省、市级专业运动员运动成就动机与训练态度及赛前情绪的相关研究

本文应用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数据分析法等多种方法,对省、市级专业运动员运动成就动机与训练态度及赛前情绪的关系作出了相关分析.结果表明,被调查运动员在运动成就动机方面不存在显著社会取向;两种取向运动成就动机、不同等级的运动员在训练态度上没有显著差异;对现有相关文献综述后得出,社会取向运动成就动机是影响赛前个体失败焦虑的最主要变量.     

京郊大学生村官成就动机研究

采用成就动机量袁(AMS)对北京市429名大学生村官进行调查研究.结果显示,京郊大学生村官整体成就动机水平不高,但他们追求成功的动机明显高于避免失败的动机;成就动机存在显著的性别、专业和岗位差异,男性追求成功的动机明显高于女性,文科类大学生村官避免失败的动机明显高于理工类和艺术及其他类,专业技术指导类与事务类岗位的大学生村官避免失败的动机显著高于从事基层管理工作的大学生村官;但在生源地、学历、政治面貌、是否学生干部、任职期限方面均不存在显著差异.此外,建议或意见采纳与否,会显著影响大学生村官的成就动机水平,得到认同的其成就动机明显较高.     

与供应链理论密切相关的几种理论概析

供应链理论作为一种兴起20多年的前沿理论,以巨大的现实效果使其思想理念及运作方法得到人们的广泛认同。供应链理论的产生并不是哪个管理学者的专利,而是经济发展、环境变革及竞争升级等因素综合作用下自发的结果。供应链理论是一门综合性的学科,包含了很多其它理论的思想精髓或指导方法。本文试图对与供应链理论密切相关的几种理论进行概述与分析,以此希望能更好地理解这些基本理论与供应链之间的关系,更好地认识供应链理论。一、价值链理论1.价值链理论概述。价值链理论是哈佛大学迈克尔·波特教授于1982年在研究企业竞争优势时提出的。…     

隐喻理解的概念隐喻理论与概念整合理论

传统修辞学认为隐喻是一种修辞手法,是词语的替换,其理解是一个对比的过程.以<我们赖以生存的隐喻>一书为界,认知语言学家认为隐喻不仅仅是一种语言表面的现象,更是人们认识世界、进行思维和认知的方式.经过对两个影响最为深远、最有阐释力的理解模型的介绍和对比,认为它们是互补而非替代的关系.作为综述和介绍性论文,对认知语言学研究者,特别是隐喻研究者有一定意义.     

顺应理论在商业广告翻译中的应用浅析

顺应理论是通过一种新的视角和途径揭示语言使用的本质特征的理论.本文主要论述了该理论在商业广告翻译中的实际应用,旨在为跨文化的广告翻译提供一些借鉴和参考.     

英语教学中的语感培养探析

语感一直是语言学界关注的重要理论问题,语感教学作为一种教学理念,也为正在进行英语教学改革提供了一种新的视角.本文追溯了语感的理论根源内隐认知理论,并结合教学实践探讨英语教学中对学生语感的培养.     

论科学发展观的国际理论渊源

探讨科学发展观提出的国际理论渊源,是当前研究科学发展观的一个独特视角.笔者主要从三个方面:一是以马克思主义发展观为理论指导;二是对国外发展理论的吸收和借鉴;三是取西方人本主义的理论精华,揭示科学发展观的提出具有深邃的世界眼光和广阔的国际理论视野,进而拓宽人们研究的思路,增强进一步贯彻和落实科学发展观的理论自觉性.     

试析整体因材施教与因需施教

自从孔子提出因材施教的思想,二千多年来一直被人们作为一种有效的教学手段而受到广泛的肯定,但在具体的教学实践中,如何实施一直是个问题.现代的教育环境与孔子时代已完全不同,因材施教作为一种教育思想如何与现代教育形式相结合,使因材施教不仅仅是一种好看的教育理论更成为有效的教学手段,是教育实践迫切需要解决的一个问题.下面就结合高等职业教育的特点来分析现代教育条件下的因材施教与因需施教.     

从关联角度看翻译过程

关联理论是由斯波伯和威尔逊提出的,是认知语用学的基础.翻译是一种语际间的交际活动,也是一种语用行为.因此作为旨在翻译交际活动的认知语用学理论,关联理论从一开始对翻译交际就具有解释力.自从加特发表第一篇关联翻译理论的论文以来,此类研究已经取得了丰硕的成果.     

企业核心员工隐性知识的混沌理论研究

核心员工的隐性知识是企业构建核心竞争力的基础,但目前人们对隐性知识的研究视野偏窄。混沌理论是交叉学科理论中的一种,是科学研究中的重要手段。运用混沌理论研究核心员工的隐性知识,从非线性混沌理论的视角探讨核心员工隐性知识的混沌特征,以及完善企业激励机制的途径,旨在为强化核心员工隐性知识的管理提供新思路。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。