喷墨印花预处理对织物组织结构的影响

为探究织物组织结构与喷墨印花效果的关系,选择平纹、斜纹和蜂巢织物为研究对象,对3种织物进行相同的冷轧堆前处理、预处理和喷墨印花,测试了织物的粗糙度、厚度、孔隙率、颜色深度和印花清晰度;分析了预处理对织物组织结构的影响,以及织物组织结构与颜色深度和印花清晰度的关系。结果表明:平纹织物的经向粗糙度、纬向粗糙度、厚度和孔隙率分别为6.4 μm、9.1 μm、0.65 mm和85.5%,斜纹织物比平纹织物分别增加了22%、30%、25%和2.5%,而蜂巢织物比平纹织物分别增加了50%、53%、150%和3.4%;冷轧堆处理和预处理后的平纹、斜纹和蜂巢织物的经纬向粗糙度、孔隙率减小,织物厚度增加;平纹织物的表观颜色最浅、印花清晰度最好,斜纹织物次之,蜂巢织物的表观颜色最深,印花清晰度最差。     

几种平纹地小提花织物的设计

在对平纹地小提花织物的结构特点进行分析的基础上,探讨几种平纹地小提花织物的设计。     

平纹类真丝练白绸等级差灰度特征

为探讨不同结构配置的真丝平纹织物以及不同程度精练真丝平纹织物所表现的灰度信息特征,选取乔其、电力纺、双绉、雪纺及顺纡绉不同丝线结构和经纬密度规格共15个真丝平纹织物成品,设计采用纺织CAD,设定4个等级差灰度,对样品进行分色处理,获取不同灰度像素值的占比。试验结果表明:纹织CAD软件等级差分色分析织物图像灰度信息的方法适用于区别不同品类的真丝平纹织物,但不适用于判定生坯织物的精练程度。     

芳纶1414不同组织结构织物的阻燃防护性能比较

为了研究芳纶的阻燃防护性能,对芳纶长丝进行物理性能表征,织造了平纹和双层角连锁织物,并进行阻燃性能测试。结果发现:两种组织织物的极限氧指数均大于27%;续燃时间均为0;平纹织物的阴燃时间为3s,铰连锁织物的为0;两种织物均没有熔融、滴落现象。表明芳纶织物具有优良的阻燃性能,双层角连锁织物的阻燃性能好于平纹织物。     

绞织织物经向防滑移性能的研究

介绍了绞织织物的结构特点,重点分析了绞织织物经向的防滑移性能。绞织织物属于纱罗组织的一种,其经纱之间相互扭绞,形成独特的网眼结构。利用欧拉公式理论计算普通平纹织物与绞织织物的交织阻力,并以此表示纱线的防滑移力,绞织织物的经向防滑移力约为平纹织物的1.5倍;利用电子织物强力仪测试两种织物经向的交织阻力,结果显示绞织织物的经向防滑移力为平纹织物的1.8倍。由此可见,绞织织物比普通的三原组织织物纱线防滑移性能优良,结构更加稳定。     

Tencel与Model织物力学性能的比较

分别对天丝、莫代尔的平纹织物和斜纹织物进行力学性能测试,结果表明：天丝织物的拉伸断裂强度和撕裂强力优于莫代尔织物,但是耐磨性能不如莫代尔织物;对于同种纤维的织物．平纹织物的拉伸断裂性能、耐磨性能优于斜纹织物,而斜纹织物的撕裂强力却优于平纹织物。     

用变截面纱线模型模拟平纹织物的研究

为了逼真模拟平纹织物,采用变化尺寸大小的锯齿形椭圆截面的纱线模型,结合B样条曲面造型技术,利用Peirce机织物模型构造平纹织物的几何立体结构.根据VC程序运行结果来看,该纱线模型结合捻度结构用于模拟平纹织物的效果逼真.     

杆织法平纹地经起绒纵条纹织物的设计与试织

探讨了杆织法平纹地经起绒织物的设计方法。概述了杆织法平纹地经起绒织物的组织与结构设计、纹样设计。以"回"字形杆织法平纹地经起绒织物为例,分别介绍了组织设计、色纱排列、织物上机参数,并试织了小样。试织结果表明,通过起绒杆与绒经交织形成回字形绒圈,并配合平纹组织,可形成具有连续回字形纵条纹外观的织物。得出结论如下:利用杆织法平纹地经起绒组织和平纹组织配合可形成具有凹凸立体外观效果的纵条纹织物。     

棉包芯摩擦纱织物性能的试验和分析

本文对棉包涤纶低弹丝、棉包锦纶高弹丝、棉包粘胶长丝摩擦纱以及用这些纱线制成的平纹织物的性能进行了试验研究 ,并将它们与纯棉环锭纱和纯棉摩擦纱的平纹织物的性能进行了比较和分析。研究结果表明 ,棉包涤纶低弹丝摩擦纱织物和棉包锦纶高弹丝摩擦纱平纹织物具有比纯棉环锭纱平纹织物更为优越的综合性能。     

织物组织设计对其性能的影响

对于优质织物而言,原材料的选择与合适的织物组织设计非常重要。改变经、纬纱的交织类型和顺序,织物的外观和质地、结构、物理性能及力学性能将发生改变。在此背景下,探讨不同织物组织设计对织物性能的影响。选择纬纱浮长各不同的平纹、3/1斜纹、仿纱罗及背面浮松组织作为研究对象,在相同的织造条件下制备织物试样并研究和评估试样的性能。测试结果表明,平纹织物的面密度较大,斜纹、仿纱罗及背面浮松组织织物的面密度则无明显的差异;从织物结构来看,平纹织物的厚度较小,其后依次为仿纱罗、背面浮松及斜纹组织织物;因平纹组织的交织点多,因此其纱线卷曲率大于斜纹、仿纱罗及背面浮松组织;平纹组织织物的弯曲刚度较大,随着纬纱浮长的增大,织物的刚度减小;所有试样都具有良好或中等程度的抗起球性;平纹织物的悬垂系数大于其他组织的织物;平纹织物的透气性也最好。     

纬平针织物的计算机三维模拟

为探索计算机模拟纬平针织物的新方法,更加真实地反映其三维结构,在Pierce二维纬编针织线圈模型的基础上,根据针织物空间几何结构的特点,建立了三维几何线圈模型。它由几段用参数方程表示的空间圆弧和曲线连接组成,通过OpenGL程序设计和库函数中的球体模型,在Visual C++编程环境下实现该线圈模型。研究和模拟结果表明,采用这种建模和实现方法,无需消隐处理,可较为逼真地显示出纬平针织物线圈在三维空间中相互串套的效果。     

Estimating engineering constants of woven textile composite using geometric model

This article deals with a simple geometric model of fiber-reinforced plastic composite (FRP composite). The composite uses an epoxy resin as the matrix and one layer of a plain weave E-Glass fabric as the reinforcement. Using theoretical considerations (on the basis of this model), it is feasible to calculate basic mechanical parameters useful for stress analysis. Such considerations and methods for calculating will be presented in this paper. The work consists in developing constitutive model of specific textile composite material – presently plain weave. There is a numerical constitutive model which approximates the mechanical behavior at the local scale. All results in this paper have been obtained using computer program created in Mathematica environment. The geometric model is based on the model of R.A. Naik, however, the validity and limitations are studied carefully. The method of calculation presented in this article can be applied to other weave patterns of FRP composites with other woven fabric geometries such as: Pierce’s model of plain weave, Pierce’s elliptic model, Kemp model with race track cross-section, and Hearle’s model.     

Theoretical and experimental analysis of bending rigidity of plain and twill woven fabrics

The study of bending behavior of woven fabrics is an important issue in textile scientific researches and its industrial applications. Different behavior of fabrics such as drape, comfort, and handling can be understood by this study. Bending rigidity of fabric depends on several factors such as weave geometry, bending rigidity of yarn, and yarn density. In this study, estimation of bending rigidity of woven fabric with different twill and plain structures, have been carried out using energy method. Generally, the woven fabric structure is divided into three different section lengths i.e. rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible sections. Thereafter, bi-component and tri-component models for predicting bending behavior of plain and twill woven fabric have been presented. Then, bending properties of fabric based on Shirley apparatus as well as weight per area as a physical property were measured. Good agreement between measured and predicted values, validated our theoretical models for obtaining bending rigidity, except considerable differences observed between experimental and predicted values using bi-component model of plain fabric. Therefore, using assumptions in calculation of the ratio of rigid section length to flexible section length (R₁), the modified model of plain fabric has been proposed.     

Peirce平纹机织物结构模型的计算精确度

为提出一种可估计任意机织物结构理论模型精度的思路,利用Peirce织物结构理论计算平纹织物纱线的几何形态。用Keyence数码显微镜非破坏性地实际测量织物的关键点位置,并利用保形3次B样条曲线模拟织物结构。采用离散Fréchet距离进行判别理论计算的纱线构形曲线和实测模拟的纱线构形曲线的相似性程度。计算两条曲线上对应波峰点、波谷点及相邻波峰点与波谷点的离散Fréchet距离差的绝对值,得到一个可认为曲线相似时的阈值 ,并与织物厚度相比较,提出纱线中心线形状相似度的概念。阈值 越小,则相似度越高,织物结构模型计算的精确度越高。通过MatLab应用程序,对两种平纹组织三维重建织物结构模型的相似性进行了分析并计算出样品1和样品2经、纬纱的相似度值分别为90%,86%,82%,94%。     

Mathematical model to predict vertical wicking behaviour. Part II: flow through woven fabric

The aim of the paper is to develop a mathematical model to predict vertical wicking behaviour of woven fabric. The first part of this series (Part I) has dealt with the mathematical model for predicting vertical wicking through yarn. In this part a model has been proposed to predict vertical wicking of the woven fabric, based on the developed yarn model. In order to model the flow through woven fabric along with the vertical flow through liquid carrying threads, the horizontal flow through transverse threads has also been taken into account. A simplified fabric geometrical concept (inclined tube geometry) and Peirce geometry for plain woven fabric have been used to define the fabric structure. Warp and weft linear density, fabric sett and yarn crimp have been considered in the fabric modelling. The theoretical wicking values of the yarn and fabric made from that yarn have been compared. Experimental verification of the model has been carried out using polyester and polypropylene fabrics. The model is found to predict the wicking height with time through the yarns and fabrics with reasonable accuracy.     

Computer simulation of plain woven fabric appearance from yarn photographs

This article proposes a method for simulating plain woven fabric appearance based on photographs taken by still camera of actual yarns along their lengths. The survey mathematically models the transformation of yarns from a straight circular cylinder to a flattened and crimped form in the fabric structure. The simulation is performed by yarn images that are obtained by image processing techniques and resized according to mathematical models developed by means of the software prepared. Transforming circular yarn cross-section to elliptical one for simulating yarn flattening and modelling the crimped shape of yarn by an elastica curve are both convenient and realistic. The simulation of plain woven fabric can be performed by a method based on raster graphics. This article provides a model for yarn shape in fabric structure as well as a method for simulating plain woven fabric appearance. This method may be used in textile industry for design and quality control.     

芳纶纱罗织物的织造及防刺性能研究

通过改造电脑织样机来织造芳纶纱罗织物并对绞纱组织的开口循环进行了详细分析。进而测试芳纶纱罗组织不同点的防刺性能,阐述了钉状物刺入纱罗组织不同点的防刺机理。然后将芳纶纱罗织物与芳纶平纹的防刺性能进行对比测试分析。结果表明,芳纶纱罗织物的防刺性能优于芳纶平纹,更适用于防刺复合织物基布以提高织物的防刺性能。