the stratigraphic column from the Infra-Cambrian to the Tertiary. This paper reviews the geological history history of the area and places the petroleum geochemistry within the geological context. The oils can be geochemically classified into five groups. Three groups can be related to god oil source rocks found in the pre-Cambrian Huqf Group, the Silurian Safiq and the Cretaceous Natin Formation. Another group of oils probably originates from the Upper Jurassic Diyab Formations, while the fifth group of crudes (named ‘Q’) cannot be correlated to a known source rock, but is inferred to have originated from an unsampled Huqf level. The “Huqf oils” are those that have been correlated to known Infra-Cambrian Huaf source rocks, and are characterized by a strong C₂₉ sterane predonominance and very light carbon isotope values of around-36.0%. In contrast, the ‘Q’ crudes, drived from the unknown source are characterized by a C₂₇ strerane predominance and carbon istope ratios of around -30.5%. Both the Huaf and ‘Q’ crudes also contain a series of characteristic compounds referred to as the ‘X’ compounds (all isomers of methyle and dimethyl alkanes). Oils reasoned to originate from Silurian Safiq source rocks have a week C₂₉ sterane precominance, a significant content of rearranged steranes and carbon isotope ratios of -30.5%. The oils thought to originate from the Jurassic Diyab Formation have a similar sterane distribution but heavier carbon isotope values of around -26.5%. Finally, the crude oils from the mid-Cretaceous Naith Formation source rocks are characteirzed by steranes with an equivalent distribution of C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ isomers, and carbon isotope values of around -26.9%. These variations in biomarker distributions and carbon isotope values are sufficiently distinct to ensure a high degree of certainty in the grouping of the crude oils.     

CHARGING OF ORDOVICIAN RESERVOIRS IN THE HALAHATANG DEPRESSION (TARIM BASIN,NW CHINA) DETERMINED BY OIL GEOCHEMISTRY

Petroleum at Halahatang oilfield in the Halahatang Depression (Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin, NW China) occurs within calcarenites and bioclastic limestones in the Middle Ordovician Yijianfang Formation (O_2yj). The petroleum is sourced from intervals in the Upper Ordovician Lianglitage Formation (O_3l), and reservoirs are sealed by Upper Ordovician – Silurian argillaceous limestones and marls. The charging history of Halahatang oilfield is however poorly understood. For this study, the geochemical characteristics of 17 oils from Ordovician reservoir rocks at Halahatang field were investigated by GC and GC‐MS. Oil‐oil correlation studies indicate that all the oils belong to a single mature oil population. Based on the co‐occurrence of an intact n‐alkanes series together with an unresolved complex mixture (UCM) and fully‐developed 25‐norhopanes in the same oil samples, as well as a bimodal distribution of homogenisation temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions, it was concluded that the reservoir experienced two separate oil charge events. 1D basin modelling indicates that the early phase of charging occurred from about 412 to 409 Ma and the later phase from 11 to 9 Ma. Using molecular parameters as tracing indicators, the general direction of oil charging was deduced to be from south to north. The source kitchen is therefore inferred to be located to the south of the Halahatang oilfield, probably in the Shuntuoguole Uplift between the Awati and Manjiaer Depressions.     

塔里木盆地北部哈拉哈塘凹陷海相油气特征与成因

哈拉哈塘凹陷作为塔北隆起西部的重要油气单元,其奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层中油气资源丰富,但呈现多相态分布,油气性质变化成因尚不明确。通过详细的地球化学分析揭示了该区油气特征与成因。油—油、油—岩对比表明,原油与中—上奥陶统烃源岩特征更为相近,指示具有成因联系;正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素对比显示,可能有寒武系烃源岩的成烃贡献。哈拉哈塘原油具有相对较高的硫芴含量,C29和C35藿烷相对含量也较高,暗示有碳酸盐岩烃源岩的成烃贡献。傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICR MS)分析表明,哈拉哈塘地区原油中低热稳定性硫化物含量不高,表明当前没有明显的TSR改造迹象。综合分析认为,源岩成熟度是控制深部高气油比原油形成的重要因素,而生物降解等次生作用是控制相对浅层重质油和H2S形成的重要因素。     

塔河油田奥陶系原油芳烃地球化学特征

芳烃化合物是原油中重要的组分,在判识原油生源环境和成熟度方面应用广泛.塔河油田主体区奥陶系原油遭受过强烈的生物降解作用,常用的饱和烃生物标志化合物指标往往不能正确反映原油成熟度、运移等信息,芳烃化合物能有效抵制生物降解作用,可更好地反映这些地质信息.通过芳烃GC-MS分析,表明塔河奥陶系原油具有高萘、高菲、高硫芴、低氧芴、低联苯等特点,均来自同一油源,生烃母质属还原-强还原环境.烷基萘指数、二苯并噻吩和三芳甾烷等成熟度指标表明,塔河油田奥陶系原油成熟度由西向东、由北向南不断增高,反映出奥陶系油气主要来自沙雅隆起东南部的满加尔坳陷.      

BIOMARKER CHARACTERISTICS OF CRUDE OILS FROM THE MURZUQ BASIN,SW LIBYA

Twenty crude oil samples from the Murzuq Basin, SW Libya (A‐, R‐ and I‐Fields in Blocks NC115 and NC186) have been investigated by a variety of organic geochemical methods. Based on biomarker distributions (e.g. n‐alkanes, isoprenoids, terpanes and steranes), the source of the oils is interpreted to be composed of mixed marine/terrigenous organic matter. The values of the Pr/Ph ratio (1.36–2.1), C₃₀‐diahopane / C₂₉ Ts ratio and diasterane / sterane ratio, together with the low values of the C₂₉/ C₃₀‐hopane ratio and the cross‐plot of the dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene ratio (DBT/P) versus Pr/Ph ratio in most of oil samples, suggest that the oils were sourced from marine clay‐rich sediments deposited in mild anoxic depositional environments. Assessment of thermal maturity based on phenanthrenes, aromatic steroids (e.g. monoaromatic (MA) and triaromatic (TA) steroid hydrocarbons), together with terpanes, and diasterane/sterane ratios, indicates that crude oils from A‐Field are at high levels of thermal maturity, while oils from Rand I‐Fields are at intermediate levels of thermal maturity. Based on the distributions of n‐alkanes and the absence of 25‐norhopanes in all of the crude oils analysed, none of the oils appear to have been biodegraded. Correlation of the crude oils points to a single genetic family and this is supported by the stable carbon isotope values. The oils can be divided into two sub‐families based on the differences in maturities, as shown in a Pr/nC₁₇ versus Ph/nC₁₈ cross‐plot. Sub‐family‐A is represented by the highly mature oils from A‐Field. Sub‐family‐B comprises the less mature oils from R‐ and I‐Fields. The two sub‐families may represent different source kitchens of different thermal maturity or different migration pathways. In summary, the geochemical characteristics of oil samples from A‐, R‐, and I‐Fields suggest that all the crude oils were generated from similar source rocks. Depositional environment conditions and advanced thermal maturities of these oils are consistent with previously published geochemical interpretations of the Rhuddanian “hot shale” in the Tanezzuft Formation, which is thought to be the main source rock in the Murzuq Basin.     

Geochemical characterization of aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils from the Tarim,Qaidam and Turpan Basins, NW China

Based on the systematic study of aromatic hydrocarbons in over 100 crude oil samples collected from the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts in the Tarim Basin, the western depression area in the Qaidam Basin and the Tabei depression in the Turpan Basin, the geochemical characteristics of the marine (Tarim Basin), saline lacustrine (Qaidam Basin), and swamp (Turpan Basin) oils were investigated. The marine oils from the Tarim basin are characterized by relatively low abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl and naphthalene, and relatively high abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons including phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene and fluorene. In contrast, the swamp oils from the Turpan Basin are dominated by the highest relative abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons and the lowest relative abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons in all the oil samples in this study. The relative abundance of diaromatic and triaromatic hydrocarbons in the saline lacustrine oils from Qaidam Basin is between that in Tarim oils and Turpan oils. Aromatic parameters based on the isomer distributions of dimethylnaphthalenes (DMN), trimethylnaphthalenes (TMN), tetramethylnaphthalenes (TeMN) and methylphenanthrenes (MP), i.e., 1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene(TMN)/1,3,6-TMN ratio, 1,2,7-TMN/1,3,7- TMN ratio, (2,6- +2,7-)-dimethylnaphthalenes (DMN)/1,6-DMN ratio, 1,3,7-TMN/(1,2,5- +1,3,7-)-TMN, 1,3,6,7-TeMN/(1,3,6,7- +1,2,5,6- +1,2,3,5-)-TeMN ratio and MP index, may reflect the diversity of organic source input, thermal maturity and depositional environments. In addition, the dibenzothiophenes (DBTs)/fluorenes(Fs) and dibenzofurans (DBFs)/Fs ratios were found to the very useful and effective in determining genetic types of crude oils for the marine, saline lacustrine, and swamp depositional environments, and for oil-oil correlations.     

Geochemical characterization of aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils from the Tarim,Qaidam and Turpan Basins,NW China

Based on the systematic study of aromatic hydrocarbons in over 100 crude oil samples collected from the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts in the Tarim Basin, the western depression area in the Qaidam Basin and the Tabei depression in the Turpan Basin, the geochemical characteristics of the marine (Tarim Basin), saline lacustrine (Qaidam Basin), and swamp (Turpan Basin) oils were investigated. The marine oils from the Tarim basin are characterized by relatively low abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl and naphthalene, and relatively high abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons including phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene and fluorene. In contrast, the swamp oils from the Turpan Basin are dominated by the highest relative abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons and the lowest relative abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons in all the oil samples in this study. The relative abundance of diaromatic and triaromatic hydrocarbons in the saline lacustrine oils from Qaidam Basin is between that in Tarim oils and Turpan oils. Aromatic parameters based on the isomer distributions of dimethylnaphthalenes (DMN), trimethylnaphthalenes (TMN), tetramethylnaphthalenes (TeMN) and methylphenanthrenes (MP), i.e., 1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene(TMN)/1,3,6-TMN ratio, 1,2,7-TMN/1,3,7-TMN ratio, (2,6-+2,7-)-dimethylnaphthalenes (DMN)/1,6-DMN ratio, 1,3,7-TMN/(1,2,5- +1,3,7-)-TMN, 1,3,6,7-TeMN/(1,3,6,7- +1,2,5,6- +1,2,3,5-)-TeMN ratio and MP index, may reflect the diversity of organic source input, thermal maturity and depositional environments. In addition, the dibenzothiophenes (DBTs)/fluorenes(Fs) and dibenzofurans (DBFs)/Fs ratios were found to the very useful and effective in determining genetic types of crude oils for the marine, saline lacustrine, and swamp depositional environments, and for oil-oil correlations.