水凝胶基纳米复合材料在食品有害物电化学检测中的应用研究进展

水凝胶基纳米复合材料具有比表面积大、结构易于功能化、生物相容性好、易被集成到信号转导系统中等优点，是一种良好的电极修饰材料。总结了水凝胶基纳米复合材料几种常用的合成策略，讨论了水凝胶基纳米复合材料修饰电极的制备及其用于电化学检测的传感机制，对水凝胶基纳米复合材料的制备及其在电化学传感器中的应用进行了展望，对推动电化学传感检测技术的发展具有参考意义。     

纤维素基水凝胶作为柔性超级电容器电解质的研究进展

传统超级电容器多使用液态电解质组装,然而其因过多外力而破损时,有毒且易挥发的液体电解质会发生泄露,进而引发安全隐患。为解决这一问题,需要开发柔性超级电容器,以抵抗外部力量的破坏。近年来,纤维素材料因绿色、经济和可再生的特点成为储能装置的理想材料,以纤维素基水凝胶组成的超级电容器表现出良好的物理、化学性能（如高柔韧性、优良的机械强度和导电能力）。纤维素基水凝胶在柔性超级电容器领域的应用已成为当前研究热点。本文综述了纤维素基水凝胶电解质的最新研究进展和成果,包括不同纤维素及其衍生物制备水凝胶电解质的性能与特点。最后,讨论了未来纤维素材料作为新能源材料的研究潜力和挑战。     

木质生物质基黏附水凝胶的研究进展

木质生物质作为储量最丰富的生物质资源,因具有可再生性、良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性等特点而在众多研究领域备受瞩目。木质生物质通过改性构建的黏附水凝胶除具有上述特性外,还被赋予了高强度、高韧性、抗菌或抗紫外线等特殊功能,使其在生物医学、传感等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文围绕木质生物质基黏附水凝胶的网络构筑方式,从共价键、非共价键和动态可逆键三方面介绍了不同木质生物质基黏附水凝胶的特点与形成机理,并综述了其在伤口修复、智能可穿戴设备和食品等领域的最新应用进展。最后,对木质生物质基黏附水凝胶的发展前景和所面临的挑战进行了展望。     

生物质基锂电池隔膜材料研究进展

可持续可再生的生物质材料是目前最具有前景的绿色材料之一,在锂电池器件中的应用是能源技术未来发展的重要方向。综述了生物质基锂电池隔膜材料研究进展,从生物质基锂电池隔膜材料的选择,包括纤维素微米纤维基隔膜、纤维素纳米纤维基隔膜、纤维素衍生物隔膜与其他生物质基隔膜的制备与应用,并从无机填料改性、有机共混改性与化学改性三个方面阐述了生物质基锂电池隔膜的主要改性方法,并对未来生物质基锂电池隔膜在储能领域的发展进行了展望。生物质基隔膜未来发展的关键在于对其性能的优化设计以解决锂枝晶生长等问题造成的安全局限性,以及通过材料改性方法突破传统材料的限制和实现性能飞跃式提升。     

多功能纳米纤维素基水凝胶伤口愈合材料的研究进展

纳米纤维素具有良好的生物相容性和无毒性,基于纳米纤维素的新一代水凝胶伤口愈合材料研究逐渐成为热点,但用纳米纤维素制备水凝胶伤口愈合材料面临诸多挑战,如愈合材料的自愈合、促细胞增殖、抗菌和可注射性能的提高等。本文对纳米纤维素基水凝胶伤口愈合材料以上性能的提高研究进行了综述,重点讨论了纳米纤维素经改性、交联、复合等技术制备纳米纤维素基水凝胶的过程与方法,总结了合成机理并展望了纳米纤维素基水凝胶伤口愈合材料多功能化的发展趋势。     

纳米纤维素的制备及其在水凝胶领域的应用研究进展

纳米纤维素基水凝胶是一类将纳米纤维素和高分子聚合物有机结合的复合水凝胶,具有优异的吸水性、保水性,良好的力学性能、生物相容性和生物降解性,已被证明是具有广泛应用前景的功能性高分子材料。本文主要综述了纳米纤维素制备方法（如物理机械法、化学法、生物法和混合法）、纳米纤维素基水凝胶常用制备方法（包括物理交联法和化学交联法）及其应用领域（如食品包装、生物医药、污水处理和能源电子等）;最后通过对现有研究归纳总结,探讨当前影响纳米纤维素基水凝胶发展的主要问题,从性能、改性方法和应用领域等方面对纳米纤维素基水凝胶研究发展进行展望,以期为新型纳米纤维素基水凝胶的快速发展提供参考。     

水凝胶复合织物的研究进展

水凝胶复合织物是一种由水凝胶材料与纺织材料结合而成的复合材料。水凝胶复合织物作为一种新兴的复合材料,在近年来引起了广泛关注。这种材料融合了水凝胶和纺织材料的优势,具有独特的特性和广泛的应用前景。本文在对水凝胶复合织物的制备方法及其在环境治理、淡水资源再生、生物医学、功能和智能纺织品等领域的应用进行综述的基础上,提出：增强力学性能,优化材料的配比,降低制备的成本以及推动其规模化生产是水凝胶复合织物材料未来的重要发展方向。     

木质素基水凝胶材料的设计策略及应用进展

木质素是自然界中含量第二丰富的天然高分子聚合物,也是芳香族化合物中少有的可再生资源之一,作为制浆造纸行业的主要副产物,工业木质素价廉易得。鉴于木质素自身的三维网状结构及丰富的醇羟基、酚羟基、双键等活性官能团,其具备了抗菌、抗炎、吸附等诸多优势,是制备水凝胶的理想选材。但遗憾的是由于木质素结构复杂、空间阻力大、反应活性不足,其提纯处理较为困难、高值化和产业化利用水平较低。利用木质素及其衍生物制备水凝胶既拓宽了其应用范围,又能较好解决现阶段合成高分子水凝胶存在的生物相容性差等问题。基于此,本文从木质素的结构和性质出发、归纳了木质素基水凝胶材料的主要制备方法及优缺点,总结了其在生物医学、污水处理、农业、电子器件等方面的应用现状,并进一步提出了木质素基水凝胶材料现阶段研究中存在的局限性和今后可能的研究前景。     

大豆蛋白基水凝胶的研究进展

大豆蛋白是一种优质的植物蛋白资源,具有良好的凝胶性、生物相容性和安全性,是制备蛋白基水凝胶材料的主要来源之一。本文概述了基于大豆蛋白的水凝胶最新研究进展;简单介绍了大豆蛋白及其结构后,讨论了当前大豆蛋白水凝胶主要的制备方法以及凝胶机制;总结了大豆蛋白水凝胶在食品领域的应用情况,并提出大豆蛋白水凝胶如今存在的问题及今后的研究方向,为制备具有更高性能的大豆蛋白基水凝胶及推动其在食品领域中的广泛应用提供理论依据。     

大豆蛋白基水凝胶的研究进展

大豆蛋白是一种优质的植物蛋白资源,具有良好的凝胶性、生物相容性和安全性,是制备蛋白基水凝胶材料的主要来源之一。本文概述了基于大豆蛋白的水凝胶最新研究进展;简单介绍了大豆蛋白及其结构后,讨论了当前大豆蛋白水凝胶主要的制备方法以及凝胶机制;总结了大豆蛋白水凝胶在食品领域的应用情况,并提出大豆蛋白水凝胶如今存在的问题及今后的研究方向,为制备具有更高性能的大豆蛋白基水凝胶及推动其在食品领域中的广泛应用提供理论依据。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the