Comparison of Biotribology of Swine Compact Bone Against UHMWPE

A pin-on-disk tribometer was used, in a comparative test to observe the tribological behavior of the swine femoral bone against UHMWPE with dry friction, physiological water and human plasma lubrication. The wear mechanisms of swine bones and UHMWPE were investigated by SEM. The experimental results of these wear tests demonstrated that both the friction coefficient and wear rate of UHMWPE were the lowest when human plasma lubrication was used. The wear mechanism of the compact bone was mainly fatigue wear with dry friction, corrosive wear under physiological water lubrication and abrasive wear with human plasma lubrication. For UHMWPE, the wear mechanism was adhesive wear and plastic deformation with dry friction, serious ploughing and fatigue fracture wear under physiological water lubrication, fine ploughing and plastic deformation with human plasma lubrication. An analysis of nitrogen elements on the wear surface of UHMWPE indicated that the content of nitrogen in worn areas was 16 times higher than that in unworn areas, which proved that serum protein deposition occurred on worn areas.     

纳米羟基磷灰石复合陶瓷生物摩擦学行为研究

采用沉淀法合成了纳米羟基磷灰石（HA）粉体，无压烧结工艺制备了HA／PSZ陶瓷复合材料．利用材料试验分析系统（MTS）和纳米硬度分析测试系统（Triboindenter）测定了复合材料的宏观和微观力学性能，用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了血浆润滑条件下复合材料的生物摩擦学性能，探讨了力学性能与摩擦学性能之间的关系．结果表明，无压烧结HA／PSZ复合陶瓷材料断裂韧性比纯HA陶瓷提高近2．7倍，弯曲强度提高近1倍．纳米硬度最高值为10．6GPa，纳米弹性模量为156．OGPa．血浆润滑条件下，HA／PSZ陶瓷和UHMWPE摩擦副的摩擦系数与HA的含量有关，UHMWPE的磨损率与HA／psz复合陶瓷摩擦副的硬度和断裂韧性存在反比关系．     

Friction and Wear Behavior of GCrl5 Under Multiple Movement Condition

Friction and wear of GCr15 under cross-sliding condition is tested on a ball-on-disc wear test machine. This result shows that the cross-sliding of friction pair leads to different friction and wear behavior. For the condition described in this paper, the friction coefficients with ball reciprocating are smaller than that without ball reciprocating. The friction coefficients increase with the increase of reciprocating frequency.. The wear weight loss of the ball subjected reciprocating sliding decreases, however, the wear weight loss of disc against the reciprocating ball increases. In cross-sliding friction, the worn surfaces of the ball show crinkle appearance along the circumferential sliding traces. Delaminating of small strip debris is formed along the plowing traces on the disc worn surface. The plowing furrow on the disc surfaces looks deeper and wider than that without reciprocating sliding. The size of wear particles from cross-sliding wear is larger than those without reciprocating sliding.     

Comparison of the Wear Behavior of UHMWPE Lubricated by Human Plasma and Brine

The effect of plasma and brine lubricants on the friction and wear behavior of UHMWPE were studied by using the geometry of a Si3N4 ball sliding on a UHMWPE disc under patterns of uni-directional reciprocation and bi-directional sliding motions. The worn surface and wear particles produced in these two lubricants were analyzed. Sliding motion pattern affected the friction coefficients lubricated with plasma, while seldom affected that lubricated with brine. UHMWPE lubricated with plasma showed about half of the wear rate of that lubricated with brine. The two rates were 0.75 pg/m and 2.19 pg/m for the two motion patterns, respectively. However, wear particles generated in plasma included a greater amount of small particles, compared to that in brine. In uni-directional reciprocation, the main wear mechanism is ploughing both in plasma and in brine. In bi-directional sliding modes, the significant characteristic is ripples on the worn surface in plasma, while there are oriented fibers on the worn surface in brine.     

Friction and Wear Behavior of GCr15 Under Multiple Movement Condition

1 IntroductionThe friction and wear behavior of metals underuni-directional sliding has been widely studied eitherby ball-on-disc or by block-on-ring test machines[1].In practical applications, however, we will usuallymeet cross-sliding condition. For example, compositefretting wear of a ball on disc includes the tangentialfretting and the radial fretting [2] .Zhu et al[3-4] stud-ied the composite fretting wear behaviors of GCr15bearing steel and 7075 aluminum alloys. In slidingbearing, the …     

氮化硅基陶瓷的摩擦磨损特性研究

采用热压烧结方法制备氮化硅和氮化硅基两种陶瓷。利用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机对氮化硅陶瓷摩擦副在室温干摩擦环境中的摩擦磨损特性试验研究。结果表明：在相同的试验条件下,加入TiC颗粒改善了Si3N4陶瓷的脆性,但耐磨性能提高不大,磨损率略优于Si3N4。Si3N4的磨损主要是磨粒磨损和脆性剥落,而TiC复合材料的磨损表现为磨粒磨损和TiC颗粒的剥落,之后剥落的TiC颗粒又作为磨粒对试样产生更大的磨损,所以导致磨损率提高。     

纳米填料增强UHMWPE–橡胶水润滑摩擦学性能

为了研究水润滑条件下试验载荷和速度对纳米填料（Nano-SiC）改性超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）/橡胶复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,通过高温混炼、热压成型制备Nano-SiC辅以聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）填充改性UHMWPE/橡胶复合材料。采用MRH-3型环-块摩擦实验机探究四种不同载荷条件下改性复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,采用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和非接触光学三维轮廓仪对试样微观磨损表面形貌分析,从微观层面探究改性复合材料的摩擦机理。试验结果表明：在定载变速条件下,速度由0.02m/s升到3.59m/s时,改性复合材料的动摩擦系数波动幅度与静摩擦系数均呈现大幅下降趋势,粘-滑现象（Stick-Slip Phenomenon）减弱,摩擦系数波动归于平稳;试验载荷和纳米粒子含量的变化与试样摩擦磨损程度呈负相关,在水润滑条件下,随着纳米粒子含量增加,摩擦系数与磨损率均出现明显降低,填充比例为5%的复合材料摩擦学性能最佳,摩擦系数整体较UHMWPE/橡胶材料降低35%,磨损率降低46.6%,磨损表面形貌也随之发生改变;随着载荷的增加,复合材料的磨损率从1.25×10-6mm3/(Nm)降至0.4×10-6mm3/(Nm)。Nano-SiC的含量与工况载荷压力对摩擦磨损均存在一定影响,即填充适量Nano-SiC的UHMWPE/橡胶复合材料与一定工况压力下的对偶钢环组成的摩擦配副能改善摩擦环境,减轻粘-滑现象,有利于减小材料的磨损。     

Tribological performances of Si3N4 ceramic in vacuum

The ceramic material,due to its finer mechanicalcapabilities,is noticed widely by engineers and used inmany fields such as automobile industry,chemical in-dustry,aviation and space flight[1,2].As space explo-ration expands,the investigation on tribological proper-ties of ceramic material in vacuum is recognized.Thegrease is easy to evaporate in vacuum,which can pol-lute nearby apparatuses and meters and even causetheir failure,so many parts of a spacecraft cannot belubricated with grease[3].A …     

以乳化液润滑时灰铸铁/Si3N4间配副的摩擦磨损行为

研究了以乳化液和蒸馏水作润滑剂时Si     

水润滑下陶瓷与灰铸铁副的滑动磨损特性

研究了在蒸馏水润滑下Si3N4、Al2O3陶瓷与灰铸铁副的摩擦磨损特性。结果表明：Al2O3陶瓷的磨损体积损失远小于Si3N4的,但灰铸铁与Si3N4配副时的磨损体积损失却大大小于与Al2O3配副时的,其摩擦系数也很小（0．02）。用SEM观察磨损形貌,发现灰铸铁与Si3N4配副时Si3N4磨面极其光滑,与其对应的灰铸铁磨面上存在含石墨的润滑膜。     

γ射线辐照交联超高分子量聚乙烯的摩擦学性能

采用不同剂量γ射线对UHMWPE进行表面辐照处理,制备了辐照交联UHMWPE材料,测定了其结晶度和表面硬度.利用UMT-II型摩擦磨损试验机,考察了25%小牛血清润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能.实验结果表明：随γ射线辐照剂量的增加,交联UHMWPE的结晶度和表面硬度均增大,二者具有相同的变化规律;小牛血清润滑条件下,交联UHMWPE的摩擦系数高于未辐照样品,但辐照UHMWPE的磨损率降低,耐磨损性能明显提高;未辐照样品的磨损机理主要表现为粘着磨损和塑性变形,辐照样品则表现为疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损.     

Wear mechanism for spray deposited Al-Si/SiC_p composites under dry sliding condition

Al-Si/15%SiCp(volume fraction) composites with different silicon contents were fabricated by spray deposition technique, and typical microstructures of these composites were studied by optical microscopy(OM). Dry sliding wear tests were carried out using a block-on-ring wear machine to investigate the effect of applied load range of 10-220 N on the wear and friction behavior of these composites sliding against SAE 52100 grade bearing steel. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis(EDAX) were utilized to examine the morphologies of the worn surfaces in order to observe the wear characteristics and investigate the wear mechanism. The results show that the wear behavior of these composites is dependent on the silicon content in the matrix alloy and the applied load. Al-Si/15%SiCp composites with higher silicon content exhibit better wear resistance in the applied load range. Under lower loads, the major wear mechanisms are oxidation wear and abrasive wear for all tested composites. Under higher loads, severe adhesive wear becomes the main wear mechanisms for Al-7Si/15%SiCp and Al-13Si/15%SiCp composites, while Al-20Si/15%SiCp presents a compound wear mechanism, consisting of oxidation, abrasive wear and adhesion wear.     

Si3N4陶瓷摩擦学的研究和发展

综述了近年来Ｓｉ３Ｎ４ 陶瓷摩擦学研究的发展现状,总结了在干摩擦和润滑的条件下Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷的摩擦磨损性能、磨损机理以及影响其摩擦磨损性能的因素,提出了今后应重视的几个研究课题．     

Tribological properties of TiAl-Ti3SiC2 composites

The tribological properties of TiAl-Ti_3SiC_2 composites （TMC） against Si_3N_4 ceramic ball pair at room temperature were investigated through the determination of friction coefficients and wear rates, and the morphologies and compositions of wear debris, worn surfaces of TMC and Si_3N_4 ceramic ball were analyzed. The experimental results showed that TMC with 15wt% Ti_3SiC_2 exhibited relatively excellent tribological properties. The solid-phase self-lubricating tribo-layers formed on the worn surfaces of both TMC with 15wt% Ti, SiC, and Si,NA ceramic ball, which was beneficial to the lower friction coefficient and wear rate.     

碳化铬-镍铬涂层对几种陶瓷的滑动摩擦磨损

在ＭＭ－２００块－环接触磨损试验机上，测定了等离子喷涂碳化铬－镍铬涂层对烧结Ａｌ２Ｏ３、热压烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４、ＳｉＣ和等离子喷涂ＴｉＯ２涂层等四种陶瓷材料在干摩擦条件下的滑动摩擦系数和磨损量；利用ＳＥＭ、ＥＤＡＸ和ＸＲＤ等技术，观察和分析了摩擦副材料在磨损后的形貌、物质转移和物相转变；讨论了摩擦副材料的显微结构和某些物理性能、机械性能对碳化铬－镍铬涂层摩擦磨损行为的影响，结果表明：涂层与不同陶瓷对磨，不仅其磨损量相差很大，而且其摩擦磨损机理也不相同，摩擦磨损过程中对磨材料向涂层表面的转移，有利于提高涂层的耐磨能力。配对陶瓷的显微颗粒尺寸和弹性模量愈小，导热系数愈高，则与碳化铬－镍铬涂层的配对性能愈好。     

聚氨酯陶瓷复合材料浆体磨损性能研究

用聚四氢呋喃醚二醇与甲苯二异氰酸酯反应后,分别与Si3N4陶瓷粉、TiO2陶瓷粉末进行共混,制得耐磨蚀聚氨酯/Si3N4和聚氨酯/TiO2陶瓷复合材料,评价了这两种材料的耐磨性,通过扫描电镜观察了复合材料的磨损形貌,探讨了Si3N4和TiO2陶瓷粉末增强聚氨酯弹性体的磨损机理。结果表明:Si3N4粉末在质量分数为10%时,复合材料的耐磨性最好,是2Cr13钢的7.8倍,是45#钢的12.5倍,是纯聚氨酯的1.87倍。当TiO2陶瓷粉末在质量分数为8%时,复合材料的耐磨性最好,聚氨酯/TiO2陶瓷复合材料的抗冲蚀磨损性能分别是2Cr13钢的5.3倍,是45号钢的8.5倍,是纯聚氨酯的1.28倍。陶瓷粉末的加入有效提高了材料的抗冲蚀磨损性。     

Tribological Properties of Polyvinyl Mcohol Hydrogel Reinforced with Nanometer Hydroxy Apatite

As a potential artificial cartilage material,the friction and wear properties of nano-hydroxy apatite(HA)particles filled poly(vinyl alcohol)hydrogel(PVA-H)composites sliding against stainless steel disk under water lubrication condition were studied by using a four ball tester.The worn surfaces were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to determine the wear mechanisms.Experimental results show that filling HA to PVA-H will slightly increase the friction coefficient of composites with the increasing of HA content under water lubrication condition.Meanwhile,HA particles can greatly reduce the wear mass loss of the PVA-H composites and enhance the load carrying capacity,the wear loss of the 1 wt% HA reinforced PVA-H composites can be decreased by 30 percent under 2.0 MPa to 50 percent under 0.5 MPa contact pressure.We also found that 2 wt% HA content of composites increase the wear mass loss under the same condition.SEM examination shows that the worn surface of low HA containing(1 wt%)composites are much smoother than that of pure PVA-H or high HA containing(2 wt%)composites under 1.5 MPa contact pressure.It is also found that there are big hole and big reunited HA particles in the surface of 2 wt% HA containing composites,which leads to deterioration of the surface of samples under higher loads in water lubrication.These results may be useful in the tribological design of artificial articular cartilage material.     

GCr15球-盘点接触摩擦副的滑滚摩擦磨损特性研究

选用GCr15钢盘和GCr15球作为摩擦副,在NGY‐6纳米润滑膜测量仪上开展球‐盘点接触摩擦副在润滑状态下的滑滚摩擦磨损实验,研究不同接触应力、钢球转速、滑滚比等参数对摩擦副的摩擦因数、磨损形貌的影响规律．结果表明：当接触应力和钢球转速一定时,摩擦因数随着滑滚比的增大而逐渐增加后达到稳定状态;当滑滚比一定时,摩擦因数随接触应力的增大而逐渐增大;当钢球转速低于300 r／min时,摩擦因数随着钢球转速的增大而减小;当钢球转速高于300 r／min、接触应力大于0．84 GPa时,摩擦因数随着钢球转速的增大而呈增大趋势．Stribeck曲线表明：当滑滚比为0．01时,摩擦副处于流体动压润滑状态;当滑滚比为0．03时,润滑状态随Sommerfield参数的增加而从边界润滑过渡到混合润滑;当滑滚比分别为0．05、0．1、0．3、0．5时,润滑状态为边界润滑．滑滚比较小时,磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主,随着滑滚比的增大,磨损机制转变为磨粒磨损．     

纳米Si3N4颗粒填充铸型尼龙的摩擦学性能研究

为了研究纳米Si3N4颗粒作为填料对铸型尼龙（MC尼龙）的摩擦磨损性能的影响，选用两种复合材料在MM－200摩擦磨损试验机上进行了试验研究，并借助于扫描电镜观察了磨损形貌，探讨了磨损机理，研究结果表明，在干摩擦条件下，Si3N4颗粒填MC尼龙与钢环对摩的摩擦数随载荷的升高而降低，在相同载荷时均高于纯尼龙，在一定的滑动速度下，Si3N4颗粒填充MC尼龙的耐磨性能与载荷大小有关，当载荷较低时，复合材料的耐磨性能比纯尼龙好，其磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，当载荷较高时，复合材料的耐磨性能不如纯尼龙，其磨损机理主要是疲劳剥落，并有磨粒磨损和粘着磨损。     

改性UHMWPE塑料的摩擦磨损性能研究

分别研究MoS2、PTFE和石墨对UHMWPE耐摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:在载荷200 N,转速400 r/min的试验条件下,UHMWPE/石墨、UHMWPE、UHMWPE/MoS2和UHMWPE/PTFE的平均摩擦系数分别为0.27,0.30,0.35和0.39。掺杂石墨(质量分数9%)降低了UHMWPE的摩擦系数,在试验过程中减少了由于摩擦而产生的热量,从而提高了UHMWPE/石墨复合材料的耐磨性能。