改性煤气化灰渣吸附重金属离子的研究

以煤气化灰渣为原料,采用酸改性法(HF酸)制备改性煤气化灰渣。通过静态实验研究了改性煤气化灰渣对溶液中Pb⁽²⁺⁾、Cu(2+)、Cu⁽²⁺⁾、Cd(2+)、Cd⁽²⁺⁾的吸附特性,测定了溶液pH值、吸附时间、金属离子初始浓度对吸附的影响。结果表明,二级动力学方程很好的描述溶液中重金属离子在改性煤气化灰渣上的吸附过程;吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,Pb(2+)的吸附特性,测定了溶液pH值、吸附时间、金属离子初始浓度对吸附的影响。结果表明,二级动力学方程很好的描述溶液中重金属离子在改性煤气化灰渣上的吸附过程;吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,Pb⁽²⁺⁾、Cu(2+)、Cu⁽²⁺⁾、Cd(2+)、Cd⁽²⁺⁾的静态饱和吸附量分别为112.07,40.18,31.21 mg/g。     

改性黏胶纤维对重金属离子的吸附性能研究

将黏胶纤维在一定条件下进行羧甲基化改性,探讨了改性黏胶纤维对重金属离子Cu2+、Ni2+的吸附性能,以及黏胶的取代度、pH值、吸附温度及吸附时间对吸附性能的影响,同时研究了吸附动力学。结果表明,改性黏胶对两种离子都有良好的吸附性能,其中Ni2+的最佳吸附条件为:pH=5,温度50℃,饱和吸附量167 mg/g;Cu2+的最佳吸附条件为:pH=4~5,饱和吸附量108 mg/g;吸附重金属离子的改性黏胶纤维在pH<2时迅速解析,可循环利用。     

改性羽毛对重金属吸附性能的研究

用稀碱液及ＣＳ２将羽毛改性,用于处理含重金属离子的废水,结果表明生羽毛能有效地吸附Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋等重金属离子,并可进行再生循环使用。     

超声波协同改性煤气化灰渣调理污泥脱水性能研究

以污泥比阻(SRF)和毛细吸水时间(CST)作为污泥脱水性能指标,探讨超声波与改性煤气化灰渣协同作用对污泥脱水性能影响。结果表明,单独超声波调理污泥,超声波功率60 W,超声波作用时间20 s为最佳调理参数;单独改性煤气化灰渣调理污泥,最佳投加量为20%;采用超声波协同改性煤气化灰渣调理污泥的最优参数为:超声波功率60 W,作用时间30 s,改性煤气化灰渣投加量30%。     

超声波协同改性煤气化灰渣调理污泥脱水性能研究

以污泥比阻(SRF)和毛细吸水时间(CST)作为污泥脱水性能指标,探讨超声波与改性煤气化灰渣协同作用对污泥脱水性能影响。结果表明,单独超声波调理污泥,超声波功率60 W,超声波作用时间20 s为最佳调理参数;单独改性煤气化灰渣调理污泥,最佳投加量为20%;采用超声波协同改性煤气化灰渣调理污泥的最优参数为:超声波功率60 W,作用时间30 s,改性煤气化灰渣投加量30%。     

改性介孔硅对重金属离子的吸附及影响

近年来,随着我国经济的飞速发展,我国对水质要求逐渐提高,对水中重金属离子的去除更加重视。传统的吸附剂由于吸附能力有限,寻找新型的高效吸附剂已成为新型吸附材料领域的研究热点。多级孔二氧化硅材料具有不同等级尺度的孔道结构、较高的比表面积和孔体积等优点,但其对水中重金属离子的吸附效果并不明显,所以使用硅烷试剂对其改性,提高其对水中重金属离子的吸附能力,探讨一种利用改性介孔硅吸附剂处理废水中重金属离子的经济高效的方法。     

改性壳聚糖对废水中重金属离子的吸附研究进展

介绍了壳聚糖的结构特点及其在重金属吸附领域中的应用前景,分析了传统壳聚糖存在化学选择性差、吸附容量低、化学性质不稳定、适宜pH值范围小等缺陷,综述了壳聚糖常用的物理、化学改性方法,阐述了改性壳聚糖在工业废水、采矿废水及放射废水等环境水体吸附处理中的应用,并对未来发展方向作了进一步的展望。     

改性油页岩灰渣处理近岸高盐度重金属废水的性能研究

高盐废水中若含有重金属元素,含盐重金属废水中成分复杂,重金属离子会与其发生反应,生成各种复杂的化合物,使废水中毒性成倍增加.作为一种重要的补充资源,油页岩的储量巨大且其开采量也巨大,产生的油页岩灰渣作为一种工业危险固体废物,因其疏松多孔和孔隙率高的特性,使其具有重要的利用价值.本文以吉林桦甸油页岩发电厂产生的油页岩灰渣...     

壳聚糖吸附重金属离子的研究

为了处理工业废水中重金属,在实验室条件下,对自制壳聚糖吸附重金属离子的规律进行了研究,提出了壳聚糖吸附模拟废水中的Cd^2＋、Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋的最佳条件。结果表明,在脱乙酰度为90%,粘度为100 cP·s的壳聚糖吸附Cd^2＋、Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋过程中,吸附效果与壳聚糖的用量、吸附时间、溶液pH值有关,这3种因素对壳聚糖吸附重金属的吸附率影响显著。提出实验室条件下自制壳聚糖对Cd^2＋、Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋的最佳吸附条件,即壳聚糖吸附Cd^2＋的最佳条件：用量为10 g/L,吸附时间1 m in,溶液pH=8;吸附Pb^2＋用量为10g/L,吸附时间60 m in,溶液pH=6;吸附Cu^2＋用量10 g/L,吸附时间1 m in,溶液pH=5,为含有Cd^2＋、Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋重金属离子的工业废水的处理提供了小试基础,同时使得壳聚糖作为吸附剂新材料的应用有了进一步的发展。     

海藻酸钠基吸附材料去除水中重金属离子的研究进展

重金属污染是当今工业发展所面临的一个重要环境问题之一,由于吸附法具有原材料来源广泛、价格低廉、可循环利用等特征,被认为是一种绿色环保的重金属离子去除方法.海藻酸钠是一种天然多糖,其表面存在大量对重金属离子吸附能力优良的羟基和羧基,目前已被广大科研人员用于实验室吸附材料的制备及研究.通过表面嫁接、交联等改性手段制备的海藻...     

不同变质程度超微煤粉对重金属离子的吸附性能

重金属离子由于具有毒性、难以生物降解且可在生物体内累积,严重威胁人类的身体健康。吸附是去除重金属离子的一种可行有效的方法。本文选择褐煤、烟煤、无烟煤3种变质程度不同的煤种,通过高能球磨获得超微煤粉。研究了3种超微煤粉对水溶液中Ni²⁺和Cr⁶⁺的吸附动力学与热力学以及投加量与pH值对吸附效果的影响。结果表明3种煤粉对Ni²⁺、Cr⁶⁺的吸附量均随时间的增加而增加,并且Ni²⁺的处理效果明显好于Cr⁶⁺,在180min时褐煤、无烟煤与烟煤对Ni²⁺、Cr⁶⁺的吸附量分别为3.906mg/g、3.582mg/g、2.983mg/g和1.953mg/g、1.774mg/g、0.487mg/g。3种煤粉对两种重金属离子的吸附均符合二级吸附动力学和Freundlich等温式,随着投加量与pH值的增加,去除效果增加,在相同条件下,褐煤的吸附效果优于烟煤与无烟煤。     

磺化煤对重金属离子的吸附效果研究

磺化煤是一种价格低廉、原料广泛的具有较强吸附性能的新型吸附剂。介绍了磺化煤的制备方法采用静态法测定了磺化煤对几种重金属离子的吸附量,结果显示吸附量的顺序为Pb^2 ＞Cu^2 ＞Ni^2 ＞Zn^2 。研究了吸附时间、pH值对吸附量的影响及磺化煤在电镀废水处理中的实际应用效果,探讨了磺化煤吸附重金属离子的机理。结果表明,pH值是影响磺化煤吸附作用的主要因素,且其对实际电镀废水的吸附净化效果较好,对重金属的去除率高达99％、     

Adsorption of heavy metal cations using coal fly ash modified by hydrothermal method

In this study, the adsorption properties of synthetic zeolite produced from Brazilian coal fly ash were investigated for some heavy metal cations (Zn, Cu, Mn and Pb). The batch method has been employed, using metal concentrations in solution ranging from 100 to 3000 mg/l. Preliminary statistical analysis has indicated that temperature and time of synthesis of zeolites were the most important variables that affect the their adsorption capacity. Results lead to the conclusion that a hydrothermal treatment can increase from 2 to 25 times the adsorption capacity (CA) of the coal ash comparing to its original capacity. The ion-exchange characteristic of the zeolites was determined using Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich isotherms. The adsorption increases as cation concentrations in aqueous solution increases. The preference order observed for adsorption is Pb > Cu > Zn > Mn.     

Occurrence,leaching behavior,and detoxification of heavy metal Cr in coal gasification slag

Coal gasification slag(CGS) is a type of solid waste produced during coal gasification, in which heavy metals severely restrict its resource utilization. In this work, the mineral occurrence and distribution of typical heavy metal Cr in CGS is investigated. The leaching behavior of Cr under different conditions is studied in detail. Acid leaching–selective oxidation–coprecipitation method is proposed based on the characteristics of Cr in CGS. The detoxification of Cr in CGS is realized, and the ...     

改性煤气化渣负载ZnO复合材料制备及其光催化性质

以水热法制备纳米ZnO棒,并将其负载于改性过后的煤气化渣(CGS)上合成ZnO/CGS复合材料.采用FTIR、XRD、SEM、DRS和BET等手段表征其结构、组成、形貌和孔径大小.利用ZnO/CGS复合材料降解亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液,分析了催化剂的种类、ρ(MB)和p H值对催化效果的影响.结果表明,0.1 g ZnO/...     

Binding of heavy metal ions by chemically modified woods

Three chemically modified woods were prepared and used for the binding of heavy metal ions. Wood–polythylenimine composite (wood–PEI) was found to be effective for the adsorption of heavy metal ions such as Hg²⁺, Cu²⁺, and other metal ions which tend to form stable ammine complexes. Adsorption of metal ions on a wood–PEI derivative containing dithiocarbamate group (DTC–wood) was higher than that by wood–PEI. Especially, the reactivity of DTC–wood with Hg²⁺ was quite high and the binding capacity of about 5 mmol/g was easily attainable. The rate of adsorption on these wood-based adsorbents was very high, and adsorption of about 70% of total binding capacity was accomplished in the first 1 h. This may be due to a highly porous structure and a hydrophilic nature of the wood which constitutes the skeleton of the adsorbents. Amidoximated wood (AO–wood) prepared by the reaction of cyanoethylated wood with hydroxylamine showed selective adsorptivity for uranium in sea water. More than 53% of uranium in the sea water used was adsorbed by the AO–wood.     

啤酒酵母对重金属离子的吸附和解吸效果影响的实验研究

以固定化的啤酒酵母作为生物吸附剂,海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇作为包埋剂,研究了pH值、ρ(初始重金属离子)、ρ(菌体)、吸附时间、吸附温度对吸附Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Cd2+的影响,并进行了解吸剂及其质量浓度对固定化啤酒酵母解吸影响的研究.研究结果表明,在pH值=5.5,ρ(菌体)=20 g/L,吸附时间2h,吸附温度...     

Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by fly ash

The removal characteristics of lead and copper ions from aqueous solution by fly ash were investigated under various conditions of contact time, pH and temperature. The influence of pH of the metal ion solutions on the uptake levels of the metal ions by fly ash were carried out between pH 4 and 12. The level of uptake of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions by the fly ash generally increased, but not in a progressive manner, at higher pH values. The effect of temperature on the uptake of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions was investigated between 30 °C and 60 °C, the adsorption of being enhanced at the lowest temperature. Rate constants were evaluated in terms of a first-order kinetics. The rate constant, k for uptake of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions were 1.77 × 10⁻² s⁻¹ and 2.11 × 10⁻² s⁻¹, respectively. The experimental results underline the potential of coal fly ash for the recovery of metal ions from waste water. The main mechanisms involved in the removal of heavy metal ions from solution were adsorption at the surface of the fly ash and precipitation.