偏高岭土与矿渣复掺对混凝土性能改善的研究

通过偏高岭土与矿渣的不同复掺比例研究了偏高岭土与矿渣复掺对混凝土强度和耐久性能的影响.结果表明:往矿渣混凝土中掺入偏高岭土后,混凝土的强度和耐久性能均有所提高,矿渣和偏高岭土在胶凝材料中的掺量越大,混凝土的氯离子导电量越小.矿渣和水泥的优化比例为3:7左右,这样既保证了混凝土的强度,又使得混凝土具有优越的抗氯离子扩散性能.     

偏高岭土对混凝土性能影响研究

采用偏高岭土、粉煤灰和矿渣等量取代水泥,并将偏高岭土与粉煤灰、矿渣分别复掺配制混凝土,对混凝土的工作性、抗压强度和耐久性进行了研究.结果表明,偏高岭土用作混凝土掺合料且掺量合理时,其对混凝土坍落度和抗压强度的影响优于粉煤灰和矿渣,配制的混凝土抗腐蚀性和抗冻融性均有所提高.     

偏高岭土掺合料对高强混凝土抗压强度的影响

通过控制混凝土的偏高岭土掺量、龄期、水胶比和矿物掺合料组合等条件,进行偏高岭土单掺,偏高岭土与矿渣复掺及偏高岭土、矿渣与粉煤灰复掺等量取代水泥试验,研究偏高岭土对高强混凝土抗压强度的影响。结果表明:水胶比分别为0.18、0.21和0.24时,较于基准混凝土,3组试验制配的高强混凝土3、7和28d抗压强度都显著增强。偏高岭土、矿渣与粉煤灰三元复掺时,偏高岭土与矿渣的掺量控制在20%左右,能明显提高混凝土的早期强度,最佳水胶比均为0.18。通过单一降低水胶比不能显著提升偏高岭土混凝土的抗压强度。偏高岭土混凝土三元复掺的抗压强度一般大于其二元复掺的抗压强度,其二元复掺的抗压强度一般大于其单掺的抗压强度。     

偏高岭土混凝土力学性能研究

研究了0、5%、10%和15%四种掺量下单掺偏高岭土和偏高岭土与粉煤灰、矿渣粉按不同比例复掺后混凝土的抗压强度和抗折强度。结果表明,在单掺偏高岭土时,低掺量的偏高岭土有利于混凝土的早期强度,而高掺量的偏高岭土则有利于混凝土的后期强度。在复掺偏高岭土中,偏高岭土和粉煤灰、矿渣粉三种矿物掺合料复掺时具有最好的效果,能够显著增强混凝土的早期和后期强度。     

活性偏高岭土对混凝土性能影响的试验研究

本文采用偏高岭土、粉煤灰、矿渣为辅助性胶凝材料,取代部分水泥配制混凝土,对混凝土的力学性能和耐久性能进行了试验研究,结果表明,偏高岭土可有效提高混凝土抗压强度,改善混凝土的抗碳化性能和抗氯离子渗透性能。     

多掺矿物掺合料再生混凝土力学性能研究

通过测试再生混凝土坍落度、立方体抗压强度及劈裂抗拉强度,并对再生混凝土微观形貌、矿物组成进行分析,探究矿物掺合料种类及掺量对再生混凝土力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：将粉煤灰分别与矿渣、硅灰、偏高岭土组合使用能够明显改善再生混凝土和易性;单掺矿物掺合料中,偏高岭土能显著提升再生混凝土力学性能,相较于基准组,养护龄期90 d时,抗压强度和劈拉强度分别提升24.0%和11.0%;复掺矿物掺合料中,粉煤灰-偏高岭土对混凝土的劈拉强度提升效果突出,劈拉强度提升14.0%,抗压强度提升6.5%;三掺矿物掺合料中,粉煤灰-硅灰-偏高岭土对再生混凝土的劈拉强度提升较好,劈拉强度提升9.8%,抗压强度提升4.6%;粉煤灰-矿渣-硅灰-偏高岭土四掺再生混凝土力学性能表现良好,抗压强度最高提升18.4%,劈拉强度最高提升15.5%。     

掺偏高岭土的高性能混凝土研究

介绍偏高岭土、粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰等活性掺合料组合复掺配制高性能混凝土，通过对各组试样进行力学性能测试与混凝土微观结构分析。讨论不同掺合料组合对混凝土性能的影响。实验表明：微细偏高岭土具有相当高的活性，可用来替代硅灰。     

矿物掺合料对碱矿渣粉燥灰胶凝材料改性研究

研究沸石粉和偏高岭土2种矿物掺合料对固态碱矿渣粉煤灰胶凝材料的改性效果.结果表明,偏高岭土对碱矿渣粉煤灰胶凝材料的抗压强度具有明显增强效果,但降低了抗折强度:沸石粉对抗压强度和抗折强度均有增强作用;作为碱矿渣粉煤灰胶凝材料的活性掺合料,沸石粉优于偏高岭土,具有进一步研究的价值:偏高岭土和沸石粉在碱矿渣粉煤灰胶凝材料中发挥的强度优势不及矿渣粉煤灰混合料明显.     

碱激发偏高岭土/矿渣复合胶凝体系反应水平及影响因素分析

考察了碱激发偏高岭土/矿渣复合胶凝体系中各原料和反应产物在不同pH值盐酸溶液中的溶解率,并通过X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）等测试方法分析了偏高岭土及其碱激发硬化浆体的酸溶剩余物.结果表明：偏高岭土在pH=0的盐酸溶液中几乎不溶解,碱激发偏高岭土的酸溶剩余物（盐酸溶液pH=0～2）为偏高岭土,由此得到偏高岭土的地质聚合反应水平（以下简称反应水平）;矿渣在碱激发条件下几乎完全反应,其在多数情况下可提高偏高岭土的反应水平;当矿渣掺量一定时,偏高岭土的反应水平随碱激发剂模数的增大而降低,随液固比的增大而提高,且低矿渣掺量条件下,增大液固比所产生的促进作用更加显著;低碱激发剂质量分数条件下,偏高岭土反应水平随矿渣掺量的增加而提高;高碱激发剂质量分数条件下,偏高岭土的反应水平随矿渣掺量的增加先升后降,且与偏高岭土最高反应水平相对应的矿渣掺量逐渐减小.     

矿渣掺量及激发剂模数对偏高岭土基地聚物常温固化的影响

将粒化高炉矿渣(GGBFS)掺入偏高岭土(MK)中,研究了矿渣掺量对具有常温固化能力胶凝材料稠度、凝结时间及力学性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射(XRD),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),扫描电镜(SEM)等分析手段研究了偏高岭土-矿渣复合体系的反应机理.结果表明:将矿渣掺入偏高岭土能减小浆体的稠度,缩短其凝结时间;偏高岭土-矿渣复合体系可在常温下固化,得到具有较高强度的硬化浆体;在碱激发作用下偏高岭土-矿渣复合体系发生了地质聚合反应和矿渣水化反应,生成了N-A-S-H凝胶与C-S-H凝胶共存的结构;激发剂模数和偏高岭土与矿渣的质量比是影响反应产物强度的主要因素——矿渣掺量不高于40%(质量分数)时,反应产物的强度随激发剂模数增大而降低;矿渣掺量超过60%后,反应产物强度随激发剂模数增大而提高.     

硅砂粉与矿渣微粉复掺技术用于PHC管桩生产

设计研究了管桩生产用的混凝土配合比,将硅砂粉与矿渣微粉作为混凝土掺合料,在满足管桩生产要求前提下,以一定比例取代硅酸盐水泥,采用常压蒸汽养护和高压蒸汽养护,并测定了混凝土的脱模强度及高压蒸汽养护后的强度.试验结果表明,利用硅砂粉和矿渣微粉以一定比例复掺等量代替水泥生产PHC管桩是可行的,其中,复合掺合料的取代比例可达45%,硅砂粉和矿渣微粉的掺量分别为150 kg/m3、50 kg/m3,混凝土脱模及压蒸后的抗压强度分别为49.1MPa、89.0MPa,符合管桩国家标准要求.     

Strength properties and durability aspects of high strength concrete using Korean metakaolin

Metakaolin is a cementitious material used as admixture to produce high strength concrete. In Korea, the utilization of this material remained mainly limited to fireproof walls but began recently to find applications as a replacement for silica fume in the manufacture of high performance concrete.In order to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties and durability of concrete using metakaolin, the following tests were conducted on concrete specimens using various replacements of silica fume and metakaolin; mechanical tests such as compressive, tensile and flexural strength tests, durability tests like rapid chloride permeability test, immersion test in acid solution, repeated freezing and thawing test and accelerated carbonation test.Strength tests revealed that the most appropriate strength was obtained for a substitution rate of metakaolin to binder ranging between 10% and 15%. It was observed that the resistance to chloride ion penetration reduced significantly as the proportion of silica fume and metakaolin binders increased. The filler effect resulting from the fine powder of both binders was seen to ameliorate substantially the resistance to chemical attacks in comparison with ordinary concrete. Durability tests also verified that concrete using metakaolin bore most of the mechanical and durability characteristics exhibited by concrete using silica fume. The tests implemented in this study confirmed that metakaolin constitutes a promising material as a substitute for the cost prohibitive silica fume.     

Transport properties in metakaolin blended concrete

One of the approaches in improving the durability of concrete is to use blended cement materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and more recently, metakaolin. By changing the chemistry and microstructure of concrete, pozzolans reduce the capillary porosity of the cementitious system and make them less permeable to exterior chemical sources as well as reducing the internal chemical incompatibilities such as alkali–silica reaction. This paper presents the results of a study on the transport properties and durability characteristics of concrete containing different levels of metakaolin. Water penetration, gas permeability, water absorption, electrical resistivity, chloride ingress, and alkali–silica reaction potential were studied and their inter-relationships discussed. Results show that substituting optimum levels of metakaolin improves different aspects of the transport properties and durability performance. At 15% replacement level, compressive strength increased by 20%, while the water penetration, gas permeability, water absorption, electrical resistivity and ionic diffusion had improvements of up to 50%, 37%, 28%, 450%, and 47%, respectively and the 28-day ASR expansion for this mix was reduced as much as 82%. The minimum replacement level required for mitigating ASR and the relationship between physical and chemical effects of metakaolin were discussed.     

粘性材料对自密实混凝土性能的影响

自密实混凝土是高性能混凝土发展的一个重要分支和方向。本文通过向自密实混凝土配料中添加石粉、硅灰、偏高岭土这三种粘性材料来研究其对自密实混凝土拌合物性能以及成型后的力学性能和收缩的影响。     

活性粉末混凝土耐久性研究

本文针对掺有硅灰、粉煤灰，并辅以钢纤维等配制的活性粉末混凝土（RPC）的耐久性进行研究。试验结果表明，RPC不仅获得了高强度，又改善了传统高强混凝土收缩大的缺点，具有较小的体积收缩率，并具有优异的抗碳化、抗氰离子渗透、耐腐蚀性等耐久性。本文对于活性粉末混凝土的工程应用具有一定的参考意义。     

Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete incorporating copper slag as coarse aggregate

Copper slag is a by-product obtained during the matte smelting and refining of copper. Current options of management of this slag are recycling, recovering of metal, production of value added products and disposal in slag dumps or stockpiles. This paper presents the results of a study undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using copper slag as coarse aggregates in high-strength concrete. The effects of replacing limestone coarse aggregate by copper slag coarse aggregate on the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and rebound hammer values of high-strength concretes are evaluated in this work. Concrete mixtures containing different levels of silica fume were prepared with water to cementitious materials ratios of 0.40, 0.35, and 0.30. The percentages of the cement replacements by silica fume were 0%, 6%, and 10%. The use of copper slag aggregate compared to limestone aggregate resulted in a 28-day compressive strength increase of about 10–15%, and a splitting tensile strength increase of 10–18%. It can be concluded from the results of this study that using copper slag as coarse aggregate in high-strength concrete is technically possible and useful.     

Properties of self-compacting concrete mixtures containing metakaolin and blast furnace slag

Rheological, mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes produced using blended binders containing metakaolin and blast furnace slag are studied. The rheological properties of SCC mix with metakaolin are characterized by significant yield stress and relatively low viscosity, while the mix with blast furnace slag shows zero yield stress and higher viscosity. The compressive strength of SCC with metakaolin grows very fast during the initial hardening period and remains significantly higher, as compared with the mix with blast furnace slag, up to 90 days. Durability properties of the mix containing metakaolin are excellent. Water absorption coefficient and water penetration depths are very low. The freeze resistance tests show zero mass loss after 56 cycles in deicing salt solution.     

试验方法对混凝土抗氯离子渗透扩散性的影响

采用快速氯离子渗透试验方法,稳态电迁移方法和电导方法,对普通水泥混凝土、轻骨料混凝土及掺粉煤灰、矿渣,硅粉,偏高岭土和稻壳灰的混凝土进行了抗氯离子渗透扩散性试验研究。结果表明,三种方法得到的混凝土抗氯离子渗透扩散性的结论相类似,但在混凝土的氯离子渗透扩散性较低时,相互之间的规律性不大明显。ASTMC1202在许多情况下仍然可以采用,特别适用于不掺混凝合的混凝土。     

Thaumasite form of sulfate attack in limestone cement mortars: A study on long term efficiency of mineral admixtures

Concrete and mortar made from limestone cement may exhibit a lack of durability due to the formation of thaumasite. The addition of minerals that improve the concrete durability is expected to slow down the formation of thaumasite. In this work the effect of natural pozzolana, fly ash, ground granulated blastfurnace slag and metakaolin on the thaumasite formation in limestone cement mortar is examined. A limestone cement, containing 15% w/w limestone, was used. Mortar specimens were prepared by replacing a part of limestone cement with the above minerals. The specimens were immersed in a 1.8% MgSO₄ solution and cured at 5 and 25 °C. The status of the samples after a storage period of 5 years was reported based on visual inspection, compressive strength, mass measurements, ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements and analytical techniques. It is concluded that the use of specific minerals, as partial replacement of cement, inhibits thaumasite formation in limestone cement mortar.