基于磁流变技术的发动机隔振控制

悬置阻尼和刚度可调对发动机在宽频范围内实现积极隔振具有重要意义.在建立发动机3自由度隔振模型基础上,提出用可调阻尼的磁流变阻尼器和可调刚度的磁流变弹性体构成磁流变并联悬置系统,以降低发动机对基座的垂向传递力和抑制横向动反力矩为目标,设计出用仿人智能思想在线修改参数的垂直隔振模糊自适应控制器,并对各磁流变并联悬置的刚度和阻尼进行协调控制.用Matlab对发动机整机隔振进行仿真,搭建出发动机隔振台架试验系统,在宽频激励条件下对不同悬置的隔振效果进行对比研究.仿真表明基于磁流变并联悬置的发动机隔振控制具有明显的优势,台架试验结果表明相对于橡胶和液压悬置,磁流变液悬置能在较宽频范围把力和力矩的绝对传递率降低到约30%以内,可提高乘坐舒适性.     

磁流变液悬置用于发动机隔振模糊控制

设计了一种基于圆盘挤压模式磁流变悬置,利用试验方法得出了不同激励频率条件下磁流变悬置的循环耗散功与励磁电流的关系.利用磁流变悬置,建立了发动机振动半主动控制的研究模型.提出了一种模糊控制方法,利用转速、加速度和动态拉压力传感器,借助美国国家仪器公司的数据采集和实时控制器,构建了发动机隔振模糊控制试验系统,并开展了怠速和常用工况条件下的发动机振动隔离控制试验研究.研究结果表明,与橡胶悬置相比,基于磁流变悬置的模糊控制系统,能够降低发动机动态激振力传递到支承,并且低转速条件下的振动隔离效果优于高转速条件下的.     

汽车发动机磁流变悬置动特性研究

针对某型号动力总成,基于阻尼可控、宽频隔振的思想,设计具有解耦膜、可控阻尼通道结构的磁流变悬置新型结构,使磁流变悬置在低频、大振幅时,具有高刚度大阻尼特性,高频、小振幅时,具有低刚度、小阻尼特性,同时悬置的高频动态硬化被有效抑制。采用键合图理论,根据磁流变悬置在不同激振条件下的实际工作状态,建立分段式动态特性集总参数模型,利用键合图理论推导了磁流变悬置的状态方程,并对磁流变悬置的动特性进行了仿真分析与试验验证。结果表明:在0~200 Hz频率范围内,该磁流变悬置具有良好的动态性能,能满足发动机的隔振需求,并论证了分段式磁流变悬置集总参数模型的有效性。     

汽车发动机磁流变悬置动特性及PID控制研究

针对发动机悬置怠速工况下的隔振问题,结合磁流变液体的流变特性,在已有磁流变发动机悬置的基础上改进了悬置结构,设计了带有多个惯性通道的磁流变半主动悬置,建立其力学模型,推导动刚度和阻尼滞后角的表达式,应用软件编制程序对悬置动特性进行仿真,并用试验的方法验证了单惯性通道悬置模型的正确性;建立了考虑悬架等效刚度和等效阻尼的二自由度模型,借助于Matlab/Simulink仿真模块搭建其仿真模型,对该二自由度系统的PID控制进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,磁流变悬置在PID控制作用下有一定的隔振效果,能够改善车辆平顺性。     

Fuzzy-PID切换控制在磁流变半主动悬置系统中的应用

建立了一种新型动力总成磁流变悬置的动力学模型,并对其进行动态特性试验。通过数值拟合方法对试验数据进行拟合,得到了电流与可控阻尼力的关系式,为磁流变悬置的控制应用提供了理论模型。考虑车辆悬架系统的等效刚度和阻尼,建立了磁流变半主动悬置系统模型。设计了磁流变半主动悬置Fuzzy-PID切换控制系统,对不同工况下磁流变半主动悬置系统的隔振特性进行了仿真研究,结果表明应用Fuzzy-PID切换控制的磁流变半主动悬置系统具有良好的隔振效果。     

键合图理论在发动机电流变液力悬置中的应用

针对发动机宽频振动的特性,设计开发了一种电流变液力悬置。对键合图理论和电流变液力悬置结构进行了介绍,结合悬置的力学模型,建立了电流变液力悬置的键合图模型,并对模型分析得到状态方程。利用Adams 软件进行仿真分析,比较得出电流变液力悬置比普通液力悬置的隔振性能的优越之处。     

基于ADAMS软件的发动机右悬置总成优化设计

运用MSC Adams/view建立汽车发动机悬置系统多体动力学模型,对发动机悬置系统进行匹配设计,以满足频率合理分布、模态振型解藕、限位等诸多设计要求.通过对发动机右悬置刚度的优化,改善了发动机悬置系统的隔振性能,降低了整车怠速振动,并进行了试验验证.     

重卡驾驶室半主动悬置控制方法

为了抑制在路面激励下某型重卡驾驶室的振动加速度响应,研究基于磁流变阻尼器驾驶室半主动悬置系统的控制方法。建立了重卡驾驶室半主动悬置集中质量动力学模型,分别采用比例积分微分(proportion integration differentiation,简称PID)控制理论和模糊最优控制理论设计控制器,并利用磁流变阻尼器动力特性实验数据对模糊最优控制器的参数进行优化。以驾驶室质心垂直、侧倾及俯仰3个方向加速度为控制目标,利用ADAMS/Simulink联合仿真方法,对比分析PID控制和模糊最优两种控制策略与被动状态下重卡驾驶室悬置振动控制效果。针对实际重卡进行不同速度路面激励下的振动控制实验。仿真和实验结果表明,采用PID和模糊最优控制方法均能有效抑制重卡驾驶室半主动悬置的振动加速度响应,其中模糊最优控制效果总体优于PID控制。     

含MRD的拖拉机驾驶室悬置系统半主动控制研究

提出一种含磁流变减振器(MRD)的拖拉机驾驶室悬置系统,针对MRD的阻尼非线性力学特性,基于双曲正切函数建立了MRD阻尼力Tanh函数模型。根据MRD阻尼力输出特性试验数据,采用遗传算法有效辨识了模型中的相关参数。为实现MRD阻尼力的有效控制,结合简化的Tanh函数模型,提出一种MRD阻尼力反馈线性化控制方法。建立了拖拉机车架-驾驶室-座椅系统状态空间数学模型,基于振动传递特性,确定了驾驶室悬置系统隔振性能评价指标。以振动响应量最小为控制目标,利用最优控制理论进行了MRD阻尼力控制器设计,实现MRD阻尼力的最优调节。仿真计算结果表明,所设计的控制器能够有效提高含MRD的拖拉机驾驶室悬置系统隔振性能。     

发动机半主动控制液力悬置动特性仿真研究

发动机悬置是隔离发动机振动向驾驶室和基础传递的隔振元件,其设计的优劣直接影响汽车的乘坐舒适性.笔者基于流体力学理论,研究发动机液力悬置惯性通道内阻尼力,对液力悬置建立力学模型和数学模型,进行动特性仿真,从流体力学的角度分析液力悬置的结构参数和液力参数对其动态特性的影响.进行液力悬置的台架试验,确定较可行的惯性通道半主动控制式液力悬置的控制律,从而在较宽的频带内,达到良好的隔振效果.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.