响应曲面法优化绿原酸明胶微球的制备工艺研究

本文以明胶为载体材料,绿原酸作为模型药物,采用乳化-化学交联法制备绿原酸微球。以产率、包封率、平均粒径为评价指标,通过响应曲面法优化制备工艺。得到的最佳制备工艺为：明胶浓度为0.23g·m L-1、水油体积比为1∶5.6(mL∶m L)、搅拌速度为1220r·min-1。该条件下制备的微球表面光滑圆整,大小均匀,分散性好,平均粒径为36μm,产率为99.5%。通过紫外分光光度法测得包封率为89.5%。说明该方法制备的绿原酸微球稳定性好、工艺简单、产率高,具有良好的应用前景和推广价值。     

化学-酶共催化合成反应的特点及应用

针对化学法与酶法单一催化有机合成反应时存在的缺点,以及二者有机结合体现出的互补优势,结合化学-酶共催化有机合成反应的特点与优势,对其在药物、氨基酸、肽、糖、食品添加剂和功能材料方面的合成应用进行了综述。     

基于响应曲面法的反应-萃取-结晶工艺优化

氯化钙与二氧化碳通过反应-萃取-结晶工艺制备碳酸钙和氯化氢气体是制碱废液资源化利用的有效途径。用响应曲面中的Box-Behnken Design(BBD)设计实验,考察了氯化钙浓度、萃取剂体积分数、相比和温度4 个因素对反应-萃取-结晶耦合工艺中氯化钙转化率、有机相中氯化氢浓度以及产物碳酸钙的平均粒度的影响及交互作用,并分别建立了三响应值与影响因素间的回归方程。三响应预测最佳值分别为:氯化钙转化率95.08%、有机相氯化氢浓度1.126 mol·L^-1、碳酸钙平均粒度48.71 μm;相应的实验值分别为92.35%、1.123 mol·L^-1 和49.14μm。预测值与实验值接近,误差较小,说明建立的模型对于反应-萃取-结晶工艺的分析和预测准确可靠。     

响应曲面法优化广西田东活性白土制备工艺研究

活性白土是一种常见的无机吸附材料,由膨润土经过酸改性获得。本文采用硫酸作为改性剂,活化改性膨润土制备高吸附活性的活性白土。通过单因素试验确定了活化温度A、活化时间B、酸用量C、液固比D的取值范围,并采用Box-Behnken响应曲面法设计优化白土制备工艺参数,以大豆油中β-胡萝卜素的吸附率为响应值,分析4种工艺参数对吸附率的影响规律,并预测了最佳的工艺条件。结果表明,建立的吸附率响应曲面模型可靠,可用于活性白土吸附能力优化。活化时间和酸用量对吸附率的影响最大,在所选液固比范围内,液固比对吸附率影响不明显。预测的最佳吸附能力制备条件为：活化温度92.5℃、活化时间5.5 h、酸用量40%(质量分数)、液固比4∶1。该条件下活性白土对β-胡萝卜素的吸附率为97.71%。     

响应曲面法优化硝酸分解磷矿工艺

采用响应曲面法优化硝酸法生产磷酸工艺,探讨硝酸浓度、液固质量比、反应温度对磷矿分解率的影响,对优化实验结果进行多项回归拟合分析,建立反映硝酸浓度、液固质量比、反应温度及三者之间交互作用对磷矿分解率影响的二次多项回归模型。结果表明,优化后的最佳工艺条件为反应时间1.5 h、硝酸w(HNO3)45%、液固质量比14、反应温度65℃,此条件下磷矿分解率的模型预测值与验证实验平均值的偏差很小,说明模型预测与优化的可信度高。     

响应面法优化金银花中绿原酸的超声提取工艺

为优化金银花中绿原酸的超声提取工艺,在单因素实验基础上,选择超声提取时间、提取溶剂量、乙醇体积分数为自变量,绿原酸得率作为响应值,采用中心组合设计的方法,研究各自变量及其交互作用对绿原酸提取的影响。采用响应面分析软件,模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型,并确定超声提取最佳工艺条件为提取时间25.55 min/次,提取溶液量为10.87倍,乙醇体积分数为71.46%,绿原酸的平均得率为2.03%。     

响应面法优化款冬花绿原酸的微波提取工艺

利用响应面法优化款冬花中绿原酸的微波提取工艺。以绿原酸得率为响应值,在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken中心组合设计响应面优化法,对乙醇体积分数、微波功率、微波时间、液固比4个因素进行考察,模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。通过响应面模型确定微波辅助提取款冬花绿原酸的最佳提取工艺为:微波功率200 W,微波时间7 min,乙醇体积分数60%,液固比80∶1(m L/g),在该条件下款冬花绿原酸的得率为11.19%,与模型预测值11.10%非常接近,高于传统浸提法和超声法提取的绿原酸得率。响应面法优化款冬花绿原酸的微波提取工艺与传统浸提法、超声法相比,具有能耗低、时间短、得率高等优点,可为工业生产提取天然绿原酸工艺提供参考。     

响应面法优化月桂酸单甘油酯的酶催化合成工艺

以月桂酸三甘油酯和甘油为原料,脂肪酶催化甘油解反应合成月桂酸单甘油酯。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析法进行合成工艺优化。结果表明,含水量(相对于甘油的质量)对月桂酸单甘油酯产率的影响最为显著,且较优合成条件为:恒温振荡器转速100 r/min,酶添加质量分数(相对于底物)5%,n(甘油)∶n(月桂酸三甘油酯)=6∶1,底物质量分数(相对于整个反应体系)51.9%,温度65℃,含水量4.23%,反应时间5 h。在此条件下,月桂酸单甘油酯产率的预测值和实验值分别为81.68%和81.32%,说明二次多项回归模型具有良好的预测性。     

响应曲面法漂白紫胶微波-真空干燥工艺研究

为提高漂白紫胶产品质量及生产效率,采用微波-真空干燥漂白紫胶研究了不同压强、微波功率和干燥时间对漂白紫胶产品颜色指数和含水率的影响,用响应曲面法（RSM）设计试验并建立了该工艺条件的拟合方程。结果表明,拟合方程的拟合度较高,所建立的数学模型可以用于描述漂白紫胶的微波-真空干燥。漂白紫胶微波-真空干燥的最优条件：干燥压强为3.0 kPa,微波功率为795 W,干燥时间为30 min。在优化条件下进行了验证实验,得到了颜色指数为0.9、含水率为0.028 9kg水/kg干料的产品。     

响应曲面法优化紫九牛中大黄素的提取工艺

以紫九牛中大黄素提取率为指标,通过响应面试验优化紫九牛中大黄素提取的最佳工艺.采用乙醇作为溶剂,超声波辅助提取紫九牛中大黄素,通过单因素试验考查乙醇体积分数、超声提取温度、超声提取时间和料液比对提取紫九牛中大黄素提取率的影响.应用Box-Benhnken实验设计进行四因素三水平实验.结果表明超声波辅助提取紫九牛中大黄素...     

纳米三氧化钨的制备及其应用研究

结合三氧化钨(WO3)优异的光催化、气敏敏感、电致变色等多种特性,综述了纳米WO3的多种合成方法及特点,介绍了纳米WO3的应用研究进展,提出了研究过程中存在的问题以及其未来的发展趋势。     

响应面分析法优化不溶性硫黄萃取提浓工艺

以环境友好型萃取剂HAS-1萃取提浓不溶性硫黄,以萃取温度、萃取时间、剂固比为自变量,萃取率为响应值,利用中心组合实验设计原理及响应面分析法优化HAS-1萃取不溶性硫黄工艺。结果表明,影响不溶性硫黄萃取率的显著性从大到小依次为萃取温度、剂固比、萃取时间。优化后的萃取提浓工艺条件为:温度80.0℃,剂固比6.0 g/g、时间28.0 min。在此条件下,不溶性硫黄萃取率达99.21%,含量98.83%,实现了高品位不溶性硫磺提浓过程的清洁化生产。     

响应面法优化螺旋藻中叶绿素的超声提取工艺

Chlorophylls were extracted by using ultrasonic from Spirulina platensis. Single factor examination and response surface analysis experiments were adopted to investigate the effects of extraction time, extraction solvent, solvent concentration, ratio of liquid to solid and extraction grade. The results showed that the optimal process parameters for this method were: extraction time of 56.5 min, ethanol concentration of 48.3% (vol) of ethanol/acetone solvent, and ratio of liquid to solid of 7. 9 ml·g^-1. The optimized chlorophylls extraction yield was 1.28%. The comparison experimental results indicated that the yield of chlorophylls by ultrasonic extraction was higher than that obtained from conventional solvent extraction.     

响应面法优化菠菜多酚的提取工艺研究

以菠菜为原料,采用超声波辅助法提取多酚。在单因素的基础上,采用BBD实验设计原理,对液料比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和温度进行优化。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:液料比53∶1 m L/g,乙醇浓度60%,提取时间40 min,温度55℃。在此条件下,多酚的得率为40.44 mg/g(DW)。     

响应面法优化菠菜多酚的提取工艺研究

以菠菜为原料,采用超声波辅助法提取多酚。在单因素的基础上,采用BBD实验设计原理,对液料比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和温度进行优化。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:液料比53∶1 m L/g,乙醇浓度60%,提取时间40 min,温度55℃。在此条件下,多酚的得率为40.44 mg/g(DW)。     

响应曲面法优化蜂胶中的活性黄酮提取

探讨了超声波辅助技术提取蜂胶中的活性黄酮类化合物的工艺。实验以芦丁为标样,在单因素实验基础上,采用Box-Behnken实验设计方法,以提取温度、固液比、提取时间以及乙醇浓度为自变量,黄酮提取率为响应值,研究各自变量及其交互作用对黄酮提取率的影响。利用Design expert软件,建立了提取率与超声波处理各因素的二次多项式数学模型,获得了蜂胶中黄酮的最佳提取条件为:提取温度51.32℃,固液比1∶10,提取时间12.88 min,乙醇浓度88.86%,最佳黄酮提取率为52.39%。经过实验验证,黄酮提取率可达51.98%。     

Optimization of oil extraction from locust bean using response surface methodology

Optimization of oil extraction from locust beans (Parkia biglobosa) using central composite rotatable design of RSM was carried out. Independent variables were roasting temperature (90, 100, 110, 120, 130°C) and roasting duration (5, 10 15, 20, 25 min), while the responses were oil yield (OY), free fatty acid (FFA), color (CO), stability, anisidine value (AV), and specific gravity (SG). Data obtained from this study were analyzed using ANOVA and regression analysis. OY, FFA, CO, oil stability, AV, and SG of the oil ranged between (19.0–22.5%), (0.65–3.1%), (37.9–199.9 mg/L), (3.6–6.4%), (11.4–59.9 mg/L), (0.7–0.9), respectively. Roasting conditions significantly influenced all dependent variables at p<0.05. Coefficients of determination (R²) of the generated models ranged from 0.49 to 0.98. Optimum roasting condition was 108°C for 10 min. This gave 22.3% OY, 1.7% FFA, 54.9 mg/L CO, 4.1% stability, 16.5 mg/L AV, and 0.9 SG. Desirability of 0.8 was obtained for optimum conditions. Practical applications: Generally, African locust bean is fermented to give condiment. It has not been used for commercial oil production despite its richness in oil, but soybean with a similar oil content of about 18–20% has been used both for condiment and commercial oil production. Research into the potential of locust bean as a source of edible oil is desirable. Roasting is among pre‐treatment methods employed in vegetable oil industry. Information on degree of influence of these parameters on quantity and quality of oil recovered oil from African locust benefits both entrepreneur and researchers. Also, the developed mathematical expression for OY, FFA, CO, oil stability, AV, and SG, as influenced by roasting temperature and duration is an effective tool in predicting these parameters. The research output has both immediate and potential application.     

响应面分析法优化生姜挥发油提取工艺

在单因素实验的基础上,采用中心组合实验设计及响应面分析法优化了生姜中挥发油的水蒸汽蒸馏提取工艺。结果表明,提取时间(p<0.01),料液比(p<0.05)对挥发油提取得率具有显著影响。最佳工艺条件为:生姜干燥后粉碎过60目筛,加水15.6倍,水蒸汽蒸馏4.78 h。在此条件下,挥发油得率为2.00%,实验结果与模型预测值相符。     

Optimization of enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from some marine algae by response surface methodology

A novel enzymatic extraction combined with response surface methodology was developed for polysaccharide extraction from marine algae. Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize concentration of enzyme, ratio of water to raw material and extraction time for high extraction yields. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: a concentration of enzyme of 778.01 mg/g with ratio of water to raw material of 86.80 and extraction time of 129.93 min for Gelidium amansii and a concentration of enzyme of 997.03 mg/g with ratio of water to raw material of 98.76 and extraction time of 117.69 min for Laminaria japonica Aresch. Under the optimal conditions, extraction yields were 48.36% and 32.47%, respectively. Experimental data were fitted by multiple regression analysis to a secondorder polynomial equation and were statistically analyzed. The predicted model matched the experimental data well with coefficients of determination (R²) of 0.9864 and 0.9892, respectively.